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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Modeling The Effects Of Supercomplex Formation And Stress Response On Alzheimer’S Disease Progression, Morgan Griffin Shelton
Modeling The Effects Of Supercomplex Formation And Stress Response On Alzheimer’S Disease Progression, Morgan Griffin Shelton
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Alzheimer’s disease is a specific form of dementia characterized by the aggregation of Amyloid-β plaques and tau tangles. New research has found that the formation of these aggregates occurs after dysregulation of respiratory activity and the production of radical oxygen species. Proteomic data shows that these changes are also related to unique gene expression patterns. We investigate the impact of these findings on new therapeutic options via metabolic flux analysis of sirtuin stress response pathways and respiratory supercomplex formation. Our results indicate CRISPR Cas-based gene therapy focused on upregulating stable CIII expression, and protective changes in SIRT1 and AMPK expression …
Utilization Of Unnatural Amino Acids To Modulate Protein Structure And Function, John Halonski
Utilization Of Unnatural Amino Acids To Modulate Protein Structure And Function, John Halonski
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Proteins are capable of an astounding array of functions using only the 20 canonical amino acids; however, the ability to add new functional groups to the genetic code through the utilization of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) has greatly expanded our ability to study and manipulate proteins. By expanding the diversity of functional groups within proteins, a wide variety of applications in industry as well as in fields such as diagnostics, biochemistry, and materials science are now possible. These applications have further been expanded through the development and optimization of bioorthogonal reactions which can occur under physiological conditions with a high …
A Mathematical Model Of Tau Protein Hyperphosphorylation: The Effects Of Kinase Inhibitors As A Theoretical Alzheimer's Disease Therapy, Patrick Neil Blank
A Mathematical Model Of Tau Protein Hyperphosphorylation: The Effects Of Kinase Inhibitors As A Theoretical Alzheimer's Disease Therapy, Patrick Neil Blank
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Investigation Of Microwave Technologies For Biochemical Applications, Valerie Terynn Tripp
Investigation Of Microwave Technologies For Biochemical Applications, Valerie Terynn Tripp
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Studies Of Protein And Non-Protein Amino Acids Using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Justine Victoria Arrington
Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Studies Of Protein And Non-Protein Amino Acids Using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Justine Victoria Arrington
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Thermochemistry Of Amino Acids And Constrained Diamines, Erica Jane Tullo
Thermochemistry Of Amino Acids And Constrained Diamines, Erica Jane Tullo
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The gas-phase proton affinities of several highly basic amino acids and diamines were determined using the extended kinetic method in an ESI-quadrupole ion trap instrument. The non-protein amino acid L-canavanine is structurally related to L-arginine with an oxygen substituted for the terminal methylene group of L-arginine and is highly toxic to humans. The proton affinity of L-arginine, a protein amino acid, was determined to be 1036 kJ mol -1, whereas the proton affinity of L-canavanine was determined to be 1005 kJ mol-1. Thus, substitution of an oxyguanidino group for the guanidine group in L-arginine results in a large decrease in …
Reactive Sulfur: Redox Reactions Of Cysteines And Methionines In The Cytoskeletal Protein Tubulin, Tara Dawn Hagedorn
Reactive Sulfur: Redox Reactions Of Cysteines And Methionines In The Cytoskeletal Protein Tubulin, Tara Dawn Hagedorn
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Investigations Of The Fragmentation Spectra Of Dipeptides Containing Lysine And Its Non-Protein Amino Acid Homologs, Omar Hamdy
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Copepods And Heterotrophic Dinoflagellates In The Production Of Dissolved Organic Matter And Inorganic Nutrients, Grace Kathleen Saba
The Role Of Copepods And Heterotrophic Dinoflagellates In The Production Of Dissolved Organic Matter And Inorganic Nutrients, Grace Kathleen Saba
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Zooplankton play a key role in the cycling of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and inorganic nutrients. The factors that affect these processes, however, are not fully understood. I measured the effects of various diets on DOM and inorganic nutrient production by the copepod Acartia tonsa and the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Oxyrrhis marina, and explored the mechanisms of nutrient release from copepods. Copepods feeding on a mixed diet, the preferred diet of most copepods, had significantly lower dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonium (NH4+), and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) release rates compared to feeding on a carnivorous or herbivorous diet. Thus, copepod feeding …
