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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Evidence Of Strong Stabilizing Effects On The Evolution Of Boreoeutherian (Mammalia) Dental Proportions, Tesla A. Monson, Jean-Renaud Boisserie, Marianne F. Brasil, Selene M. Clay, Rena Dvoretzky, Shruti Ravindramurthy, Christopher A. Schmitt, Antoine Souron, Risa Takenaka, Peter S. Ungar, Sunwoo Yoo, Michael Zhou, Madeleine E. Zuercher, Leslea J. Hlusko
Evidence Of Strong Stabilizing Effects On The Evolution Of Boreoeutherian (Mammalia) Dental Proportions, Tesla A. Monson, Jean-Renaud Boisserie, Marianne F. Brasil, Selene M. Clay, Rena Dvoretzky, Shruti Ravindramurthy, Christopher A. Schmitt, Antoine Souron, Risa Takenaka, Peter S. Ungar, Sunwoo Yoo, Michael Zhou, Madeleine E. Zuercher, Leslea J. Hlusko
Anthropology Faculty and Staff Publications
The dentition is an extremely important organ in mammals with variation in timing and sequence of eruption, crown morphology, and tooth size enabling a range of behavioral, dietary, and functional adaptations across the class. Within this suite of variable mammalian dental phenotypes, relative sizes of teeth reflect variation in the underlying genetic and developmental mechanisms. Two ratios of postcanine tooth lengths capture the relative size of premolars to molars (premolar–molar module, PMM), and among the three molars (molar module component, MMC), and are known to be heritable, independent of body size, and to vary significantly across primates. Here, we explore …
Using Machine Learning To Classify Extant Apes And Interpret The Dental Morphology Of The Chimpanzee-Human Last Common Ancestor, Tesla A. Monson, David W. Armitage, Leslea J. Hlusko
Using Machine Learning To Classify Extant Apes And Interpret The Dental Morphology Of The Chimpanzee-Human Last Common Ancestor, Tesla A. Monson, David W. Armitage, Leslea J. Hlusko
Anthropology Faculty and Staff Publications
Machine learning is a formidable tool for pattern recognition in large datasets. We developed and expanded on these methods, applying machine learning pattern recognition to a problem in paleoanthropology and evolution. For decades, paleontologists have used the chimpanzee as a model for the chimpanzee-human last common ancestor (LCA) because they are our closest living primate relative. Using a large sample of extant and extinct primates, we tested the hypothesis that machine learning methods can accurately classify extant apes based on dental data. We then used this classification tool to observe the affinities between extant apes and Miocene hominoids. We assessed …
Environmental Selection During The Last Ice Age On The Mother-To-Infant Transmission Of Vitamin D And Fatty Acids Through Breast Milk, Leslea J. Hlusko, Joshua P. Carlson, George Chaplin, Scott A. Elias, John F. Hoffecker, Michaela Huffman, Nina G. Jablonski, Tesla A. Monson, Dennis H. O'Rourke, Marin A. Pilloud, G. Richard Scott
Environmental Selection During The Last Ice Age On The Mother-To-Infant Transmission Of Vitamin D And Fatty Acids Through Breast Milk, Leslea J. Hlusko, Joshua P. Carlson, George Chaplin, Scott A. Elias, John F. Hoffecker, Michaela Huffman, Nina G. Jablonski, Tesla A. Monson, Dennis H. O'Rourke, Marin A. Pilloud, G. Richard Scott
Anthropology Faculty and Staff Publications
Because of the ubiquitous adaptability of our material culture, some human populations have occupied extreme environments that intensified selection on existing genomic variation. By 32,000 years ago, people were living in Arctic Beringia, and during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 28,000–18,000 y ago), they likely persisted in the Beringian refugium. Such high latitudes provide only very low levels of UV radiation, and can thereby lead to dangerously low levels of biosynthesized vitamin D. The physiological effects of vitamin D deficiency range from reduced dietary absorption of calcium to a compromised immune system and modified adipose tissue function. The ectodysplasin A …
Materials Collected By The Southern Branch Of The Uc Africa Expedition With A Report On Previously Unpublished Plio-Pleistocene Fossil Localities, Tesla A. Monson, Marianne F. Brasil, Leslea J. Hlusko
Materials Collected By The Southern Branch Of The Uc Africa Expedition With A Report On Previously Unpublished Plio-Pleistocene Fossil Localities, Tesla A. Monson, Marianne F. Brasil, Leslea J. Hlusko
Anthropology Faculty and Staff Publications
From 1947 to 1948, paleontologists from the University of California Museum of Paleontology (UCMP), Charles Camp and Frank Peabody, led the southern branch of the University of California’s Africa Expedition. While in South Africa, Camp and Peabody collected thousands of specimens excavated from more than 70 sites, 40 of which make up the Plio-Pleistocene South African assemblage at the UCMP. Materials collected by researchers accompanying the expedition are held at numerous repositories on the University of California Berkeley campus including the UCMP, the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (MVZ), the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology and the University of California’s …