Life Sciences Commons^™

A Method For Estimating Marine Habitat Values Based On Fish Guilds, With Comparisons Between Sites In The Southern California Bight, Alan Bond, John Stephens, Daniel Pondella, James Allen, Mark Helvey

Alan B. Bond

Habitat valuation is an essential tool for tracking changes in habitat quality and in adjudicating environmental mitigation. All current methods for estimating habitat values of coastal marine sites rely heavily on the opinion of experts or on data variables that can readily be manipulated to influence the outcome. As a result, unbiased, quantitative comparisons between the values of different marine habitats are generally unavailable. We report here on a robust, objective technique for the valuation of marine habitats that makes use of data that are commonly gathered in surveys of marine fish populations: density, fidelity, and mean size. To insure …

Remote Sensing Observations Of Winter Phytoplankton Blooms Southwest Of The Luzon Strait In The South China Sea, Dan-Ling Tang, I-Hsun Ni, Dana R. Kester, Frank E. Muller-Karger

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The Luzon Strait is a channel between the Philippine Sea and the South China Sea. This area is traditionally classified as an oligotrophic zone with low primary productivity. Even so, high concentrations of pigment were detected 100 km southwest of the Strait through analysis of historical Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) data that the Nimbus-7 satellite collected during the winters of 1979 to 1986. These blooms were observed in December 1979, February 1983, February 1985, and January 1986, when sea surface temperatures measured with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAAs) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) were 23 to …

Interannual Decline, Compensatory Exploitation, And Conservation Of The Chesapeake Bay Blue Crab Population In Winter, Rom Lipcius, Marcel M. Montane

Reports

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Pollution On Genetic Diversity In The Southern California Bight, Xiao Li Ma

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Two intertidal invertebrate species, M galloprovincialis and Balanus glandula, were collected from seven different bay sites along the Southern California coast to test if environmental contamination is associated with the decrease of genetic diversity at the population level. Collections were made at three relatively pristine "clean" sites and four "impacted" sites which were exposed to heavy industrial or boating activity and which had previously, been identified as having measurable levels of pollution. The "Comet" assay (Single Cell Gel electrophoresis) was performed to measure single-strand DNA breaks in mussels at several of the sites in order to confirm differing impacts …

Front Matter, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Instantaneous Growth And Mortality Of Alevin Channel Catfish Ictalurus Punctatus (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae) In The Oconee River, Georgia, Carl R. Ruetz Iii, Cecil A. Jennings

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Fish Richness And Abundance In Created Riparian Habitats And Channelized Northern Mississippi Streams, Peter C. Smiley Jr., Scott S. Knight, Charles M. Cooper, Kenneth W. Kallies

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Review Of The Western Australian Pilchard Fishery 12 -16 April 1999, K. L. Cochane

Fisheries management papers

A workshop was held on Monday 12 April 1999 at which presentations were made by representatives of Fisheries WA, speakers from other state fisheries agencies and the Western Australian (WA) pilchard industry. This workshop identified some of the key concerns in the assessment and management of the fishery. This report presents the conclusions reached by the reviewer at the end of the process, which were also presented to members of the WA pilchard fishing industry in Albany on Friday 16 April.

A Near-Surface Microstructure Sensor System Used During Toga Coare. Part Ii: Turbulence Measurements, Alexander Soloviev, Roger Lukas, Peter Hacker, H. Schoeberlein, M. Baker, A. Arjannikov

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

New techniques developed for near-surface turbulence measurements during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) employ a difference in spatial scales of turbulence and surface waves. According to this approach, high relative speed of the measurements provides separation of the turbulence and surface wave signals. During the TOGA COARE field studies, highresolution probes of pressure, temperature, conductivity, fluctuation velocity, and acceleration were mounted on the bow of the vessel at a 1.7-m depth in an undisturbed region ahead of the moving vessel. The localization in narrow frequency bands of the vibrations of the bow sensors allows …

Number 39 (November 1999), Southern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

(November 1999) - Instantaneous growth and mortality of alevin channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae) in the Oconee River, Georgia. By Carl R. Ruetz III and Cecil A. Jennings

Fish richness and abundance in created riparian habitats of channelized northern Mississippi streams. By Peter C. Smiley Jr., Scott S. Knight, Charles M. Cooper and Kenneth W. Kallies

The Coral Reef Fishes Of Broward County Florida, Species And Abundance: A Work In Progress, B. D. Ettinger, David S. Gilliam, L. K. B. Jordan, Robin L. Sherman, Richard E. Spieler

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

The inshore environment of Broward County, FL consists of three coral reef/hard bottom reef tracts, separated by sand substrate, running parallel to the coast in sequentially deeper water. At quarter nautical mile intervals, for a five mile coastline section, fishes were censused at western, eastern and crest sites of each of the three reef tracts. On SCUBA and using the Bohnsack/Bannerot point-count method, we recorded: fish abundance, species richness, size, and general habitat of an imaginary cylinder 15 m in diameter. The position of each site was recorded by DGPS after census. One hundred and eighty-one sites were censused during …