Computational And Experimental Investigations Of Gas-Phase Thermodynamics Of Non-Protein Amino Acids, Ashley R. Janiga
Computational And Experimental Investigations Of Gas-Phase Thermodynamics Of Non-Protein Amino Acids, Ashley R. Janiga
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Identification And Quantification Of Polycyclic Musks And Methyl-Triclosan In Unknown Freshwater Fish Tissue Samples, Elizabeth Mara Jacobs
Identification And Quantification Of Polycyclic Musks And Methyl-Triclosan In Unknown Freshwater Fish Tissue Samples, Elizabeth Mara Jacobs
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Stable Isotope Dynamics In Summer Flounder Tissues, With Application To Dietary Assessments In Chesapeake Bay, Andre Buchheister
Stable Isotope Dynamics In Summer Flounder Tissues, With Application To Dietary Assessments In Chesapeake Bay, Andre Buchheister
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Stable isotope techniques were applied to summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus, in Chesapeake Bay to elucidate the relative importance of different prey groups on the growth and productivity of this species. Prior to field application, a laboratory diet-shift study was conducted to evaluate methodological assumptions and obtain necessary isotopic parameters. Specifically, the goals of the laboratory study were to 1) determine isotopic turnover rates and fractionations of δ13C and δ15N in liver, whole blood, and white muscle and 2) estimate the relative importance of growth and metabolic processes on isotopic turnover. Groups of captive juvenile summer flounder (130-255mm total length) were …
Cloning And Functional Characterization Of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1alpha Upstream Regions In Xenopus Laevis, Conor W. Sipe
Cloning And Functional Characterization Of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1alpha Upstream Regions In Xenopus Laevis, Conor W. Sipe
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Evolution And Analysis Of A Catalytically Effective Model Enzyme: The Importance Of Active Site Orientation And Tuned Conformational Fluctuations, G. S. Blair Williams
Evolution And Analysis Of A Catalytically Effective Model Enzyme: The Importance Of Active Site Orientation And Tuned Conformational Fluctuations, G. S. Blair Williams
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
A Dynamical Perspective On Enzymatic Catalysis, Shiying Shang
A Dynamical Perspective On Enzymatic Catalysis, Shiying Shang
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Environmental Stress In Hard Coral: Evaluating Lipid As An Indicator Of Sublethal Stress On Short Time Scales, David Harold Niebuhr
Environmental Stress In Hard Coral: Evaluating Lipid As An Indicator Of Sublethal Stress On Short Time Scales, David Harold Niebuhr
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Lipid quality was evaluated in Montastrea spp. under sediment- and heat-stressed conditions to evaluate lipid ratio as an indicator of sub-lethal stress on short time scales. The ratio of storage lipid (wax ester + triacylglyceride) to structural lipid (sterol esters + phospholipid) decreased significantly (0.25 to 0.14, p < 0.01) after experimental sedimentation. FAME analysis of colonies exposed to experimental sedimentation showed a reduction of the algal, 18:3(n-6) and 18:4(n-3), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in the polar lipid fraction. This loss of PUFA suggests a loss of algal membrane in sediment-stressed colonies. Lipid quality was similarly measured in M. faveolata over a 10-day period. Mean (n = 20) ratio of storage to structural lipid in M. faveolata dropped from 2.43 to a level of 0.98 immediately following a natural sedimentation event before recovering to levels of 1.4 and 2.9 on post-storm days 2 and 4, respectively. Colonies of M. annularis subject to heat-stress (35??C) exhibited no significant change in storage lipid ratio, while levels of Free Fatty Acids increased significantly from 0.012 (n = 22) to 0.156 mg lipid/g dry tissue (n = 22)(p < 0.05). FAME analysis of tissue lipids extracted from the heat-stressed colonies showed changes in the polar fraction, with significant decreases in the 18:3(n-6), 18:3(n-3), 18:4(n-3), 20:4(n-6) and 20:5(n-3) (p < 0.05) PUFA and subsequent significant increases in the saturated fatty acids, 16:0 and 18:0 (p < 0.05). These changes in lipid quantity and quality indicate possible oxidation and preferential digestion of zooxanthellar membranes. Stress experiments were repeated in M. annularis using VacutainerRTM blood collection tubes to collect micro-tissue samples without destroying skeleton of the sample colonies. A significant decrease in storage: structural lipid ratio after sedimentation was also detected using the micro-tissue technique. This study indicates that the relative abundance of lipid subclass components can indicate sub-lethal environmental stress, on short time scales, in M. annularis and M. faveolata. Furthermore, micro-tissue collection techniques permit repeated monitoring coral colonies to assess the manifestation of stress from first detection of impact at the cellular level to changes in community to changes in community structure detectable over longer time scales.
