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- Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science (16)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 49
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Performance Tests 2009, D. G. Dombeck, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge, R. M. Pryor
Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Performance Tests 2009, D. G. Dombeck, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge, R. M. Pryor
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
Corn and grain sorghum performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. The tests provide information to companies marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating recommendations for producers.
Economic Contribution Of The Agricultural Sector To The Arkansas Economy In 2007 And Revised Estimates For 2006, Nathan Kemper, Jennie Popp, Wayne Miller
Economic Contribution Of The Agricultural Sector To The Arkansas Economy In 2007 And Revised Estimates For 2006, Nathan Kemper, Jennie Popp, Wayne Miller
Research Reports and Research Bulletins
This report is the fourth in a series of reports examining agriculture’s economic contribution on the Arkansas economy. Utilizing data from the United States Bureau of Economic Analysis, USDA Economics Research Service, USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, and Minnesota IMPLAN Group, Inc., the economic contribution of agriculture on the Arkansas economy was estimated for the most recent year available, 2007. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State information for Arkansas was compared with those of other states in the southeast U.S. to give a measure of the relative importance of agriculture in Arkansas. The total economic contribution of agriculture (direct, indirect, …
Evaluation Of Best Management Practices To Reduce Nutrients Runoff In Watersheds In Arkansas, Hector German Rodriguez Diaz
Evaluation Of Best Management Practices To Reduce Nutrients Runoff In Watersheds In Arkansas, Hector German Rodriguez Diaz
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
There are many non point sources (NPS) of pollution issues across the state of Arkansas. Each region of the state has different concerns. Many watersheds have been included in the Arkansas's 2008 303(d) list for NPS impairments with sediment and nutrients being the primary causes of concern. This research hypothesized that there are no cost or net returns risks when adopting best management practices (BMPs) to control nutrients runoff and that selection, timing, placement and cost have no impact on the implementation of BMPs. Using two priority watersheds, the L'Anguille River and the Lincoln Lake, as examples, the environmental benefits …
Applications Of Variable Number Tandem Repeat Genotyping In The Validation Of An Animal Medical Model And Gene Flow Studies In Threatened Populations Of Reptiles, Candace D. Smith
Applications Of Variable Number Tandem Repeat Genotyping In The Validation Of An Animal Medical Model And Gene Flow Studies In Threatened Populations Of Reptiles, Candace D. Smith
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
We used variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) to validate the chicken as a human medical model for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. We identified seven regions on four chromosomes and interrogated for VNTR markers that significantly associate with Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome/ascites. In those regions, we identified 7 candidate genes; AGTR1, ACE, p38MAPK, SST, 5HT2B, NET1, and CALM3 for further analysis as significantly contributing QTL for ascites/PHS. We also used variable number tandem repeats to measure gene flow and gather evidence for multiple paternity in a population of Timber rattlesnakes, Crotalus horridus. We were able to verify 1 VNTR that can be used …
Characterization And Functional Regulation Of Bioactive Peptides In Avian Macrophages And Heterophils, Lakshmi Kannan
Characterization And Functional Regulation Of Bioactive Peptides In Avian Macrophages And Heterophils, Lakshmi Kannan
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Oligopeptides and low molecular weight polypeptides play central roles as effectors and signal transducers acting as hormones, neurotransmitters, growth factors, toxins, and antimicrobial factors that are important for the survival of the organism. Owing to the ubiquitous involvement of peptides in many key regulatory processes, we have been interested to identify native peptides in different cells and tissues and understand their functions. To conduct our studies, we used avian macrophages and heterophils as models of specialized cells which constitute central components of innate immunity. These studies involved (a) qualitative identification and characterization of the peptides associated with high intensity mass …
The Role Of Multiple Ccaat-Binding Factors In Candida Albicans Gene Expression, Lashall Lynn Bates
The Role Of Multiple Ccaat-Binding Factors In Candida Albicans Gene Expression, Lashall Lynn Bates
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The CCAAT-binding factor is a heterooligomeric transcription factor that is evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes. In yeast, the DNA-binding component that interacts with the CCAAT consensus sequence in promoters consists of the subunits termed Hap2p, Hap3p and Hap5p. In yeast and fungi, a fourth subunit, Hap4p, is required for regulating gene expression. The goal of this research is to understand the function of the Candida albicans CCAAT-binding factor and how it relates to virulence and pathogenicity. C. albicans is a human opportunistic pathogen responsible for a variety of mucosal and systemic infections that result in significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in …
Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2010, Zelpha B. Johnson, D. Wayne Kellogg
Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2010, Zelpha B. Johnson, D. Wayne Kellogg
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
No abstract provided.