Analysis Of Age And Growth In Two Eastern Pacific Groupers (Serranidae: Epinephelinae), Matthew Craig, Daniel Pondella, John Hafner

Daniel Pondella

In an attempt to characterize species specific-growth rates of two Eastern Pacific groupers, individuals from two sympatric species, Epinephelus labriformis (n = 173), and Cephalopholis panamensis (n = 127), were collected at various localities in Mexico and the Galápagos archipelago in 1997 and 1998. Sagittal otoliths were removed, and age of each individual was determined by direct visual inspection of annuli present following sectioning. Length/weight relationships were determined, and growth curves were generated using the von Bertalanffy growth model. The two species demonstrated similar growth rates, yet, as determined by the von Bertalanffy parameters, E. labriformis tended towards a larger …

Tropical Pacific Near-Surface Currents Estimated From Altimeter, Wind, And Drifter Data, Gary S. E. Lagerloef, Gary T. Mitchum, Roger B. Lukas, Pearn P. Niiler

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Tropical surface currents are estimated from satellite-derived surface topography and wind stress using a physically based statistical model calibrated by 15 m drogue drifters. The model, assumes a surface layer dominated by steady geostrophic and Ekman dynamics. Geostrophy varies smoothly from a beta plane formulation at the equator to an f plane formulation in midlatitude, with the transition occurring at similar to 2 degrees-3 degrees latitude. The transition is treated with a Gaussian weight function having a meridional decay scale that is found to be approximately the Rossby radius (similar to 2.2 degrees latitude). The two-parameter Ekman model represents drifter …

West Florida Continental Shelf Response To Upwelling Favorable Wind Forcing 2. Dynamics, Zhenjiang Li, Robert H. Weisberg

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Dynamics analyses are presented for the west Florida continental shelf response to upwelling favorable, alongshore or offshore winds using a three-dimensional, time-dependent, primitive equation model. These analyses complement the kinematics analyses of Li and Weisberg [1999]. Results are provided on four topics: (1) the response evolutions to quasi steady states, (2) the across-shelf distributions of the vertically integrated alongshore and across-shelf momentum balances, (3) the three-dimensional structures of the terms composing the momentum balance closures, and (4) the model sensitivity to vertical friction parameterization. The response evolution starts with a local wind-driven acceleration, and it transitions over the inner shelf …

North Fork Of The New River Benthic Macroinvertebrate Recruitment Study: Final Report, Charles G. Messing

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

Over the last several years, the Broward County Department of Natural Resource Protection has identified a series of major environmental problems in the North Fork of the New River, including illegal wastewater sludge discharge and heavy metal contamination of sediments (DNRP 1993 1994). A qualitative survey suggests that benthic macroinvertebrates have been negatively affected (DNRP 1997). Restoration projects have included removal in the summer of 1997 of a remnant sludge blanket from an area of the channel east of Interstate 95 and north of Broward Boulevard. However, the effectiveness of such dredging in terms of habitat restoration has not previously …

Isotope Ratio Studies Of Marine Mammals In Prince William Sound, Donald M. Schell, Amy Hirons

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

No abstract provided.

Fall 1999, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Bioavailability And Trophic Transfer Of Humic-Bound Copper From Bacteria To Zooplankton, Emile M. Lores, Jonathan Pennock

School of Marine Science and Ocean Engineering

ABSTRACT:

The effect of humic acid (HA) on uptake and transfer of Cu by selected marine organisms from the microbial loop was determined. Bacteria grown with and without 15 µg Cu l^-1 and with and without 10 mg Suwannee River Humic Acid (SRHA) l^-1 were fed to Uronema sp. The Uronema were subsequently fed to Acartia tonsa to determine the effect of humic acid on the uptake and transfer of Cu from bacteria to copepods. The presence of 10 mg SRHA l^-1 reduced Cu uptake in A. tonsa by an average of 54% and significantly reduced the …

Development Of An Expert System Based On A Tidal Prism Water Quality Model For Small Coastal Basins In Virginia, Albert Y. Kuo, Sung-Chan Kim, Kyeong Park, M. Dale Phillips

Reports

No abstract provided.

Validation Of Coral Temperature Calibrations, Thomas J. Crowley, Terrence M. Quinn, William T. Hyde

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Geochemical analyses of coral skeletons are increasingly used to estimate past sea surface temperatures (SSTs). In this paper we suggest that the standard method of calibrating geochemical time series against a (usually short) local time series requires modification. In order to draw large‐scale inferences about climate from coral proxy data it is also necessary to (1) calibrate against larger fields such as the local gridded data sets and (2) validate results against an independent data set (e.g., early 20th century). This approach has been applied in a pilot study to a coral record from New Caledonia. Despite a high δ18O …

Sorbitol-Fermenting Bifidobacteria As Indicators Of Diffuse Human Faecal Pollution In Estuarine Waters, Mw Rhodes, H Kator

