Life Sciences Commons^™

Alterations In Sulfolipid Metabolism In Malathion-Stressed Rats, Gail W. Disney

Doctoral Dissertations

The effects of malathion stress on, inorganic sulfur metabolism in female rats were investigated by extracting macromolecules containing ester sulfate from cellular lipoprotein. Sulfolipid, mucopoly saccharide, nucleotide, and sulfate transfer fraction were extracted from the lipoprotein prepared from five to seven pooled livers from rats fed diets containing 0.42, 0.10, and 0.0002 percent sulfate. Six groups of rats (two groups per diet) were fed the diets for 21 days. Rats were given either malathion in corn oil or only corn oil by stomach tube every 24 hours for three days and were killed on day 21. Lipoprotein was isolated from …

A Biosystematic Study Of Heterotheca Section Pityopsis, Frank D. Bowers

Doctoral Dissertations

A biosystematic study of the section Pityopsis of the genus Heterotheca was undertaken. Cytological, morphological, chromatographic, and hybridization studies were utilized to provide a basis for taxonomic treatment of the taxa. The species were divided into two broad groups; the Heterotheca graminifolia group (H. adenolepis, H. aspera, H. graminifolia, H. microcephala var. microcephala and var. aequilifolia, and H. oligantha) and the H. pinifolia group (H. falcata, H. flexuosa, H. pinifolia, and H. ruthii) Heterotheca ruthii appears to be intermediate between the two groups and is closely related to H. oligantha.

Cytology indicates the diploid species (N=9) …

Comparative Hematology During Deficiencies Of Iron And Vitamin A In The Weanling Rats, Cing-Ya Chiao

Masters Theses

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of feeding male, weanling rats diets which were deficient in both vitamin A and iron on hematologic parameters.

The hematologic parameters which were measured were hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit values, red blood cell counts and cellular morphology of the blood smears as well as the level of iron stored in the liver.

In the first experiment, it was found that rats with iron and vitamin A deficiency, not only had higher hemoglobin and hematocrit values as well as higher red blood cell counts. They also had higher levels of iron in …

An Evaluation Of Control Techniques For The European Wild Hog (Sus Scrofa) In The Great Smoky Mountains National Park Of Tennessee, James Ronald Fox

Masters Theses

The present study was conducted within the Tennessee portion of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The major objectives of this study were to evaluate techniques currently being utilized by the National Park Service for the control of the European wild hog (Sus scrofa) and possibly formulate improved methods of control.

From February, 1971, through February, 1972, a monthly program of live trapping and direct reduction was conducted within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Five types of live traps were evaluated. Three methods of direct reduction of free-roaming wild hogs were also evaluated. In addition to the …

Problem A: Characteristics Of Knox County Beef Producers And Their Farms; Problem B: Management Practices Of Knox County Beef Producers; Problem C: Factors Influencing Beef Management Practice Adoption By Knox County Beef Producers, Clyde N. Taylor

Masters Theses

PROBLEM A: CHARACTERISTICS OF KNOX COUNTY BEEF PRODUCERS AND THEIR FARMS

This study was conducted in Knox County, Tennessee for the purpose of determining selected characteristics of beef producers and their farms. The study was based on a survey-type interview and reflects information for developing a county plan of action. The producers were interviewed and then classified in low, medium and high groups, depending on the number of pounds of beef sold per cow in 1970. Main comparisons were between high and low categories.

Major findings indicated that cattlemen interviewed in Knox County had the following characteristics: (1) 71 percent …

Myoglobin Content And Color Of Raw Pork Loin Roasts As Affected By Freezing At Two Rates, Jane Shellabarger Nocito

Masters Theses

Longissimus dorsi and psoas major muscles from fresh and frozen paired pork loin roasts were evaluated for myoglobin content and color reflectance. One of each paired roast was analyzed fresh and the other analyzed after freezing and thawing. Myoglobin in the thaw drip from frozen roasts was measured, also. Two freezing rates were tested: fast freezing in an air blast freezer at -27° to -29°C and slow freezing in a home freezer at -18°C. Roasts were stored for 28 days before thawing.

