Life Sciences Commons^™

M100,907, A Selective 5-Ht(2a) Antagonist, Attenuates Dopamine Release In The Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex., Hewlet Mcfarlane

Hewlet McFarlane

Previous research has suggested that serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptors modulate the functioning of the mesocortical dopamine (DA) pathway. However, the specific role of 5-HT(2A) receptors localized within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is not known. The present study employed in vivo microdialysis to examine the role of this receptor in the modulation of basal and K(+)-stimulated (Ca(2+)-dependent) DA release. The selective 5-HT(2A) antagonist M100,907 was infused directly into the mPFC of conscious rats. This resulted in a concentration-dependent blockade of K(+)-stimulated DA release. Intracortical application of M100,907 also blocked increases in DA release produced by the systemic administration of the 5-HT(2A/2C) …

Novel Ubiquitin Neuropathology In Frontotemporal Dementia With Valosin-Containing Protein Gene Mutations, Mark Forman, Ian Mackenzie, Nigel Cairns, Eric Swanson, Philip Boyer, David Drachman, Bharati Jhaveri, Jason Karlawish, Alan Pestronk, Thomas Smith, Pang-Hsien Tu, Giles Watts, William Markesbery, Charles Smith, Virginia Kimonis

Jason Karlawish

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with inclusion body myopathy and Paget disease of bone (IBMPFD) is a rare, autosomal-dominant disorder caused by mutations in the valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene, a member of the AAA-ATPase gene superfamily. The neuropathology associated with sporadic FTD is heterogeneous and includes tauopathies and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin-positive inclusions (FTLD-U). However, there is limited information on the neuropathology in IBMPFD. We performed a detailed, systematic analysis of the neuropathologic changes in 8 patients with VCP mutations. A novel pattern of ubiquitin pathology was identified in IBMPFD that was distinct from sporadic and familial FTLD-U without VCP gene …

Buildings With Brain Power: Library Architecture In Neural Terms., Hannah Bennett

Hannah Bennett

The connection between neuroscience and the built environment is a fairly new interdisciplinary field and one in which both fields, in their respective pursuits, have worked to understand the relationship between design choices, human behavior, and biological processes. Taken together and applied in tandem, these two activities have potential to vastly improve the effectiveness of buildings designed with the healthcare facilities, laboratories, or elementary schools, all of which share objectives of healing and intellectual cultivation. This paper will extend the dialogue to library design, perhaps the most representationally loaded expression of “mental space.” The library has seen profound changes in …

Role Of Gluk1 Kainate Receptors In Seizures, Epileptic Discharges, And Epileptogenesis, Brita Fritsch, Janine Reis, Maciej Gasior, Rafal M. Kaminski, Michael A. Rogawski

Michael A. Rogawski

Kainate receptors containing the GluK1 subunit have an impact on excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in brain regions, such as the amygdala and hippocampus, which are relevant to seizures and epilepsy. Here we used 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-tert-butylisoxazol-4-yl) propanoic acid (ATPA), a potent and selective agonist of kainate receptors that include the GluK1 subunit, in conjunction with mice deficient in GluK1 and GluK2 kainate receptor subunits to assess the role of GluK1 kainate receptors in provoking seizures and in kindling epileptogenesis. We found that systemic ATPA, acting specifically via GluK1 kainate receptors, causes locomotor arrest and forelimb extension (a unique behavioral characteristic of GluK1 …

Identifying Links In The Chain: The Dynamic Coupling Of Catecholamines, Peptide Synthesis, And Peptide Release In Hypothalamic Neuroendocrine Neurons, Alan Watts, Arshad Khan

Arshad M. Khan, Ph.D.