VIMS Articles

Sorbitol fermenting bifidobacteria were evaluated as indicators of non-point source human faecal pollution to three sub-estuaries with elevated faecal coliform densities. Human-specific bifidobacteria correlated with identifiable human sanitary deficiencies in feeder streams to estuarine creeks in two of three watersheds examined, one rural and one moderately developed. Sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria were recovered at densities ranging from 1 to 90 colony-forming-units 100 ml(-1) in 11 of 258 water samples but were undetected in sediment (n = 68) and scat from resident wildlife (deer, muskrat and raccoon, n = 20). Failure to detect sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria in water samples during the summer months was …

Pfiesteria Piscicida And Dinoflagellates Similar To Pfiesteria, Harold G. Marshall

Virginia Journal of Science

Pfiesteria pisiccida is a microscopic, unicellular organism that is classified as both a mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellate, which has been associated with both fish deaths and a cause of human illness (Burkholder et al., 1992; Glasgow et al., 1995; Burkholder and Glasgow, 1997). This species possesses a complex life cycle that includes motile forms (e.g. zoospores, gametes, amoebae) and a cyst stage that may remain dormant in the sediment (Burkholder et al., 1995b). Pfiesteria piscicida is known to have toxin and non-toxin producing populations, where cyst transformation into the toxic motile zoospores may be initiated by the presence of certain …

Regulation And Management Of New Hampshire Estuaries: A Base Programs Analysis, Nh Department Of Fish And Game, Great Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve

PREP Reports & Publications

This report is designed to provide a snapshot of the local, state and federal management framework for the estuaries of the state. Natural resource management, land use regulation, research, education and funding are all important pieces of this framework, and each is reviewed in relation to specific problems of the estuaries. The report first summarizes the issues and potential issues confronting the estuaries and then reviews the existing policies and programs aimed at dealing with these issues.

The Impact Of Resident And Transient Predators On The Popultation Dynamics Of Juvenile Caribbean Spiny Lobster (Panulirus Argus) In Florida Bay, Florida, Jason Edward Schratwieser

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

There has been a considerable amount of research devoted to exploring the relationship between predators and prey, but many of these studies fail to address how predation can vary over spatial and temporal scales. The tendency of ecologists to model predation as a static entity often masks its capacity for creating distinctive effects in prey populations and communities. Most predation studies also focus on the effect of a single species of predator on a prey population, an unrealistic situation in nature. In the Florida Keys, juvenile spiny lobsters are subjected to two general classes of predators: i) "resident" predators such …

Final Technical Report For The Enhancement Of Autonomous Marine Vehicle Testing In The South Florida Testing Facility Range, South Florida Ocean Measurement Center (Sfomc) Partners

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

The purpose of this grant was to carry out the six scientific experiments on the South Florida Testing Facility (SFTF) Range. In addition to the enhancements to the range, work was performed on all six with some being successfully completed while research continues on the long term tasks.

Moolapheonoides Utmas, New Species, From Coral Reefs In The Madang Lagoon, Papua New Guinea (Amphipoda, Cyproideidae), James Darwin Thomas

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Moolapheonoides utmas, new species, is described from coral reefs at Madang, Papua New Guinea. M. utmas differs from other species in the genus by the large tooth-cusp projecting posteroventrally on article 2 of pereopod 7 and the lower dorsal crest of the urosome. It shares an unusual dorsolateral bulbous projection of pereonite segments 3 and 4 with other cyproideid species Hoplopohoenoides obessa Shoemaker from Florida, and Naraphoenoides mullaya Barnard from Australia. Identification keys for the genus Moolaphoenoides are presented and relationships to other genera in the family are discussed.

Perkinsus Marinus Extracellular Protease Modulates Survival Of Vibrio Vulnificus In Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica) Hemocytes, Bd Tall, Jf La Peyre, Et Al, M Faisal

VIMS Articles

The in vitro effects of the Perkinsus marinus serine protease on the intracellular survival of Vibrio vulnificus in oyster hemocytes were examined by using a time-course gentamicin internalization assay. Results showed that protease-treated hemocytes were initially slower to internalize V. vulnificus than untreated hemocytes. After 1 h, the elimination of V. vulnificus by treated hemocytes was significantly suppressed compared with hemocytes infected with invasive and noninvasive controls. Our data suggest that the serine protease produced by P. marinas suppresses the vibriocidal activity of oyster hemocytes to effectively eliminate V. vulnificus, potentially leading to conditions favoring higher numbers of vibrios in …

What Does It Take To Become A Marine Scientist?, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

Note: This material may not meet current educational standards and is presented as part of the Institute's historical publications.

Collaborative Research: Nitrate Flux Associated With Vertically Migrating Phytoplankton In The Central North Pacific, Cynthia H. Pilskaln

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

This proposal will address a fundamental problem in biological oceanography format he viewpoint that vertically migrating algal mats in the open ocean are instrumental in redistributing nitrogen within the surface waters of the North Pacific Ocean. Using previously funded shiptime, the project will documents Rhizosolenia mat vertical distribution throughout the upper 100-300 m, the quantitative N inputs, and potential for NO₃-release in the surface layers by mats in the central North Pacific gyre. The research will characterize depth of origin, migration times and absolute transport rates by these macroscopic associations and determine if NO₃-release by mat …

Summer 1999, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.