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Biology Faculty Publications

2001

Articles 1 - 15 of 15

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

High Frequency Of Extra-Pair Paternity In Eastern Kingbirds, Michael T. Murphy, Diane L. Rowe, Robert C. Fleischer, Paul G. Wolf Nov 2001

High Frequency Of Extra-Pair Paternity In Eastern Kingbirds, Michael T. Murphy, Diane L. Rowe, Robert C. Fleischer, Paul G. Wolf

Biology Faculty Publications

Genetic parentage in the socially monogamous and territorial Eastern Kingbird( Tyrannust tyrannus) was examined in a central New York population by multilocus DNA fingerprinting. Extra-pair young were identified in 60% (12 of 20) of nests. Of the 64 nestlings profiled, 42% were sired by extra-pair males, but no cases of conspecific brood parasitism were detected. These results are markedly different from a previous electrophoretic study of the same species in a Michigan population, which reported 39% of nestlings were unrelated to one (typically the mother, quasiparasitismo)r both (conspecificb roodp arasitism) of the putative parents. In the New York population, extra-pairp …

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Stem Morphology And Anatomy In Amaranthus L. (Amaranthaceae)—Taxonomic Significance, Mihai Costea, Darleen A. Demason Sep 2001

Stem Morphology And Anatomy In Amaranthus L. (Amaranthaceae)—Taxonomic Significance, Mihai Costea, Darleen A. Demason

Biology Faculty Publications

The range of variation within the genus Amaranthus L. (Amaranthaceae) is described for a number of stem characters including: morphology, epidermis, primary stem vasculature and mechanism of secondary growth. The results provide new characters (phyllotaxy, complexity of leaf vascular supply and relative amount of secondary growth) that support (1) a new infrageneric classification (subgenus Amaranthus vs subgenus Albersia (Kunth)Gren. & Dodr.), and (2) the separation within the “hybridus” complex of cultivated amaranths (A. caudatus L., A. cruentus L., and A. hypochondriacus L.) from their presumed wild ancestors (A. hybridus L. subsp. quitensis (Kunth) Costea & Carretero, …

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A Conserved Ubiquitin Ligase Of The Nuclear Envelope/Endoplasmic Reticulum That Functions In Both Er-Associated And Mat A2 Repressor Degradation, Rob Swanson Aug 2001

A Conserved Ubiquitin Ligase Of The Nuclear Envelope/Endoplasmic Reticulum That Functions In Both Er-Associated And Mat A2 Repressor Degradation, Rob Swanson

Biology Faculty Publications

Substrate discrimination in the ubiquitin–proteasome system is believed to be dictated by specific combinations of ubiquitin–protein ligases (E3s) and ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s). Here we identify Doa10/Ssm4 as a yeast E3 that is embedded in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/nuclear envelope yet can target the soluble transcription factor Mat2. Doa10 contains an unusual RING finger, which has ubiquitin-ligase activity in vitro and is essential in vivo for degradation of 2 via its Deg1 degradation signal. Doa10 functions with two E2s, Ubc6 and Ubc7, to ubiquitinate Deg1-bearing substrates, and it is also required for the degradation of at least one ER membrane protein. …

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Sustaining Biological Diversity In Early Successional Communities: The Challenge Of Managing Unpopular Habitats, Robert A. Askins Jul 2001

Sustaining Biological Diversity In Early Successional Communities: The Challenge Of Managing Unpopular Habitats, Robert A. Askins

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Wings Of Bombyx Mori Develop From Larval Discs Exhibiting An Early Differentiated State: A Preliminary Report, Madhuri Kango-Singh, Amit Singh, K. P. Gopinathan Jun 2001

The Wings Of Bombyx Mori Develop From Larval Discs Exhibiting An Early Differentiated State: A Preliminary Report, Madhuri Kango-Singh, Amit Singh, K. P. Gopinathan

Biology Faculty Publications

Lepidopteran insects present a complex organization of appendages which develop by various mechanisms. In the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori, a pair of meso- and meta-thoracic discs located on either side in the larvae gives rise to the corresponding fore- and hind-wings of the adult. These discs do not experience massive cell rearrangements during metamorphosis and display the adult wing vein pattern. We have analysed wing development in B. mori by two approaches, viz., expression of patterning genes in larval wing discs, and regulatory capacities of larval discs following explantation or perturbation. Expression of Nubbin is seen all over the presumptive …

