Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Beef cow (4)
- Condition score (3)
- Feedlot (3)
- Limit feeding (3)
- Nutrition (3)
-
- Beef cattle (2)
- Commercial (2)
- Efficiency (2)
- Expected progeny difference (2)
- Fertility (2)
- GnRH (2)
- Range (2)
- ADG (1)
- Backfat (1)
- Beef cows (1)
- Beef heifers (1)
- Blood metabolites (1)
- Body condition (1)
- Breed evaluations (1)
- Breeding (1)
- Bull exposure (1)
- Calf performance (1)
- Calves (1)
- Carcass (1)
- Carcass composition (1)
- Claving dates (1)
- Composition (1)
- Corssbred offspring (1)
- Cows (1)
- Crude protein (1)
Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Comparison Of Sire Expected Progeny Differences To Actual Performance Of Crossbred Offspring, B.A. Freking, D.M. Marshall
Comparison Of Sire Expected Progeny Differences To Actual Performance Of Crossbred Offspring, B.A. Freking, D.M. Marshall
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Actual performance of crossbred calves produced at the Antelope Range Livestock Station was evaluated and compared to the sire's expected progeny differences (EPDs) as reported in 1988 beef breed association sire summaries. Comparisons were made between high EPD and low EPD sire groups in retrospect for actual birth weight and weaning weight performance of crossbred progeny. Separate analyses were completed for Polled Hereford, Simmental, Tarentaise and Angus sires. Progeny of high EPD sires ranked higher for average birth weight than progeny of low EPD sires for all sire breeds. Rankings for calf weaning weight were less consistent than for birth …
Relationship Of Sire Expected Progeny Differences To Maternal Performance Of First-Calf Daughters In A Commercial Herd, D.M. Marshall, B.A. Freking
Relationship Of Sire Expected Progeny Differences To Maternal Performance Of First-Calf Daughters In A Commercial Herd, D.M. Marshall, B.A. Freking
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Maternal performance for first calf production was evaluated in retrospect for daughters whose sires had expected progeny differences (EPDs) available from 1988 beef breed association national genetic evaluation summaries. When grouped into high EPD and low EPD groups, sire EPD group averages for actual daughter milk production and weaning weights of daughters' off spring consistently ranked the same as sire group average EPDs for milk and maternal weaning weight, although differences between groups were not statistically significant.
Breed Evaluation For Efficiency Of Feed Utilization For First Calf Production, D.M. Marshall, C.A. Dinkel
Breed Evaluation For Efficiency Of Feed Utilization For First Calf Production, D.M. Marshall, C.A. Dinkel
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Individual feed intake was measured in drylot on first-calf females for a 1-year period through weaning of their first calf. Dam breeds included crossbred Simmental-Hereford, Angus-Hereford, Salers-Hereford and Tarentaise-Hereford produced in two-breed rotations and straightbred Hereford. Cow weights were heaviest for Simmental-Hereford and lowest for Tarentaise-Hereford and straightbred Hereford. Calf weaning weights were heaviest for Simmental-Hereford and Lightest for straightbred Hereford and Angus-Hereford. Intake of cow feed TDN was highest for Simmental-Hereford cows and Lowest for Tarentaise-Hereford and straightbred Hereford. Breed group rankings for total cow feed and calf creep feed TDN intake were the same as rankings for cow …
Serum D-Β-Hydroxybutyrate And Urea Nitrogen As Indicators Of Beef Cow Nutritional Status, P.A. Momont, R.J. Pruitt, R.H. Pritchard
Serum D-Β-Hydroxybutyrate And Urea Nitrogen As Indicators Of Beef Cow Nutritional Status, P.A. Momont, R.J. Pruitt, R.H. Pritchard
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Mature Simmental x Angus crossbred cows were fed differing levels of nutrition before and after calving (mid-March to early May) to determine if blood serum levels of d-β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and urea nitrogen (SUN) could be used as indicators of nutritional status. Visual condition scores and condition score change were used as subjective appraisals of cow nutritional status. BHB levels prior to calving were elevated for cows close to calving and those carrying male fetuses. SUN levels prior to calving were higher for thin cows that were losing body condition. If on a low plane of nutrition after calving, BHB values …