Determination Of Trace Levels Of Lead In Whole Blood By Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Leslie A. Sombers
Determination Of Trace Levels Of Lead In Whole Blood By Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Leslie A. Sombers
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Perkinsus Marinus Extracellular Proteases: Modulation Of Production By Environmental Factors And Effects On The Host Defense Parameters Of The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica, Kathleen A. Garreis
Perkinsus Marinus Extracellular Proteases: Modulation Of Production By Environmental Factors And Effects On The Host Defense Parameters Of The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica, Kathleen A. Garreis
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Nutrition And Feeding In Striped Bass Morone Saxatilis Larvae: Lipid And Fatty Acid Requirements And Microencapsulated Diets, Sureyya Ozkizilcik
Nutrition And Feeding In Striped Bass Morone Saxatilis Larvae: Lipid And Fatty Acid Requirements And Microencapsulated Diets, Sureyya Ozkizilcik
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
There has been a growing interest in the commercial aquaculture of striped bass, Morone saxatilis. Little is known, however, about the nutritional requirements and feeding physiology of striped bass larvae. The objectives of this study were (a) to evaluate the efficiency of the live food enrichment techniques in studying the nutritional requirements for polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), phospholipids and free amino acids, (b) to determine the ontogenetic changes of lipolytic enzymes, and (c) to develop a microencapsulated diet for striped bass larvae as full or partial replacement of live food. Three enrichment techniques, namely, microencapsulated fish oil, yeast/fish oil emulsion …
Uptake Routes Of Benzo[A]Pyrene In An Estuarine Killifish: Cytochrome P4501a Immunohistochemistry Using Whole Fish, Maria Karin Cochran
Uptake Routes Of Benzo[A]Pyrene In An Estuarine Killifish: Cytochrome P4501a Immunohistochemistry Using Whole Fish, Maria Karin Cochran
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Stripping And Reassembly Of The Yeast Vacuolar H+-Atpase Peripheral Protein Subunits, Heather R. Yarashus
Stripping And Reassembly Of The Yeast Vacuolar H+-Atpase Peripheral Protein Subunits, Heather R. Yarashus
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Evaluation Of A Technique To Quantify Lipids In Bivalve Larvae Crassostrea Virginica Gmelin, Using Nile Red And Epiflourescence Microscopy, Laura Liliana Castell Perez
Evaluation Of A Technique To Quantify Lipids In Bivalve Larvae Crassostrea Virginica Gmelin, Using Nile Red And Epiflourescence Microscopy, Laura Liliana Castell Perez
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Monooxygenase Induction And Lethality As Endpoints In Aquatic Toxicology, Daniel W. Sved
Monooxygenase Induction And Lethality As Endpoints In Aquatic Toxicology, Daniel W. Sved
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Spot, Leiostomus xanthurus, were exposed to suspended sediments (&\approx&20 mg/L) contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in a laboratory flow-through system to evaluate the applicability of hepatic ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) induction as an indicator of PAH exposure. PAH sources tested were coal-tar creosote (CTC), a low molecular weight fraction of creosote (LMWF), and a high molecular weight fraction of creosote (HMWF). A standard 96-h acute toxicity test was conducted to ensure that PAH concentrations tested in induction studies were sub-acutely toxic. The 96-h LC50 for spot was 1740 &\mu&g PAH/L (95% confidence interval = 1480-2060 &\mu&g PAH/L). The lowest concentration …
Immunological Identification Of A Centrin Homologue In The Red Alga Gracilaria Tikvahiae, Christopher Lee Dassler
Immunological Identification Of A Centrin Homologue In The Red Alga Gracilaria Tikvahiae, Christopher Lee Dassler
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Distribution Of The Heterogeneous Hemocyanin Subunits Of Callinestes Sapidus (Rathbun) Along A Salinity Gradient, Julie Sayre Rainer
Distribution Of The Heterogeneous Hemocyanin Subunits Of Callinestes Sapidus (Rathbun) Along A Salinity Gradient, Julie Sayre Rainer
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Selected Nitrogen-Containing Aromatic Compounds (Ncacs) On Physiological Properties In Escherichia Coli, W. James Catallo Iii
Effects Of Selected Nitrogen-Containing Aromatic Compounds (Ncacs) On Physiological Properties In Escherichia Coli, W. James Catallo Iii
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This research examined the effects of quinoline and 4-azafluorene on respiratory electron transport rate (ET), outer membrane permeability and topology, oxygen consumption, and viable cell density in Escherichia coli cell suspensions. ET was estimated spectrophotometrically using INT (2-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(p-nitrophenyl)-5-(phenyl)-2H-tetrazolium chloride, which is reduced in vivo to a red colored formazan (INTF). Both test compounds caused anomalous dose-response behavior in INT assays: in a defined window of doses, ET rates near or above the controls were observed. These doses showed altered INT reduction kinetics, decreased cellular oxygen demand, and decreased viable cell densities. Experiments with E. coli spheroplast preparations, gram(+) cells, and …
Structure And Function Of Crustacean Hemocyaninis, John Edwin Reese
Structure And Function Of Crustacean Hemocyaninis, John Edwin Reese
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Anion And Urea Sensitivity Of Three Elasmobranch Hemoglobins, David Allen Scholnick
Anion And Urea Sensitivity Of Three Elasmobranch Hemoglobins, David Allen Scholnick
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Localization Of A Camp-Dependent Protein Kinase In Ovarian Mitochondria, William Jameson Roberts
Localization Of A Camp-Dependent Protein Kinase In Ovarian Mitochondria, William Jameson Roberts
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Synthesis And Characterization Of Some Oxoperoxopolycarboxylato Vanadates (V) And Their Biochemical Significance, Myunghi Lee
Synthesis And Characterization Of Some Oxoperoxopolycarboxylato Vanadates (V) And Their Biochemical Significance, Myunghi Lee
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.