Myoglobin in the longissimus dorsi was significantly (P < 0.001) lower than in psoas major muscle. Less myoglobin (P < 0.05) was found in fresh than frozen thawed roasts; but there was no difference (P > 0.05) in myoglobin content associated with freezing rate. Apparently, myoglobin …

Field Studies Of Selected Pathogens For The Control Of The Corn Earworm, Heliothis Zea Boddie, W. Robert Tilyard Jr.

Masters Theses

Tests conducted at the University of Tennessee were designed to compare the control results of the corn earworm by three different pathogens and a standard chemical insecticide. Also, some methods of application were tested. The pathogens tested were a bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, a nuclear polyhedrosis virus specific for Heliothis zea, and the nematode, DD-136.

The treatments were applied under field conditions directly to the ears of corn.

The results indicated that general effectiveness is based on how accessible the pathogens are to the earworm larvae. Best control was accomplished by a treatment using a virus-nematode combination. That treatment …

The Hazards Of Secondary Poisoning From Zinc Phosphide To Selected Vertebrate Species, Herbert B. Bell

Masters Theses

The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the effects of weather upon toxicity of grains treated with zinc phosphide, (2) the acceptance by prairie voles of weathered bait, (3) the LD₅₀ of zinc phosphide on selected rodent species, and (4) the potential hazard of secondary poisoning to predators fed prey poisoned with zinc phosphide.

The rate of loss of zinc phosphide from the bait vehicle was significantly greater during the first week of exposure than in the succeeding three weeks; approximately 34 and 31 percent of the toxic material was lost in April and November, respectively, during …

Geographic Variation In The Primary Burrowing Crayfish, Cambarus Dubius Faxon And Cambarus Carolinus (Erichson) (Decapoda: Astacidae) In Tennessee With Notes On Ecology And Life History, Joel P. Dewees

Masters Theses

An investigation of Cambarus dubius and Cambarus carolinus was made in Tennessee to evaluate morphological Variation found in populations of these species and to determine aspects of life history and ecology. Taxonomic position and history of C. carolinus and C. dubius was reviewed and discussed. Three clines or possible subspecies in C. dubius were indicated in Tennessee based on both qualitative and quantitative evidence including: width and length of areola, shape and size of chelae, rostrum, central projection, mesial process, and color.

C. dubius populations from northern West Virginia and southern Pennsylvania were significantly different from populations to the south. …

X-Ray-Induced Specific-Locus Mutation Rates In Newborn And Young Mice, Paul Bruce Selby

Doctoral Dissertations

The specific-locus mutation frequency resulting from 300 R of acute X irradiation has been determined for the germ cells present in male mice at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days of age and also for female mice at 0 days of age, Sample size was much larger for the males irradiated on day 0 than for other age groups but in all groups it was large enough to insure that an extremely high rate would be noticed. At 35 days of age the testis is histologically similar to that of the adult. It was …

A Contribution To The Knowledge Of Tennessee Crayfish, Raymond William Bouchard

Doctoral Dissertations

The state of Tennessee has 60 nominal species or sub-species of crayfish within its political boundary or in nearby tributaries that flow into the state. These crayfish reresent five genera. The genera Procambarus and Cambarus are further subdivided into subgenera to show phylogenetic relationships within the genus. Each species is listed under its generic or infrageneric category with the following information: (1) type locality, (2) location of type specimens, (3) range, (4) crayfish associates, (5) life history notes, (6) ecological data, and as needed (7) notes on taxonomic status or information not covered in any of the above six sections. …

Utilization Of Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Iron, And Protein By Pregnant Women Consuming Self-Chosen Diets With Or Without Vitamin, Mineral Supplements, Jessie Russell Ashe

Doctoral Dissertations

The utilization of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, and nitrogen in 10 healthy pregnant women consuming self-selected diets was investigated. Seven-day balance experiments, conducted under ordinary home conditions, were spaced periodically throughout the duration of the pregnancy. A multiple vitamin-mineral supplement provided part of the calcium and iron intake of some subjects; others received their total mineral intake from food sources. Seven of the 10 subjects also completed a seven-day balance period within three to 11 weeks post partum.