Compared to conventional neurons that use synaptic mechanisms to communicate with closely apposed targets, peptidergic neuroendocrine neurons release relatively large quantities of peptide into the vasculature to control neuroendocrine function at more distal sites. This means that maintaining adequate amounts of peptide for release through controlled biosynthesis is critical for their function. But the flexible and adaptive responses these neurons generate to many different challenges require synthesis and release must be coordinated in some way. How neuroendocrine—or in fact, any neuropeptide—neurons link appropriate levels of peptide biosynthesis with the patterns of action potentials that drive peptide release is unknown. Here …

The United States Undergraduate Neuroscience Curriculum: Neuroscience And Study Abroad, Eric Wiertelak

Eric Wiertelak

No abstract provided.

Developmental Increase In 3h-Muscimol Binding To The Γ-Aminobutyric Acida Receptor In Hypothalamic And Limbic Areas Of The Rat: Why Is The Ventromedial Nucleus Of The Hypothalamus An Exception?, Aline Davis, Margaret Mccarthy

Aline Davis

Using in vitro autoradiography to measure binding of the γ-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA) receptor agonist, muscimol, we examined male and female rats on postnatal days 1, 5, 10, and 20. There were no sex differences in muscimol binding in any hypothalamic or limbic regions examined. However, all regions exhibited a developmental increase in the density of binding, except the ventromedial nucleus (VMN) of the hypothalamus. We have previously shown that the adult VMN is the only hypothalamic nucleus containing an abundance of the α2 subunit of the GABAA receptor and lack of the α1 subunit. We hypothesize that the lack of …

Loss Of Steroidogenic Factor 1 Alters Cellular Topography In The Mouse Ventromedial Nucleus Of The Hypothalamus, Aline Davis, Marianne Seney, Nancy Stallings, Liping Zhao, Keith Parker, Stuart Tobet

Aline Davis

Knockout (KO) mice lacking the orphan nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) exhibit marked structural abnormalities of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH). In this study, we sought to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying the VMH abnormalities. To trace SF-1-expressing neurons, we used a SF-1/enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) transgene. Although the total numbers of eGFP-positive cells in wild-type (WT) and SF-1 KO mice were indistinguishable, cells that normally localize precisely within the VMH were scattered more diffusely in adjacent regions in SF-1 KO mice. This abnormal distribution is likely due to the loss of SF-1 expression in VMH …

Breaking Down The Walls Between Neuroscience And Religious Ethics, Harlan Stelmach, Mohammed El Majdoubi

Harlan Stelmach

The Rat Formalin Nociception Assay: Examination Of Putative Analgesic Effects Of Traditional Medicines Yan Hu Suo, Wei Ling Xian, San Qi, And Xu Duan, Eric Wiertelak, E. Gaidis

Eric Wiertelak

No abstract provided.

Nu Rho Psi, The National Honor Society In Neuroscience, L. Achor, A. Mickley, Eric Wiertelak

Eric Wiertelak

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Rhizoma Cordalis On Putative Descending Opiate-Based Analgesia Circuitry In The Rat Formalin Assay Of Analgesia, E. Gaidis, Eric Wiertelak

Eric Wiertelak

No abstract provided.

Years Of Change And Progress: The Midbrains Undergraduate Neuroscience Conference, Eric Wiertelak, J. Neiworth, S. Dickinson, J. Demas, J. Loebach, S. Meerts, G. Muir, C. Ohnesorge, J. Strand, L. Wichlinski, J. Wolffyears Of Change And Progress: The Midbrains Undergraduate Neuroscience Conference

Eric Wiertelak

No abstract provided.

Toward A Novel Model Of Pain In Zebrafish: Identification Of Behavioral Responses On Exposure To Water Containing Acetic Acid, Amanda Currie, E. Gaidis, Eric Wiertelak

Eric Wiertelak

No abstract provided.

Free Online Resource For Neuroscience Educators: Journal Of Undergraduate Neuroscience Education (June), Eric Wiertelak, B. Johnson, G. Dunbar, W. Grisham

Eric Wiertelak

No abstract provided.