Summaries Of Arkansas Cotton Research 2008, Derrick M. Oosterhuis
Summaries Of Arkansas Cotton Research 2008, Derrick M. Oosterhuis
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
No abstract provided.
Arkansas Small-Grain Cultivar Performance Tests 2008-2009, J. T. Kelly, T. S. Rainey, R. K. Bacon, E. A. Milus
Arkansas Small-Grain Cultivar Performance Tests 2008-2009, J. T. Kelly, T. S. Rainey, R. K. Bacon, E. A. Milus
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
Small-grain cultivar performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences. The tests provide information to companies developing cultivars and/or marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating cultivar recommendations for smallgrain producers.
Heterosternuta Sulphuria (Coloptera: Dytiscidae) Occurence In The Sulphur Springs Headwater System And In Buffalo National River Tributaries (Arkansas, Usa): Current Distribution, Habitat Conditions, And Biomonitoring Framework, S.D. Longing, B.E. Haggard
Heterosternuta Sulphuria (Coloptera: Dytiscidae) Occurence In The Sulphur Springs Headwater System And In Buffalo National River Tributaries (Arkansas, Usa): Current Distribution, Habitat Conditions, And Biomonitoring Framework, S.D. Longing, B.E. Haggard
Technical Reports
Heterosternuta sulphuria is an endemic aquatic species of concern in Arkansas, with a priority score of 80 out of 100 and a conservation rank of S1and G1. A need of the Arkansas Wildlife Action Plan (AWAP) was to obtain baseline information on distribution and population status of H. sulphuria. Here, we report new H. sulphuria records for 39 sites across 10 counties in the Ozark Highlands and Boston Mountain ecoregions and a determined habitat type of shallow margins and small bedrock pools of perennial streams and spring seeps. Few habitat patches were observed per site because detection was typically rapid …
B. R. Wells Rice Research Studies 2008, R. J. Norman, J. F. Meullenet, K. A. K. Moldenhauer
B. R. Wells Rice Research Studies 2008, R. J. Norman, J. F. Meullenet, K. A. K. Moldenhauer
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
No abstract provided.