The calcium intake of pregnant women with a balanced diet including dairy products was sufficient without supplementation of calcium. The magnesium intake …

The Effects Of Dietary Free Radical Inhibitors And Feed Restriction On Age Associated Biochemical Parameter And Lifespan Of Akr Male Mice, Salma Fidaali Halai

Doctoral Dissertations

The effects of dietary free radical inhibitors and of feed restriction on selected age associated biochemical parameters and on life span of AKR male mice were investigated. The control animals (n = 58) were fed a nutritionally adequate basal diet ad libitum; the restricted mice (n = 40) were allowed the basal diet 15 hours out of every 48 hours; the BHT (n = 40) and the vitamin E mice (n = 40) were fed the basal diet containing either 3 meq of butylated hydroxytoluene (0.33%) or dl-α-tocopheryl acetate (0.71%), respectively, per 100 g of feed.

One-half of the …

Thermal Conductivity And Related Properties Of Heated Ground Pectoral Turkey Muscles, Zoe Ann Holmes

Doctoral Dissertations

Thermal conductivity, in association with characteristics of the thermodynamic medium at the food surface, establishes heat flow at the food boundary and reflects the transient properties meat has undergone during temperature change. The purpose of this research was to design and build an apparatus to measure thermal conductivity and to study some of the transient properties of ground pectoral turkey muscles.

Ground turkey pectoral muscles were heated in 9 increments from 77 to 185°F and held at end point temperature for 0 to 15 minutes. Thermal conductivity was calculated directly from data or indirectly by solving for diffusivity and then …

Rooting And Wallowing Activities Of The European Wild Hog (Sus Scrofa) In The Mountains Of East Tennessee, Robert Christopher Belden

Masters Theses

European wild hog rooting and wallowing were studied in the mountains of East Tennessee in order to determine its seasonal, ecological, and altitudinal occurrence and extent.

From April, 1971, through March, 1972, the monthly occurrence and extent of European wild hog rooting and wallowing at different elevations and in different vegetation types were studied along established trails, and roads in three watersheds in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (65.7 miles) and in three watersheds in the Tellico Wildlife Management Area, Cherokee National Forest (34.4 miles).

European wild hog rooting and wallowing were found to occur most frequently and most …

An Analysis Of The Field Experience With The Florida Division Of Health, Charlotte Ann Mcdowell

Masters Theses

The seven-week field experience was designed to increase the student's understanding of public health. She was also to develop her awareness of factors which affect public health program planning and the coordination of the roles of the public health nutritionist with the roles of other health workers.

These objectives were achieved through observation and participation in the program of the Nutrition Section of the Florida Division of Health. A review of environmental influences, health-related statistics, and the existing administrative structures of the Division of Health and the Nutrition Section was related to health program planning. The professional characteristics of the …

Observations And Experiences With The Nutrition Section Of The North Carolina State Board Of Health, Carol Jane Swartz

Masters Theses

This thesis describes and analyzes the programs of the Nutrition Section as it appeared to the student during her field experience with the North Carolina State Board of Health. The experiences were planned to further develop the student's skills and potentials in the field of public health nutrition. It enabled her to apply her knowledge and abilities within the framework of a major health agency, to learn of the role of the Nutrition Section in relation to the State Board of Health, to interact with professional colleagues, and to increase her professional stature and confidence.