Effects Of Administering Progesterone And Gnrh Before Puberty On Age At Puberty And Reproductive Response In Crossbred Beef Heifers, H.L. Miller, J.J. Wagner, R. Hanson
Effects Of Administering Progesterone And Gnrh Before Puberty On Age At Puberty And Reproductive Response In Crossbred Beef Heifers, H.L. Miller, J.J. Wagner, R. Hanson
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
One hundred six crossbred heifers were utilized to determine prepubertal treatment of progesterone or progesterone plus Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) on age at puberty, conception to a synchronized estrus and conception during the breeding season. Days to puberty were 369.5 ± 6.2, 363.1 ± 9.9 and 360.4 ± 7.8 or control, progesterone primed and progesterone plus Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH), respectively. There was no difference (P>.05) in age of puberty, number cycling before synchronization or conception rate during a 35-day breeding season. The percentage of heifers conceiving to synchronized estrus was lower (P<.10) for control compared to progesterone or progesterone plus GnRH treated heifers. Injecting GnRH at breeding had little (P>.05) effect on increasing conception rates …
Effects Of Bull Exposure And Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone On Postpartum Interval And Fertility In Beef Cowsa, H.L. Miller, R.H. Haigh
Effects Of Bull Exposure And Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone On Postpartum Interval And Fertility In Beef Cowsa, H.L. Miller, R.H. Haigh
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Spring calving beef cows were utilized in a study to determine the effects of bull exposure (BE) and Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) administration on return to estrus and reproductive efficiency. Cows were either exposed to an epididectomized bull soon after calving until the breeding season or not exposed to bulls (NE). All cows were synchronized with Synchro-Mate B (SMB). One-half of the BE and NE cows were implanted with GnRH at SMB implant removal in 1987 or given an injection of GnRH at breeding in 1988. Each year, 20 cows were bled hourly for 80 consecutive hours after SMB removal. …
Economic Analysis Of Using Mixing Equipment For Growing Heifers, J.J. Wagner, D. Peterson, R. Hanson, H.L. Miller
Economic Analysis Of Using Mixing Equipment For Growing Heifers, J.J. Wagner, D. Peterson, R. Hanson, H.L. Miller
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Seventy-two Simmental cross and Charolais cross heifers (475 lb.) were utilized in a growing study to estimate the economic value of using a mixer wagon and feed scale to feed light cattle a high roughage diet. Cattle fed the mixed diet gained an additional 22.6 lb. on 61.2 lb. less dry matter over the 133-day trial than did cattle fed the unmixed diet. Annual ownership and repair costs were assumed to equal $2356. If yearling feeder cattle sold for $8O/cwt and if corn, hay and corn silage were worth $90, $80 and $25 per ton, respectively, it would take a …
Relationships Between Body Condition Scores And Live Animal Measurements Of Beef Cows, P.A. Momont, R.J. Pruitt
Relationships Between Body Condition Scores And Live Animal Measurements Of Beef Cows, P.A. Momont, R.J. Pruitt
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Records from 133 mature Simmental x Angus cows collected over a 3-year period were used to determine the relationships between body condition scores and other measurements of cow body condition. Positive correlations were found between condition scores and backfat, weight/height ratios and cow weight. Correcting weight/height ratios of pregnant cows for weight of the conceptus did not improve the correlations with condition score. Backfat measurements had limited use in describing body condition, since backfat wasnear zero for cows less than condition score 5. Equations using condition scores accurately predicted weight/height ratios.
