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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Interleukin 6 And 8 Gene Expression Responses To Resistance Exercise And The Correlation To Muscle Mass, Vivien Massie
Interleukin 6 And 8 Gene Expression Responses To Resistance Exercise And The Correlation To Muscle Mass, Vivien Massie
Theses : Honours
The post exercise inflammatory response is a key signalling mechanism regulating muscle protein synthesis. The purpose of this research was firstly to determine whether muscle mass in non-strength trained individuals was associated with the inflammatory muscle gene response after a single bout of eccentric muscle loading. Secondly, to determine whether changes in muscle cross-sectional area after a chronic increase in muscle loading (resistance training) is related to the inflammatory gene response to a single bout of muscle loading. Eleven male participants (21.6 ± 4.1 years) volunteered for this study. Each participant completed a preliminary testing session that consisted of two …
Neural Induction And Differentiation Of Stem Cells Using The Developmental Gene Pax7, Vijesh G. Vaghjiani
Neural Induction And Differentiation Of Stem Cells Using The Developmental Gene Pax7, Vijesh G. Vaghjiani
Theses : Honours
Neurodegenerative disorders are conditions that mainly affect the brain and the central nervous system (CNS). Each disease type is characterised by loss of function which results from death of a particular region. Interestingly enough, most of the time disease pathology is due to loss of specific cell types in the CNS. These pathological conditions have both high economic costs and social implications for society. To treat such conditions, either the lost cells must be replaced or the cells surrounding the damaged tissue must be induced to undergo repair to replace the lost cells. The former looks more achievable whereas the …
The Functional Significance Of Multiple Pax7 Isoforms, Chantel L. Burchill
The Functional Significance Of Multiple Pax7 Isoforms, Chantel L. Burchill
Theses : Honours
The Pax7 gene is critical for specification of both neurons in the mid-brain and skeletal muscle satellite cells. Several alternate transcripts are transcribed from the single gene. Previous studies have shown that the resultant alternate Pax7 isoforms differ in the structure of their paired domain (a DNA-binding domain that influences target gene selection), yet the functional significance of each isoform for specification of neurogenic and myogenic cell types remains unknown. Although previous studies have identified the presence of multiple alternate Pax7 transcripts in both neurogenic and myogenic cell lines, more research is necessary to understand the functional significance of the …
Is The Ability To Regenerate Damaged Skeletal Muscle Genetically Determined? : Can Allelic Variation In The Gene, Pax7, Explain Observed Differences In Recovery Of Force Following Damage By Eccentric Exercise?, Zoran Groznica
Theses : Honours
High force eccentric muscle actions, during forcibly lengthening contracting muscle, have been found to produce pronounced muscle damage, especially if exercise is unaccustomed. A cascade of events is initiated in order to repair damaged skeletal muscle tissue including degeneration and regeneration processes. For the duration of muscle regeneration, satellite cells are the primary source of new myoblasts in adult muscle. This process requires activation of quiescent mononucleated satellite cells which proliferate, differentiate and fuse together to form fully functional muscle fibres. The satellite cells are specified by the gene, Pax7, during development. Experimental studies of Pax7 null mice that lack …
Genetic Diversity In The Bo'an, Salar, And Dongxiang : Co-Resident Muslim Populations In Gansu Province, P.R. China, Thomas Baric
Genetic Diversity In The Bo'an, Salar, And Dongxiang : Co-Resident Muslim Populations In Gansu Province, P.R. China, Thomas Baric
Theses : Honours
Patterns s of genetic diversity within and between three co-resident Muslim populations from Gansu Provence in the Peoples Republic of China were examined and the results contrasted with historical information. This study of members of the Bo'an, Salar and Dongxiang communities will contribute to a clearer understanding of the origins and migratory patterns of Muslims in PR China, and more generally the effect of population subdivision on gene pool structure and composition. Ten autosomal and live Y-chromosome microsatellite loci were genotyped to determine allele distribution patterns. Subsequently, the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA was sequenced to complement the autosomal and …
A Study Of The Effects Of Consanguinity At The Genomic Level In Two Pakistani Bradaris, Sheena Sullivan
A Study Of The Effects Of Consanguinity At The Genomic Level In Two Pakistani Bradaris, Sheena Sullivan
Theses : Honours
