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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Effects Of Land Disposal Of Pulp Mill Effluents On Plant Nutrient Uptake And Element Balance, Joseph B. Schwarzback
Effects Of Land Disposal Of Pulp Mill Effluents On Plant Nutrient Uptake And Element Balance, Joseph B. Schwarzback
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
An analysis of the soil and plant tissues was undertaken to ascertain the effect that land irrigation with pulp mill effluent has on nutrient uptake and element balance of tree seedlings. Results show that the effluent significantly increased the sodium content of both soil and tissue; however, these levels fell far below the level necessary to become detrimental to plant life, soil chemistry and soil structure. There was evidence that the increase of elements from the effluent provided positive effects in growth and plant health. There was no evidence of sodium toxicity or calcium starvation. Evidence clearly points out the …
Color And Light Intensity Preferences Of Four Species Of Alate Cereal Aphids, Donald A. Dickmann
Color And Light Intensity Preferences Of Four Species Of Alate Cereal Aphids, Donald A. Dickmann
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Color and light intensity preferences of 4 species of alate cereal aphids, the English grain aphid, Macrosiphum avenae (Fab.); oat bird-cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.); corn leaf aphid, R. maidis (Fitch); greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani); were tested under controlled conditions. No significant differences in color response were found between post-teneral (flight-active) and flight-exhausted alates of any species. Macrosiphum avenae, R. maidis, and S. graminum showed a distinct preference for yellow; R. padi usually preferred green. Alates of all species preferred high light intensities to low within the range tested (350-3500 ft-c). Preferred colors (yellow and green) were more important than …
Characterization Of A Bovine Parvovirus, Thomas J. Langpap
Characterization Of A Bovine Parvovirus, Thomas J. Langpap
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bovine parvovirus has been shown to produce calf scours (40). Although exact figures are unavailable, a sizeable economic loss is suffered annually by South Dakotans as a result of this disease. Bovine parvovirus has been isolated in South Dakota (7). However, the extent of exposure to the virus is unknown. The object of this study is to characterize the South Dakota parvovirus isolate and determine by serological methods the extent of exposure in cattle. A preliminary study to determine the ability of parvovirus to cause abortion in cattle will also be undertaken.
Effects Of Fungus-Fermented Soybeans On Broiler Growth And Life Cycle Performance Of Coturnix Quail, Cheong Choo Chah
Effects Of Fungus-Fermented Soybeans On Broiler Growth And Life Cycle Performance Of Coturnix Quail, Cheong Choo Chah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Despite the extensive data that have accumulated on the detrimental effect of molds on the growth of farm animals, very little is known as to the beneficial role of fungi in animal feed. Recent studies at South Dakota State University research laboratories revealed, however, that only 164 of 392 strains of Aspergilli were found to be toxic. When the cultures were grown on sterile soybeans or wheat, some of the tested cultures exerted positive effects on growth of chicks and mice. Hence, the investigations reported herein were initiated to obtain further information on those cultures beneficial to chick performance and …
Gonadal Hormone Levels Prior To And Following Puberty In Straightbred And Crossbred Beef Heifers, Walter Ronald Parker
Gonadal Hormone Levels Prior To And Following Puberty In Straightbred And Crossbred Beef Heifers, Walter Ronald Parker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Five heifers from each of four breed groups (Angus x Angus, Charolais x Charolais and the two reciprocal crosses) were used in a study of gonadal hormone levels during the interval from 16 weeks before puberty to puberty (trial I). Puberty was defined as the first standing estrus. Two heifer calves from dams from each of the above breed groups and sired by a single Polled Hereford bull were used in a study of gonadal hormone levels from birth to weaning (trial II). Blood samples were collected at weekly intervals from trial I heifers before puberty and three times weekly …