Understanding The Role Of Histones During Chromosome Segregation: A Study Of The Effects Of Histone Gene Dosage In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Rebecca Leigh Danforth
Understanding The Role Of Histones During Chromosome Segregation: A Study Of The Effects Of Histone Gene Dosage In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Rebecca Leigh Danforth
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Chromatin plays a role in all cellular functions that involve DNA. These include, but are not limited to replication, recombination, transcription, and chromosome segregation. Chromosome segregation is an extremely well conserved cellular process and is essential for maintaining the genetic integrity of a cell. There is very strong evidence indicating that chromatin structure is critical for maintaining the fidelity of chromosome transmission, but its specific role(s) in this process remains unclear. Chromatin is comprised of arrays of nucleosomes that serve to compact DNA. These nucleosomes consist of 146 bp of DNA that is wrapped around a histone octamer; two each …
Preparation, Separation, Purification, Characterization And Human Cell Line Anti-Cancer Evaluation Of Rice Bran Peptides, Arvind Kannan
Preparation, Separation, Purification, Characterization And Human Cell Line Anti-Cancer Evaluation Of Rice Bran Peptides, Arvind Kannan
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Bioactive compounds are revolutionizing the nutritional and medicinal world with their inherent disease-fighting properties. A wide range of functional groups fall under the category of imparting health benefits. Compounds from both animal and plant origins have been generated as bioactive agents that have opened up new vistas for alternative medicine and natural healing. For example, in a debilitating disease like cancer, these compounds can act to suppress or delay the underlying pathology over and above the conventional treatment strategies involving drugs or chemotherapy. In other words conventional and invasive therapy, although still considered appropriate at certain stages of cancer, their …
The Membrane Interface Of Chloroplast Signal Recognition Particle-Dependent Protein Targeting, Naomi Jane Marty
The Membrane Interface Of Chloroplast Signal Recognition Particle-Dependent Protein Targeting, Naomi Jane Marty
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
A novel signal recognition particle (SRP) found in the chloroplast (cpSRP) works in combination with the cpSRP receptor, cpFtsY, to facilitate the post-translational targeting of a family of nuclear-encoded thylakoid proteins to the Alb3 translocase in thylakoid membranes. Work here focused on understanding events at the membrane that take place to ensure targeting of the cpSRP-dependent substrate to Alb3. Specifically, we sought to understand the structural and functional role of membrane binding by cpFtsY, a protein that exhibits the ability to partition between the membrane (thylakoid) and soluble (stroma) phase during protein targeting. We also sought to understand whether a …
Arkansas Turfgrass Report 2008, Michael Richardson, Douglas Karcher, Aaron Patton
Arkansas Turfgrass Report 2008, Michael Richardson, Douglas Karcher, Aaron Patton
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
No abstract provided.
Wayne E. Sabbe Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 2008, Nathan A. Slaton
Wayne E. Sabbe Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 2008, Nathan A. Slaton
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
Rapid technological changes in crop management and production require that the research efforts also be presented in an expeditious manner. The contributions of soil fertility and fertilizers are major production factors in all Arkansas crops. The studies described within will allow producers to compare their practices with the university’s research efforts.
Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2008, Fred M. Bourland, A. B. Beach, J. M. Hornbeck, A. J. Hood
Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2008, Fred M. Bourland, A. B. Beach, J. M. Hornbeck, A. J. Hood
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
The primary goal of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed companies establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant.
Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors
Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
No abstract provided.
Effectiveness Of Zinc Given Intra-Nasally Or Orally To Newly Received Stocker Cattle Against Bovine Respiratory Disease And Effects On Growth Performance, Amy Guernsey, Beth Kegley, Jeremy Powell, Doug Galloway, Alicia White, Steve Breeding
Effectiveness Of Zinc Given Intra-Nasally Or Orally To Newly Received Stocker Cattle Against Bovine Respiratory Disease And Effects On Growth Performance, Amy Guernsey, Beth Kegley, Jeremy Powell, Doug Galloway, Alicia White, Steve Breeding
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Beef calves (n = 88) were purchased from regional auction barns and delivered as a single group. Upon arrival, cattle were assigned to eight pens. Pens were assigned randomly to one of three treatments; two pens received 3 mL of a nasal spray solution (10.8 mg Zn/mL) into each nostril using a single-use nasal atomizer; three pens received 40 mL of an oral drench (16.25 mg Zn/mL), and three pens received no Zn at processing (negative control). Appropriate treatments were administered at processing on d 0 of the 43-d study. After treatment, cattle were worked and housed so they did …
Species Richness, Distribution, And Relative Abundance Of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) Of The Buffalo National River, Arkansas, M. Matthews, F. Usrey, S. W. Hodges, John L. Harris, Alan D. Christian
Species Richness, Distribution, And Relative Abundance Of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) Of The Buffalo National River, Arkansas, M. Matthews, F. Usrey, S. W. Hodges, John L. Harris, Alan D. Christian
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The Buffalo River in north-central Arkansas is approximately 246 km long and flows through the Boston Mountains and Springfield and Salem Plateaus to the White River near Buffalo City. The Buffalo River is America’s first National River with the National Park Service owning 11% of land in the watershed. The objectives of this project were to survey the entire perennially wet length of river, search for mussels of conservation concern, and document the freshwater mussel assemblages. During 2004 and 2005, 235 km of the river were qualitatively and quantitatively surveyed. We documented 64 mussel assemblages. Time constrained qualitatively sampled assemblages …
Good Agricultural And Handling Practices For Grapes And Other Fresh Produce, Pamela L. Brady, Justin R. Morris
Good Agricultural And Handling Practices For Grapes And Other Fresh Produce, Pamela L. Brady, Justin R. Morris
Research Reports and Research Bulletins
In recent years consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables has increased dramatically. This trend has increased the amount of produce being purchased at farmer’s markets, road-side stands, and neighborhood markets since consumers say they feel that the direct contact with growers at these markets makes them better able to assess the quality and safety of the produce. This buying trend has opened new markets to small- and medium-sized farms, which sell at these local outlets.