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Salivary Acinar Cells From Aquaporin 5-Deficient Mice Have Decreased Membrane Water Permeability And Altered Cell Volume Regulation, Carissa M. Krane, James E. Melvin, Ha-Van Nguyen, Linda Richardson, Jennifer E. Towne, Thomas Doetschman, Anil G. Menon Jun 2001

Salivary Acinar Cells From Aquaporin 5-Deficient Mice Have Decreased Membrane Water Permeability And Altered Cell Volume Regulation, Carissa M. Krane, James E. Melvin, Ha-Van Nguyen, Linda Richardson, Jennifer E. Towne, Thomas Doetschman, Anil G. Menon

Biology Faculty Publications

Aquaporins (AQPs) are channel proteins that regulate the movement of water through the plasma membrane of secretory and absorptive cells in response to osmotic gradients. In the salivary gland, AQP5 is the major aquaporin expressed on the apical membrane of acinar cells. Previous studies have shown that the volume of saliva secreted by AQP5-deficient mice is decreased, indicating a role for AQP5 in saliva secretion; however, the mechanism by which AQP5 regulates water transport in salivary acinar cells remains to be determined. Here we show that the decreased salivary flow rate and increased tonicity of the saliva secreted byAqp5 …

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A Common Pattern Of Somite Cell Rotation In Three Species Of Pipidae, Shou-Yuan Fan, Rafael O. De Sá, Gary P. Radice Mar 2001

A Common Pattern Of Somite Cell Rotation In Three Species Of Pipidae, Shou-Yuan Fan, Rafael O. De Sá, Gary P. Radice

Biology Faculty Publications

During amphibian somitogenesis, presumptive myotome cells change shape from round or polygonal to elongated and aligned parallel to the notochord (for reviews see Radice, et al., 1989; Keller, 2000). Although the final orientation of myotomal cells is always axial, the movements that achieve this final arrangement can differ greatly between species. The simplest movement is that seen in Bombina variegata, Pelobates fuscus, and Bufo bufo (Brustis et al., 1976; Brustis, 1979; Kielbowna, 1981 ). In these anurans, after segmentation myotomal cells simply elongate along the embryo’s anteroposterior axis. The urodeles Ambystoma mexicanum and Pleurodeles waltl have a very different pattern; …

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Chondrocranium And Visceral Skeleton Of Atelopus Tricolor And Atelophryniscus Chrysophorus, E O. Lavilla, Rafael O. De Sá Jan 2001

Chondrocranium And Visceral Skeleton Of Atelopus Tricolor And Atelophryniscus Chrysophorus, E O. Lavilla, Rafael O. De Sá

Biology Faculty Publications

Atelopus tricolor and Atelophryniscus chrysophorus have gastromyzophorous tadpoles. Aside from specific differences, the larval chondrocrania and visceral skeletons show several shared character states, including an almost quadrangular, open chondrocranium , cornua trabeculae with expanded tips, cartilago suprarostralis as a single element, a posteriorly projected arcus subocularis quadrati, a closed muscular tunnel, and a simplified branchial basket, with only three pairs of ceratobranchiales. They are compared with diverse character states of suctorial larvae considering them as causally related to the stream life adaptations.

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Aquaporin 5-Deficient Mouse Lungs Are Hyperresponsive To Cholinergic Stimulation, Carissa M. Krane, Christopher N. Fortner, Arthur R. Hand, Dennis W. Mcgraw, John N. Lorenz, Susan E. Wert, Jennifer E. Towne, Richard J. Paul, Jeffrey A. Whitsett, Anil G. Menon Jan 2001

Aquaporin 5-Deficient Mouse Lungs Are Hyperresponsive To Cholinergic Stimulation, Carissa M. Krane, Christopher N. Fortner, Arthur R. Hand, Dennis W. Mcgraw, John N. Lorenz, Susan E. Wert, Jennifer E. Towne, Richard J. Paul, Jeffrey A. Whitsett, Anil G. Menon

Biology Faculty Publications

Although aquaporin 5 (AQP5) is the major water channel expressed in alveolar type I cells in the lung, its actual role in the lung is a matter of considerable speculation. By using immunohistochemical staining, we show that AQP5 expression in mouse lung is not restricted to type I cells, but is also detected in alveolar type II cells, and in tracheal and bronchial epithelium. Aqp5 knockout (Aqp5−/−) mice were used to analyze AQP5 function in pulmonary physiology. Compared with Aqp5+/+ mice, Aqp5−/− mice show a significantly increased concentration-dependent bronchoconstriction to intravenously administered Ach, as shown by …