Effects Of Cow Body Condition And Calving Date On Calf Performance, P.A. Momont, R.J. Pruitt
Effects Of Cow Body Condition And Calving Date On Calf Performance, P.A. Momont, R.J. Pruitt
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Records from 285 Charolais-sired calves out of 133 Simmental x Angus crossbred cows taken over 3 years were used to evaluate the influence of cow body condition at calving, condition score change following calving and calf birth date on calf performance. Calves nursing cows with higher condition scores in March had increased daily gains from birth until May. However, at weaning time average daily gain and weaning weights were similar regardless of cow condition at calving. Cows which maintained body condition or lost less than two condition scores from March to May weaned heavier calves than cows which lost two …
Effects Of Body Condition On Reproductive Performance Of Range Beef Cows, R.J. Pruitt, P.A. Momont
Effects Of Body Condition On Reproductive Performance Of Range Beef Cows, R.J. Pruitt, P.A. Momont
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Mature Simnnental x Angus crossbred cows were fed differing Levels of nutrition from December to May in each of 3 years to create a wide range in cow body condition or fleshiness at the beginning of the calving season (beginning mid-March) and when turned to summer pasture (early May)1 month prior to the beginning of a 60-day breeding season ( early June). Cows that were fleshier in March, May or June cycled earlier and conceived earlier. Being thin in May or June had a more detrimental effect on pregnancy rate for cows that calved late in the calving season. A …
Effect Of Early Weaning On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of High Growth Potential Feeder Calves, R.H. Pritchard, M.A. Robbins, D.H Gee, R.J. Pruitt
Effect Of Early Weaning On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of High Growth Potential Feeder Calves, R.H. Pritchard, M.A. Robbins, D.H Gee, R.J. Pruitt
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Steer and heifer calves produced at Ft. Meade were used to evaluate early weaning and accelerated feeding as a management tool when retaining ownership of calves. Calves were weaned at 5 1/2 (EM) or 7 mo (NW) of age and started immediately on a 60% grain feeding program. Slaughter dates represented mean calf ages of 385 or 425 days and days on feed ranged from 179 to 257 days. Range conditions were good and early weaning had little effect on calf weight at any point in the feeding period. Feeding high grain diets to EW calves did not have any …
Observations Concerning The Effects Of Ruminal Evacuation On Intake And Ruminal Recovery Of Dry Matter, M.J. Goetz, J.J. Wagner, P.S. Johnson
Observations Concerning The Effects Of Ruminal Evacuation On Intake And Ruminal Recovery Of Dry Matter, M.J. Goetz, J.J. Wagner, P.S. Johnson
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
The effect of repeated total ruminal evacuations on feed intake and animal behavior and rate of ruminal recovery expressed as percentage of feed bunk dry matter disappearance were observed in an observation trial with six Angus crossbred steers. Evacuation stimulated meal size and daily intake in comparison to that of a previous feeding. Feed intake decreased with consecutive evacuations. Two evacuation cycles at a 2-day interval may be the practical Limit to frequency of evacuations without a 1 to 2-week recovery period. Rate of recovery of dry matter from the rumen over a 4-hour period was extremely variable and not …
Effect Of Late Season Supplementation On Performance Of Yearling Steers Grazing Mixed Native Range Or Cool Season, Russian Wildrye Pastures, J.J, Wagner, P.S. Johnson, G. Bennett
Effect Of Late Season Supplementation On Performance Of Yearling Steers Grazing Mixed Native Range Or Cool Season, Russian Wildrye Pastures, J.J, Wagner, P.S. Johnson, G. Bennett
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Seventy-six yearling, black-baldy steers were utilized in a grazing experiment to study the effect of Level of Late summer, early fall protein supplement (1 versus 2 lb., 40% all natural) and type of f all pasture (mixed native range versus Russian wildrye) on average daily gain. Cattle were purchased i n May as part of a larger group and gained at the rate of 1.4 lb. per head daily prior to initiation of the study on September 1, 1987. Average daily gain was not affected by pasture type. Steers grazing native range and Russian wildrye gained .81 and .72 lb. …