A Comparative Study Of High-Linoleic Acid Vegetable Oils For The Production Of Conjugated Linoleic Acid, Whitney Gammill
A Comparative Study Of High-Linoleic Acid Vegetable Oils For The Production Of Conjugated Linoleic Acid, Whitney Gammill
Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, and anti-atherogenic properties and is present in very small quantities in dairy and beef products. Obtaining optimum dietary CLA levels from these sources requires an undesirable increased intake of saturated fat A 20% CLA soy oil has been produced by UV photoisomerization of linoleic acid (LA) in soy oill, which is naturally low in saturated fat. However, no other high LA vegetable oils have been studied for their potential as CLA-rich oils. The objectives of this research were to: 1) commpare flax, sunflower, corn, soy and high LA safflower oils as sources of …
Evolution Of Gene Structure In Multicellular Eukaryotes, Maria Hester
Evolution Of Gene Structure In Multicellular Eukaryotes, Maria Hester
Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal
We investigated the patterns of intron conservation in eukaryotes for five different genes. The genes examined were ribosomal proteins L8, S14 and S17, along with elongation factor 2B and triose phosphate isomerase. Intron conservation for S14, S17, and triose phosphate isomerase was determined for 32 species representing the major branches of multicellular eukaryotes. For 25 conserved introns 16 were phase 0, five were phase 1, and four were phase 2. Triose phosphate isomerase had five of nine conserved introns shared between plants and animals, where S14 had one of nine and S17 had one of seven. However, there were two …
Analysis Of The Accase Mutation Profile Of Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne Ssp. Multiflorum) Accessions Resistant To Accase Inhibitors, Thomas Stark
Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal
Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) resistant to ACCase inhibiting herbicides has been reported in many wheat producing counties across Arkansas. Resistance is believed to be the result of point mutations creating amino acid substitutions in the CT domain of the plastidic ACCase gene. This study explores the occurrence of mutations in the ACCase gene of ryegrass populations. Plant material was collected and DNA was extracted from 10 Arkansas ryegrass populations. Six of the populations were known to be resistant to the ACCase inhibitor diclofop-methyl, while the remaining four populations were known to be susceptible to diclofop-methyl. Two highly conserved …
History Of Development And Characterization Of The U.S. Blackberry Market, Thais F. Carvalho, John R. Clark, Michael R. Thomsen
History Of Development And Characterization Of The U.S. Blackberry Market, Thais F. Carvalho, John R. Clark, Michael R. Thomsen
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
The fresh blackberry market within the United States has expanded significantly in the past 10 years based on the development of new cultivars with improved firmness and longer shelf life, permitting their shipment over long distances. Currently, blackberries maintain a nearly continuous presence on the shelves of grocery stores across the U.S., which was uncommon a decade ago. Increased consumption of blackberries is due to increased consumer desire for improved nutrition and diet along with expanded availability. Worldwide, producers have increased production with a 45% increase in area planted from 1995 to 2005. Further expansion has occurred since then. This …
Department Of Cardiac Function In Lcad Deficient Mice After A Single Bout Of Endurance Exercise, Evan M. Lord
Department Of Cardiac Function In Lcad Deficient Mice After A Single Bout Of Endurance Exercise, Evan M. Lord
Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal
Fatty acids are the primary fuel source for cardiac tissue in both humans and animals. These become especially important during times of starvation and long bouts of exercise. Fatty acids are broken down into smaller, useable acyl-CoA subunits through a process called beta-oxidation. The first step in this process must be catalyzed by one of four acyl-CoA dehydrogenase enzymes depending on the length of the fatty acid to be metabolized. The enzyme that catalyzes the break-down of long-chain fatty acids, long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD), was examined. The objective of this study was to determine how a single bout of endurance …
Influence On Proline Upon The Folding And Geometry Of A Model Transmembrane Peptide, Rachel Thomas
Influence On Proline Upon The Folding And Geometry Of A Model Transmembrane Peptide, Rachel Thomas
Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal
The orientations, geometries and lipid interactions of designed transmembrane (TM) peptides have attracted significant experimental and theoretical interest. Because the amino acid proline will introduce a known discontinuity into an alpha-helix, it is important to measure the extent of helix kinking caused by a single proline within an isolated TM helical domain. For this purpose, acetyl-GWWLALALAP10ALALALWWA-ethanolamide was synthesized, and pairs of deuterated alanines were included by using 60-100% deuterated fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-L-alanine ifmoc-d4-L-Ala) at selected sequence positions. Solid-state deuterium fH) magnetic resonance spectra from oriented, hydrated samples (1140, peptide/lipid; using several lipids) reveal signals from many of the alanine backbone Ca deuterons …
Arkansas Soybean Performance Tests 2008, D. G. Dombek, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge, R. M. Pryor
Arkansas Soybean Performance Tests 2008, D. G. Dombek, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge, R. M. Pryor
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
Soybean cultivar performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. The tests provide information to companies developing cultivars and/or marketing seed within the state, and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating cultivar recommendations for soybean producers
Characterizing The Variability Of Physical And Chemical Properties Across The Soil Individuals Mapped As Amy Silt Loam Soils In Southeastern Arkansas, B. Bhandari, Robert L. Ficklin
Characterizing The Variability Of Physical And Chemical Properties Across The Soil Individuals Mapped As Amy Silt Loam Soils In Southeastern Arkansas, B. Bhandari, Robert L. Ficklin
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Knowledge of physical and chemical properties of soil is relevant for landowners, researchers, and foresters, so that appropriate crop species and management practices to maximize site productivity can be selected. In addition to issues of plant productivity, the need for assessing soil properties has been expanded due to public interest in determining the consequences of management practices on soil quality relative to sustainability of crop ecosystem functions. The USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) delineated soil mapping units to provide information about physical and chemical properties of soil in each soil series. However, soil mapping units do not provide details about …
Condition Relative To Phenotype For Bass Populations In Southern Arkansas Lakes, R. Allen, C. Cato, Colton Dennis, Ronald L. Johnson
Condition Relative To Phenotype For Bass Populations In Southern Arkansas Lakes, R. Allen, C. Cato, Colton Dennis, Ronald L. Johnson
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Southern Arkansas reservoir largemouth bass populations (Micropterus salmoides) are often supplemented with stocks of Florida bass (M. floridanus) in an attempt to boost the frequency of hybrid and trophy bass. Stocking rates of Florida bass among these lakes are highly variable. We determined bass phenotype composition among 12 lake populations based upon stocking protocols: exclusively Florida bass, primarily Florida bass, mixed stocking protocol and primarily largemouth bass. We also compared condition among phenotypes (n =2,100) to test for hybrid or phenotype vigor. Mean relative weight of bass for most lakes but SWEPCO Lake (mean Wr = 72) were ≥ 90. …