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Hawaiian Freshwater Polychaeta: A Potentially Substantial Trophic Component Of Stream Depositional Habitats, M. Eric Benbow, Albert J. Burky, Carl M. Way Jan 2001

Hawaiian Freshwater Polychaeta: A Potentially Substantial Trophic Component Of Stream Depositional Habitats, M. Eric Benbow, Albert J. Burky, Carl M. Way

Biology Faculty Publications

In this paper we report the widespread occurrence of large annelids (Polychaeta: Nereididae) in Hawaiian stream depositional habitats, drawing attention to the lack of knowledge of Hawaiian stream energetics. Specimens of Namalycastis sp. were collected from five Hawaiian Islands from May–July 1995 and from the island of Maui from July–December 1999 and April–July 2000. Most specimens collected were N. hawaiiensis, while two specimens of N. abiuma were collected from a single site on the island of Molokai. Specimens were collected from elevations ranging from 3–240 m; several collections were from sites above at least one major (> 15 m …

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Effects Of Recording Media On Echolocation Data From Broadband Bat Detectors, Ethan P. White, S. D. Gehrt Jan 2001

Effects Of Recording Media On Echolocation Data From Broadband Bat Detectors, Ethan P. White, S. D. Gehrt

Biology Faculty Publications

Bat detectors are an important tool for ecological studies of bats. However, the quality and quantity of data may be affected by the recording devices used to record the output from the detector. We compared recordings of bat activity from audiocassette recorders and computers. Numbers of calls/hour, passes/hour, identifiable passes/hour, and feeding buzzes/hour were similar (all P’s > 0.1) between recording devices. All call characteristics, except for the minimum frequency and characteristic frequency, differed (P < 0.05) between tapes and computers. Species identification with discriminate function analysis was less reliable with tape data than with computer data, particularly when the model built with computer-recorded reference calls was tested with tape-recorded calls. Therefore, we suggest when tape recorders are used for field recording that they also are used to record reference calls.

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A Critical Evaluation Of Research Techniques In Animal Ecology, Michelle A. Baker Jan 2001

A Critical Evaluation Of Research Techniques In Animal Ecology, Michelle A. Baker

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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High Frequency Of Extra-Pair Paternity In Eastern Kingbirds, D. L. Rowe, M. T. Murphy, R. C. Feischer, Paul G. Wolf Jan 2001

High Frequency Of Extra-Pair Paternity In Eastern Kingbirds, D. L. Rowe, M. T. Murphy, R. C. Feischer, Paul G. Wolf

Biology Faculty Publications

Genetic parentage in the socially monogamous and territorial Eastern Kingbird( Tyrannust tyrannus) was examined in a central New York population by multilocus DNA fingerprinting. Extra-pair young were identified in 60% (12 of 20) of nests. Of the 64 nestlings profiled, 42% were sired by extra-pair males, but no cases of conspecific brood parasitism were detected. These results are markedly different from a previous electrophoretic study of the same species in a Michigan population, which reported 39% of nestlings were unrelated to one (typically the mother, quasiparasitismo)r both (conspecificb roodp arasitism) of the putative parents. In the New York population, extra-pairp …

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Rna Binding Domain Of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase, Cary Lai, James R. Mitchell, Kathleen Collins Jan 2001

Rna Binding Domain Of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase, Cary Lai, James R. Mitchell, Kathleen Collins

Biology Faculty Publications

Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase that extends the ends of chromosomes. The two telomerase subunits essential for catalysis in vitro are the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and the telomerase RNA. Using truncations and site-specific mutations, we identified sequence elements of TERT and telomerase RNA required for catalytic activity and protein-RNA interaction for Tetrahymena thermophila telomerase. We found that the TERT amino and carboxyl termini, although evolutionarily poorly conserved, are nonetheless important for catalytic activity. In contrast, high-affinity telomerase RNA binding requires only a small region in the amino terminus of TERT. Surprisingly, the TERT region necessary and sufficient for …

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Density-Dependent Invariance, Dimensionless Life-Histories And The Energy-Equivalence Rule, E. L. Charnov, J. P. Haskell, S.K. Morgan Ernest Jan 2001

Density-Dependent Invariance, Dimensionless Life-Histories And The Energy-Equivalence Rule, E. L. Charnov, J. P. Haskell, S.K. Morgan Ernest

Biology Faculty Publications

It is suggested that Damuth’s ‘energy-equivalence rule’ for mammal populations follows from a particular population dynamics invariance rule, one which leads to similar population dynamics when various species are viewed in a particular density and rate-of-change space.

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