Through these activities the student …

Field Observations And Experiences In The Division Of Nutrition--Pennsylvania Department Of Health, Amy Jeanece Seals

Masters Theses

In order to make nutrition education really effective, academic theories must be related to practical applications. The seven week field experience with the Division of Nutrition, Pennsylvania Department of Health provided this opportunity.

The student observed and participated in a variety of activities planned to orient her to the operation of a well developed nutrition program. The interrelationships of the nutrition program to the health department and the other health agencies in the community was also observed. Through conferences with health professionals, selected readings, and field observations in the health department and other health care facilities, the student gained an …

Thermal Characteristics Of Ground Pectoralis Secundus Turkey Muscle, Connie Lynn Lazure

Masters Theses

Thermal conductivity and diffusivity of ground turkey pectoralis secundus muscle were investigated using a line-source apparatus modified to allow determinations upon the sample during transient heating. Samples (51.5g) were heated in a water jacketed cylinder at and to end points of 77, 95, 113, 131, 149, 167, and 185^oF and subjected to holding times of 0 or 15 min. The relationship between thermal properties and moisture factors including total moisture, cooking loss, and expressible moisture index was investigated.

Thermal conductivity values were similar for samples heated at and to temperatures between 77 and 167^oF but tended …

Rooting And Wallowing Activities Of The European Wild Hog (Sus Scrofa) In The Mountains Of East Tennessee, Robert Christopher Belden

Masters Theses

European wild hog rooting and wallowing were studied in the mountains of East Tennessee in order to determine its seasonal, ecological, and altitudinal occurrence and extent.

From April, 1971, through March, 1972, the monthly occurrence and extent of European wild hog rooting and wallowing at different elevations and in different vegetation types were studied along established trails, cross-country trails, and roads in three watersheds in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (65.7 miles) and in three watersheds in the Tellico Wildlife Management Area, Cherokee National Forest (34.4 miles).

European wild hog rooting and wallowing were found to occur most frequently …

A Field Experience In Public Health Nutrition In Florida, Wanda Meers Venable

Masters Theses

This thesis describes and analyzes the observations and experiences of the student nutritionist during eight weeks of field training with the Nutrition Section in the Division of the Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services. Supervision was provided by public health nutritionists in Jacksonville at the state level, in the region around Tallahassee, and in Escambia County. The field experience was planned to supplement the student's academic training. In addition, an opportunity was provided for the student to assess the role of nutrition in public health by participation in public health programs.

Information was obtained on the history, organization, and …

Field Training With The Nutrition Section Of The Division Of Health, Wisconsin Department Of Health And Social Services, Linda Lane Smith

Masters Theses

This paper is based on objectives accomplished during seven weeks of field training with the Nutrition Section of the Division of Health, Wisconsin Department of Health and Social Services. These objectives included studying the organization and function of the Nutrition Section, developing consultation techniques, identifying areas for professional development, and further defining a philosophy of public health.

Characteristics influencing health programs in Wisconsin, the organization of the Division of Health and the Nutrition Section, and the functions of the district nutritionist are discussed. Reviewing this material aided the student in her study of the nutrition program as a component of …

Field Experiences With The Office Of Nutrition, Department Of Health Nassau County, New York, Suzanne Repnicki

Masters Theses

This report is based upon observations and experiences during seven weeks with the Office of Nutrition, Nassau County Department of Health. The purpose of the field training was to supplement academic experience in public health nutrition at the University of Tennessee.

A gamut of experiences aided the student in her study of the function of the Office of Nutrition in the official health agency and in the community. Information was obtained pertaining to the physical, social, economic, and political climate in relation to the health needs of the county residents. Observation and participation in a variety of activities increased the …

Dry Matter And Nutrient Dynamics In Red Spruce-Fraser Fir And Yellow Birch Ecosystems In The Balsam Mountains, Western North Carolina, George T. Weaver