Neural Input Is Critical For Arcuate Hypothalamic Neurons To Mount Intracellular Signaling Responses To Systemic Insulin And Deoxyglucose Challenges In Male Rats: Implications For Communication Within Feeding And Metabolic Control Networks, Arshad Khan, Ellen Walker, Nicole Dominguez, Alan Watts

Arshad M. Khan, Ph.D.

The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) controls rat feeding behavior, in part, through peptidergic neurons projecting to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVH). Hindbrain catecholaminergic (CA) neurons innervate both the PVH and ARH, and ablation of CA afferents to PVH neuroendocrine neurons prevents them from mounting cellular responses to systemic metabolic challenges such as insulin or 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG). Here, we asked whether ablating CA afferents also limits their ARH responses to the same challenges or alters ARH connectivity with the PVH. We examined ARH neurons for three features: (1) CA afferents, visualized by dopamine-β-hydroxylase-immunoreactivity (DBH-ir); (2) activation by systemic metabolic …

Migration Of Transplanted Neural Stem Cells In Experimental Models Of Neurodegenerative Diseases., Janice Naegele

Janice R Naegele

No abstract provided.

21st Annual Nidcd-Sponsored Research Symposium: Neurobiological Processes Underlying Auditory And Speech Perception, Linda Shuster, Lisa Hunter

Linda Shuster

No abstract provided.

Motor Demand-Dependent Improvement In Accuracy Following Low-Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Of Left Motor Cortex., Cathrin Buetefisch, Benjamin Hines, Linda Shuster, Paola Pergami, Adam Mathes

Linda Shuster

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Lexical And Sublexical Frequency On Speech Production: An Fmri Investigation, Linda Shuster

Linda Shuster

No abstract provided.

Myotonia Congenita, Christoph Lossin, Alfred George

Christoph Lossin, Ph.D.

Myotonia is a symptom of many different acquired and genetic muscular conditions that impair the relaxation phase of muscular contraction. Myotonia congenital is a specific inherited disorder of muscle membrane hyperexcitability caused by reduced sarcolemmal chloride conductance due to mutations invCLCN1, the gene coding for the main skeletal muscle chloride channel ClC-1.The disorder may be transmitted as either an autosomal-dominant or recessive trait with close to 130 currently known mutations. Although this is a rare disorder, elucidation of the pathophysiology underlying myotonia congenital established the importance of sarcolemmal chloride conductance in the control of muscle excitability and demonstrated the first …

Assessing Brain Activity Using Spatial Bayesian Variable Selection, Michael Smith, B Putz, D Auer, Ludwig Fahrmeir

Michael Stanley Smith

Statistical parametric mapping (SPM), relying on the general linear model and classical hypothesis testing, is a benchmark tool for assessing human brain activity using data from fMRI experiments. Friston et al. (Neuroimage 16 (2002a), 484) discuss some limitations of this frequentist approach and point out promising Bayesian perspectives. In particular, a Bayesian formulation allows explicit modeling and estimation of activation probabilities. In this study, we directly address this issue and develop a new regression based approach using spatial Bayesian variable selection. Our method has several advantages. First, spatial correlation is directly modeled for activation probabilities and indirectly for activation amplitudes. …

An Fmri Study Of Bilingual Sentence Comprehension And Workload, Mihoko Hasegawa, Patricia A. Carpenter, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

The Neural Bases Of Sentence Comprehension: A Fmri Examination Of Syntactic And Lexical Processing, Timothy A. Keller, Patricia A. Carpenter, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Collaborative Activity Between Parietal And Dorso-Lateral Prefrontal Cortex In Dynamic Spatial Working Memory Revealed By Fmri, Vaibhav A. Diwadkar, Patricia A. Carpenter, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

The Neural Basis Of Strategy And Skill In Sentence-Picture Verification, Erik D. Reichle, Patricia A. A. Carpenter, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

The Ferret - A Useful Model For Studying Visual Pathway Development, Diana Linden

Diana Linden

No abstract provided.