In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation Of Protecting Whey Protein Concentrate For Ruminants, David Rodriguez Maltos
In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation Of Protecting Whey Protein Concentrate For Ruminants, David Rodriguez Maltos
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In experiment I a series of in vitro buffer and rumen fermentation studies were conducted to evaluate protein solubility at pH 6.8 and pH 2.5 (with pepsin) and ammonia production from whey protein concentrates (WPC, 55% protein) treated with 0, .25, .5, 1.0, and 3% formaldehyde; 1, .5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 6% tannic acid; and 0, 1, 2, and 3 hr of heat treatment at 104 C. Protein solubility and ammonia production from casein treated with 0, .5, 1.0, and 3% formaldehyde and 0, .5, 1.0, and 3% tannic acid were also studied. All levels of formaldehyde treatment of …
Quantitative Gene Action And Interrelationships Of Protein Content With Some Metrical Traits Of Oats, Harbans Singh Sraon
Quantitative Gene Action And Interrelationships Of Protein Content With Some Metrical Traits Of Oats, Harbans Singh Sraon
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The objectives of this study were (a) to determine gene action, heritability and number of effective factors controlling protein content in oats, (b) to investigate the interrelationships of protein content with other agronomic characters, and (c) to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing A. sterilis germplasm in oat breeding projects. Four genetically distinct cultivars with protein content ranging from 15.7 to 26.6 percent were crossed in all possible combinations to make a complete set of diallel crosses. The data suggested additive gene action and partial dominance for protein content. Groat percentage and number of panicles showed overall partial dominance. Yield and …
Parasites Of Salmonid Fishes From Southcentral Alaska, James Carl Riis
Parasites Of Salmonid Fishes From Southcentral Alaska, James Carl Riis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The importance of fish parasites is directly related to the value of the fish they affect. Alaskan salmonids are extremely important and are constantly increasing in value to the United States. Other countries, such as Japan and Russia, are also finding Alaskan salmonids important as a foodstuff. If human populations continue growing at present rates, in only a few years there could be twice as many people eating fish. As a recreational asset in Alaska, salmonids rank at or near the top, both for sportfishing and as a natural attraction. It is thus important from an economic point of view …
Initiation Of Parturition In Dairy Cows With Dexamethasone And Dexamethasone Plus Estradiol Benzoate, Gary Lee Beardsley
Initiation Of Parturition In Dairy Cows With Dexamethasone And Dexamethasone Plus Estradiol Benzoate, Gary Lee Beardsley
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Parturition was initiated in 25 of 29 (Trial 1) and 26 of 26 (Trial 2) Holstein cows given dexamethasone (Trial 1), 4.4 mg/100 kg body weight, or dexamethasone plus .25 mg estradiol benzoate (Trial 2) at day 273 of gestation. Parturition occurred at 45.l z +/-11.1 h (Trial 1) and 40.8 ± 9.6 h (Trial 2) after injection. Twenty-nine control cows (Trial 1) and 26 control cows (Trial 2) had average gestation lengths of 280 and 281 days, respectively. In Trial 1, calving difficulty was greater (P <.05) while birth weight of calves was 3.0 kg less (P<.05) for the induced cows compared to controls. In Trial 2, no differences in calving difficulty were found, while calf birth weight was 2.5 kg less (P <.10) for the induced cows compared to controls. Average birth weights of calves were 42.4 and 45.4 kg, Trial 1; and L~o.8 and 43.3 kg for Trial 2, for induced and control groups. Severity of udder edema did not differ for either trial. Average daily milk production for the first 9 wk of lactation was 2l~.8 kg and 27.8 kg (Trial 1) and 24.2 kg and 27.7 kg (Trial 2), for induced and control groups. In both trials, differences in milk fat or fat corrected milk were nil. Total milk production (305 day-2X-mature equivalent) was not significantly different for either trial. Changes in body weight were similar for control and induced