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: The present study seeks to estimate and compare rates of annual net primary production and flux of four macronutrients in contrasting high elevation Pica rubens-Abies fraseri (spruce-fir) and Betula lutea (yellow birch) ecosystems and to relate variations of net production and nutrient flux to certain site and stand structural parameters. The study was conducted at elevations between 1524 and 1954 meters in the Balsam Mountains of Western North Carolina. Biomass and pools of calcium, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus were determined in each of five vegetational strata, the forest floor, and the solum. Net production of dry matter and nutrient …

Population Changes In Tennessee From 1930 To 1970, University Of Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station, Frank O. Leuthold

Bulletins

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of The Number Of Pigs Per Pen On The Performance Of Growing-Finishing Swine, John Hodges Iii

Masters Theses

Data collected on 140 market hogs at the Knoxville Experiment Station, Knoxville, Tennessee, were used to determine the effect of the number of pigs per pen on performance of growing-finishing swine. In Trial I pigs were fed for an average of 108 days and in Trial II pigs were fed for an average of 91 days. In both trials pigs were fed in groups of 4, 6, 8, or 10 pigs per pen with space allowances of 23.8 square feet, 15.8 square feet, 11.9 square feet, or 9.5 square feet per pig, respectively.

Average daily gains in Trial I were …

Problem A: Characteristics Of Marshall County Beef Producers And Their Farms; Problem B: Management Practices Of Marshall County Beef Producers; Problem C: Factors Influencing Beef Management Practice Adoption By Marshall County Beef Producers, Lester Ray Brewer

Masters Theses

PROBLEM A: CHARACTERISTICS OF MARSHALL COUNTY BEEF PRODUCERS AND THEIR FARMS

This study was made in Marshall County, Tennessee, to determine the characteristics of Marshall County Beef producers and their farms. The study was based on a survey-type interview and reflects information for developing a county plan of action. The producers were classified into low, medium, and high groups, depending on the number of pounds of beef sold per cow in 1970.

A close analysis indicates that cattlemen interviewed in Marshall County had the following characteristics: (1) 60 percent were considered friendly toward the survey; (2) 58 percent were full-time …

Development Of Standard Times For Work Modules Used In Quantity Food Production, Nadine E. Smith

Masters Theses

Reduction of costs and continuous cost control is a necessary element in modern food service industries. This study explored the application of time and motion techniques to the production of roast beef sandwiches in volume to establish standard times. For this purpose each specific task was divided into work elements whose beginning and ending points were easily recognized. Continuous stop-watch timing was used for the data collection of work performed by one person.

Standard times were determined for each element and each task. Sequential time data were plotted graphically to illustrate the learning curve demonstrated in representative work elements. A …

The Effect Of Leucine On The Activity Of Three Enzymes In The Kynurenine Pathway Of Tryptophan Metabolism In The Rat, Barbara Elaine Blackwelder

Masters Theses

The effect of adding a mixture of indispensable amino acids simulating zein, with or without leucine, to a basal 6 percent casein, niacin-free diet on weight gain, feed consumption, and activity of kynurenine hydroxylase, 3-hydroxykynureninase, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic oxidase, three enzymes involved in the tryptophan to niacin pathway, was investigated. Three groups of Sprague-Dawley-Long Evans rats were fed one of the experimental diets for two weeks. Livers from each rat were removed and analyzed for the activity of the three enzymes under investigation.

The data obtained indicated that there were no significant differences in weight gain and feed consumption between rats …

Some Hematological And Serum Biochemical Parameters Of European Wild Hogs (Sus Scrofa), Michael John Williamson

Masters Theses

Blood samples were obtained from 70 European wild hogs (Sus scrofa), of which 33 were live-trapped in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park and 37 were reared in captivity on farms which were geographically proximal to the mountains.

Anticoagulated blood was analyzed for erythrocyte sedimentation rate, red blood cell count, white blood cell count (total and differential), pack cell volume, hemoglobin concentration and platelet count. The values for mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin were calculated. Sera were analyzed for chloride, potassium, sodium, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, total serum protein, albumin, alpha, beta and gamma globulins. The …