The purpose of the project was to assess the effects of inbreeding on the genetic constitution of two Pakistani bradaris (literally defined as brotherhoods). Both bradaris contain children born to consanguineous (first cousin) and nonconsanguineous marriages. DNA samples have been supplied by Dr Subaib Ahmed of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in Rawalpindi, for a total of 91 individuals. The specific allele frequencies, and levels of homozygosity of each bradari, were determined using twenty fluorescence-labelled microsatellite markers for chromosomes 13 and 15. Amplification of the DNA was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were separated …
Homozygosity Levels In Consanguineous Populations: A Study Of The Sankethi Community, Karnataka, India, Janet Cahill
Homozygosity Levels In Consanguineous Populations: A Study Of The Sankethi Community, Karnataka, India, Janet Cahill
Theses : Honours
The project has studied the inheritance of microsatellite alleles across four chromosomes within two multi-generation families from a highly endogamous community, the Sankethi of Karnataka, India. The two families each have members from four generations participating in the study. Finger prick blood samples and detailed pedigree information were collected from subjects in India. DNA was extracted from the blood spot samples using a phenol-chloroform technique, and analysed by spectrophotometry to determine DNA concentrations. Fluorescent markers from chromosomes 15, 16, 17 & 18 were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques on a Perkin Elmer 96 well thermocycler. The PCR products …
Localisation Of The Gene For A Novel Form Of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease In An Isolated Population, Kaite Honeyman
Localisation Of The Gene For A Novel Form Of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease In An Isolated Population, Kaite Honeyman
Theses : Honours
Localising the gene for a previously undescribed autosomal recessive form of CMT involved the use of a relatively new approach to rapid genome screening based on the identification of segments which are inherited identical by descent (IBD) from common founding ancestors. It is most feasible for populations which have been founded relatively recently (say less than 25 generations) and which have remained relatively isolated either geographically or culturally. The method is not suitable for highly inbred populations, that is with first and second cousin matings, as many segments will be inherited by chance. It appears to be a suitable screening …
Localisation And Detection Of A Polymorphism In The Human Skeletal Beta-Tropomyosin Gene (Tpm2), Clive C.J. Hunt
Localisation And Detection Of A Polymorphism In The Human Skeletal Beta-Tropomyosin Gene (Tpm2), Clive C.J. Hunt
Theses : Honours
Tropomyosin is one of the components of the thin filaments of muscle, binding to actin, and, together with troponin, regulating contraction in a calcium-dependent manner (Cho et al.,1990). There are at least four distinct tropomyosin genes in vertebrates and each may encode at least six different isoforms of tropomyosin by alternate splicing (Novy et al, 1993; MacLeod et al., 1988). The alpha-tropomyosin gene TPM1 has recently been localised to 15q22 (Eyre et al, 1994) and has been shown to be mutated in some cases of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Thierfelder et al., 1994). The alpha-tropomyosin gene TPM3 has been recently localised …
Cytogenetic Analysis And Development Of Fish (Fluorescent In Stu Hybridisation) Techniques To Delineate Deletions Of Chromosome 22 In Di George Syndrome And Related Disorders, Marie Mccluskey
Theses : Honours
This honours project is based on the advancement of in situ hybridisation to metaphase chromosome spreads. The technique was carried out using cosmid probes which are specific for microdeleted regions on chromosome 22q11 associated with Di George syndrome (DGS) and related disorders. Disorders similar to DGS include partial Di George syndrome, III-IV pharyngeal pouch syndrome, velucardiofacial syndrome (VCFS), conotruncal facial anomaly and the CHARGE association. Recently the group of disorders with this microdeletion and comparable symptoms has been summarised by the acronym CATCh 22. Large deletions, translocations, monosomies, and trisomies of chromosomes are apparent under the light microscope, when prepared …
Detection Of Point Mutations In The Dystrophin Gene, John Pedretti
Detection Of Point Mutations In The Dystrophin Gene, John Pedretti
Theses : Honours
The dystrophin gene has been localised to Xp 21.1. Mutations of this gene can lead to the clinical manifestations of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD/BMD). In the majority of DMD and BMD patients the disease-causing mutation is a deletion detectable by southern analysis or multiplex PCR, however in 30% of patients no deletion is observed using these conventional tests. Using PCR amplification of cDNA it was possible to detect a deletion in the product of the dystrophin gene of one such individual affected with BMD. It was then necessary to characterise the mutation in order to determine whether this …