Characterization Of Frost-Damaged Immature Soybeans For Alfalfa And Alfalfa-Brome Hay, Corn Silage Or Corn Based Diets, J.A. Loesche, R.H. Pritchard, Z.W. Wicks
Characterization Of Frost-Damaged Immature Soybeans For Alfalfa And Alfalfa-Brome Hay, Corn Silage Or Corn Based Diets, J.A. Loesche, R.H. Pritchard, Z.W. Wicks
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
One compositional study and three single stage in vitro rumen fermentation experiments were conducted to characterize the feeding profile of frost-damaged immature soybeans (FDIS). Dauson and Dassel soybean plants were harvested at 86, 93, 100, 107 days post-planting and frozen at -5 C to contrast with natural frozen soybeans of the same varieties that were serially planted and harvested after the first killing frost. No differences between soybean variety were detected for crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) or dry matter content (DM). Crude protein and EE content differed (P<.05) between maturities of artificially frozen (AF) soybeans. Only the EE content differed (P<.01) with maturity of naturally frozen (NF) soybeans. Planting date had an effect (P<.001) on composition of mature soybeans primarily due to increasing EE component. Exp. 1. Five levels of FDIS (0, 5,10, 15, 20%). three substrates (alfalfa hay, ALF), corn silage (CS), ground corn (WSC)) and two fermentation times (24 or 48 hours) were evaluated in single stage in vitro fermentations. FDIS supplementation had no effect on in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) of ALF or USC, indicating at the upper limit of FDIS supplementation had not been reached. IVDMD of corn silage was depressed (P<.01) when FDIS exceeded 10%. Increasing levels of FDIS increased NH –N (P<.01) but had no effect on VFA concentration in fermentation liquor. Exp. 2. Alfalfa-brome hay, ALF and CS were supplemented with FDlS for 48-hour IVDMD comparisons. IVDMD was not affected by substrate, but FDIS increased IVDMD of CS (P<.001). Exp.3. Four treatments, soybean meal (SBM), heated mature raw soybeans (HMB), heated FDIS (HFDIS) and FDIS, were used to differentiate oil content and trypsin inhibitor effects on roughage fermentation. Only SBM increased IVDMD (P<.05) of forages tested. FDIS included at 20% of the DM did not significantly decrease IVDMD of forages in most instances but may not stimulate digestion in the same manner as SBM.
Effect Of Different Growth Patterns On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Traits Of Moderately Large Framed Feeder Calves, R.H. Pritchard, D.H. Gee, M.A. Robbins
Effect Of Different Growth Patterns On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Traits Of Moderately Large Framed Feeder Calves, R.H. Pritchard, D.H. Gee, M.A. Robbins
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Dry matter intake of Charolais and Limousin sired crossbred steers was restricted to allow three distinctly different postweaning growth patterns. Growth patterns represented were LL--allow 2.8 lb ADG throughout the feeding period; LH -- same as LL until 80% of slaughter weight, then allow ad Libitum DMI; or HH--ad Libitum feed intake throughout. Ad Libitum fed steers consumed 23% more dry matter (P<.001) had higher ADG (3.81 vs 3.09 Lb/head/day; P<.01) than steers on restricted feed intake up t o 80% of slaughter weight. Feed efficiency was similar regardless of feeding rate in the early growth curve. Steers switched from restricted to ad Libitum feed intake exhibited compensatory gains (P<.01), while DM1 did not differ from steers previously fed ad Libitum. While feeding program affected cumulative feedlot ADG and DMI (P<.05) and days on feed, feed efficiency and total dry matter consumed were not affected. LL feeding resulted in lower marbling scores and a lower percentage choice grade in carcasses of similar weights. Growth pattern had no effect on carcass composition estimated from 9-10-11 rib section when adjusted to a common carcass weight.