cows in both trials. The incidence of retained placental membranes was 76 and 10'/4 (Trial 1) and 50 and 4% (Trial 2) for induced and control cows. Average days to first heat, days to firs+, service, days to conception, and services per conception for induced cows were: 58 .4, 79-9, 117.8, 2.0 (Trial l); 80.7, 81.4, 102.2, 1.64 (Trial 2); and for control cows were: 58.6, 82.3, 105.5, 1.8 (Trial l); 89.0, 91.4, 128~6, 1.94 (Trial 2). In Trial 1, the incidence of milk fever in cows with no previous history was 24 and 10'/4 for induced a"'1.d control cows. There were no differences in the incidence of metabolic disorders in Trial 2. Results of California Mastitis Tests were similar for control and induced cows in both trials. In both Trial 1 and Trial 2, fat, protein, total solids, and gamma globulin content of the colostrum did not differ between control an treatment groups;· Casein values were lower (P <.05) for the treatment group in both trials. Average daily gains from 0 to 10 weeks were .63 and .60 kg, for Trial 1; and .51 and .46 kg, for Trial 2, for induced and control calves. No differences were found in calf death loss or health disorders between groups. Similar levels of serum gamma globulin were found for both groups at 0 (before sucking) and 3 days of age in both trials. No meaningful differences were found in total serum protein, albumin, and alpha and beta globulin levels in both trials. No differences were found at birth, in chest depth, shoulder width, head circumference, hip width, and wither height of calves.
Corixidae (Water Boatmen) Abundance And Contribution To Littoral Zone Fish Forage In Lake Poinsett, South Dakota, Richard Lee Applegate
Corixidae (Water Boatmen) Abundance And Contribution To Littoral Zone Fish Forage In Lake Poinsett, South Dakota, Richard Lee Applegate
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Corixids were sampled each week in littoral zone areas of Lake Poinsett during the open water seasons, April-October, in 1970, 1971, and 1972. Fish were sampled each week in littoral zone areas in 1970 and food habits studies were conducted to determine if fish predation would influence corixid population dynamics. Seven genera and 15 species of the family Corixidae were collected. Major indigenous species were Palmarcorixa buenoi Abbott, Trichocorixa borealis Sailer, Cenocorixa dakotensis (Hungerford), and Sigara conocephala (Hungerford). Species migrating to Lake Poinsett in the fall to overwinter were Sigara alternata (Say), S. solensis (Hungerford), S. bicoloripennis (Walley), Hesperocorixa vulgaris …
Improving Water Use Efficiency Of Smooth Bromegrass By Selecting For Regrowth, Delmer F. Gross
Improving Water Use Efficiency Of Smooth Bromegrass By Selecting For Regrowth, Delmer F. Gross
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sixty-nine genotypes, including 60 from the variety Saratoga smooth bromegrass, three from South Dakota 7 smooth bromegrass, and two each of reed canarygrass, orchardgrass, and creeping meadow foxtail as check species were selected for regrowth from a source nursery containing over 37,000 genotypes. In addition, four genotypes of Saratoga with poor regrowth capability were selected as checks. These 73 genotypes were placed in a greenhouse environment to evaluate digestibility (IVDMD), and other characteristics. After three harvests, 34 genotypes were vegetatively propagated in a field experiment to determine regrowth capabilities. NCE rates were not correlated highly with yield in the greenhouse …
The Effects Of Gestation Metabolizable Energy Levels On Sow Productivity And Hematology, George W. Libal
The Effects Of Gestation Metabolizable Energy Levels On Sow Productivity And Hematology, George W. Libal
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
It has been estimated that of the potential ova shed by the sow on1y about 55% result in live pigs born. Reproductive inefficiency can occur as a result of oversupplying or undersupplying energy. Since 1959, the National Research Council has reduced its listed energy requirements for the gravid sow considerably. The studies reported herein were conducted to evaluate metabolizable energy (ME) levels for gestating sows at and below the recommended levels and measure their effect on sow productivity as well as sow hematology at various stages of reproduction. Two experiments, each consisting of three trials, were conducted. Experiment 1, two …