Effect Of Previous Growing Program On The Benefits Of Restricting Feed Intake During The Finishing Phase, J.J. Wagner
Effect Of Previous Growing Program On The Benefits Of Restricting Feed Intake During The Finishing Phase, J.J. Wagner
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
Eight pens of cattle that had been limit-fed a high energy growing diet and eight pens that had been full - fed a high roughage growing diet were fed either ad libitum amounts of a finishing diet or 93% of ad libitum for the first 70 days of the finishing phase. From day 71 through slaughter, all cattle received ad libitum amounts of the finishing diet. Interactions between previous growing program and level of feed intake during the finishing phase were significant (P<.05). Restricting the intake of finishing cattle that had been grown using a limit-fed, high energy diet resulted in improved (P<.05) feedlot performance (3.58 vs 3.28 lb per head daily average daily gain, respectively) and efficiency (6.18 vs 7.11, respectively) over the ad libitum fed cattle. For the cattle that had been grown using a high roughage program, restricting the intake of finishing cattle resulted in poorer (P<.07) performance (2.83 vs 3.16 lb per head daily, respectively) and efficiency (7.88 vs 7.19, respectively) compared with the ad libitum fed cattle. Whether or not cattle respond to restricted intake finishing regimens may be dependent upon level of dry matter intake, dietary energy density or rate of gain during previous growing program.
Effect Of Limit Feeding High Energy Growing In The Efficiency Of Metabolizable Energy Utilization, J.J. Wagner
Effect Of Limit Feeding High Energy Growing In The Efficiency Of Metabolizable Energy Utilization, J.J. Wagner
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
One hundred twenty-eight Angus steer calves were utilized in a study to examine the effect of limit feeding on efficiency of metabolizable energy (ME) utilization during the grouping phase and subsequent performance during the finishing phase. Steers limit-fed a high concentrate diet exhibited more rapid d a i l y gains than steers full -fed the same amount of energy from a high roughage diet (2.15 vs 1.74 lb per head, respectively). Feed conversion was improved by limit feeding compared with full feeding (6.09 vs 10.19, respectively). The efficiency of ME utilization was also improved. Limit - fed steers gained …
High-Moisture Ear Corn And Corn Silage In Backgrounding Cattle Diets, M.L. Sip, R.H. Pritchard, M.A. Robbins
High-Moisture Ear Corn And Corn Silage In Backgrounding Cattle Diets, M.L. Sip, R.H. Pritchard, M.A. Robbins
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
One hundred ninety-two Angus x Limousin steer calves (560 lb) were used in an 85-day backgrounding trial. Dietary crude protein levels of 90, 100, 110 and 120% of the NRC factorial equation recommendation were used within ad libitum-fed corn silage diets (CS) arid limit-fed chopped high-moisture ear corn (HMEC) diets. The objective was to determine if optimum dietary crude protein levels differed between these two basal diets when fed at similar levels of a net energy of gain. By design of the experiment, daily dry matter intake of HMEC diets was lower than CS diets (P<.001). ADG was similar across basal diets and feed conversion was improved (P<.001) with HMEC diets. Dietary crude protein level did not affect ADG. Quadratic decreases in the protein efficiency ratio occurred as dietary crude protein Level increased (P<.01). Plasma urea N (PUN) levels were higher in calves fed HMEC diets (P<.05) arid increased quadratically with increasing dietary crude protein level on day 56 (P<.05). This study suggests the NRC factorial equation estimates the gram daily crude protein requirement and can be used without modification to predict dietary crude protein needs of limit-fed feeder calves.
Sdsu Purebred Beef Herds, R.J. Pruitt, R.M. Haigh
Sdsu Purebred Beef Herds, R.J. Pruitt, R.M. Haigh
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
A herd of purebred Angus and Simmental cows is maintained at the Cow-Calf Teaching and Research Unit near the SDSU campus that is used for teaching, research and extension activities. Cattle maintained at this unit are used for introductory animal science, meats, animal breeding, reproductive physiology, beef production and livestock evaluation courses. Current reproductive physiology research under the direction of Dr. Herley Miller is reported elsewhere in this publication. Besides use in the classroom, cattle are used for the annual SDSU Little International, field days and numerous 4-H, FFA and other educational events. In addition to providing research information and …
Interpreting Experimental Results, D.M. Marshall
Interpreting Experimental Results, D.M. Marshall
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
No abstract provided.
1988 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experimental Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University
1988 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experimental Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University
South Dakota Beef Report, 1988
This is the complete 1988 South Dakota Beef Report.