Life Sciences Commons^™

Initial Survey Of The Butterflies And Skippers In The Vicinity Of The Buck Creek Serpentine Barrens, Clay County, North Carolina, Ronald R. Gatrelle

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Summary

General. Serpentine barrens are generally low in biotic diversity. However, these barrens are known to frequently harbor unusual species of plants and animals not usually found elsewhere. A survey was conducted from May 4 through October 2, 2001 in and around the Buck Creek Barrens located in Clay County, North Carolina, United States to document the butterfly and skipper taxa present at this location and their status. The site was visited 15 times during this period with at least two visits each month except September and October. A total of 76 different taxa were located with another 14 …

New Species Of Hemiphileurus Kolbe (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) From Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, And Brazil, Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

The following new species of Hemiphileurus are described: H. bispinosus Ratcliffe from Brazil, H. deslislesi Ratcliffe from Colombia, H. quadridentatus Ratcliffe from Guatemala, and H. warneri Ratcliffe from Mexico. The parameres of H. rugulosus Endrödi (Venezuela and Colombia) are illustrated to enable easier identification of this species, and H. kahni Dupuis and Dechambre is redescribed and recorded from Brazil for the first time. Diagnostic illustrations of the male parameres are provided for the above taxa. A checklist for all the species in the genus is given.

Se describen las siguientes nuevas especies de Hemiphileurus: H. bispinosus Ratcliffe de Brasil, …

Chronic Exposure Of The European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) To Cry1ab Bacillus Thuringiensis Toxin, Josette Chafaux, Maryvonne Seguin, Jeffrey J. Swanson, Denis Bourguet, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Transgenic corn expressing the insecticidal toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner is gaining support as an effective control technology for use against lepidopteran pests, particularly European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). However, there is concern that widespread adoption of transgenic plants will rapidly lead to B. thuringiensis toxin resistance. Thus, long-term selection of O. nubilalis populations with the Cry1Ab B. thuringiensis toxin has been undertaken in several laboratories in the United States and in Europe. We present results from two independent selection experiments performed in laboratories at the University of Nebraska and at the Institut National de la Recherche …

Resistance Of Commercial Hybrids And Lines Of Sorghum, Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench., To Diatraea Saccharalis (Fabr.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Jose M. Waquil, Jose A. S. Rodrigues, Fredolino G. Santos, Alexandre S. Ferreira, Francys M. F. Vilella, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Commercial sorghum hybrids and Embrapa’s lines were evaluated regarding resistance to sugarcane borer. Two field experiments were conducted in Sete Lagoas, MG, under natural infestation, during the second cropping season in a randomized complete block with 3 replicates. The plants were evaluated regarding to stand, maturity cycle, plant height, and number of broken or lodging stalks and yield. The borer incidence, number of galleries, number of healthy and damaged nodes were also evaluated to calculate the Infestation Index and Intensity Infestation Index. Among the commercial sorghum hybrids, Br 304 and CMSXS 9701 were the least infested wile Z 732 and …

Replacement Name For Euchitonia Kolbe, 1894 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Callichromatini), Daniel J. Heffern

Insecta Mundi

Euchitonia Kolbe, 1894, (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a junior homonym of Euchitonia Ehrenberg, 1861, (Protozoa). Euchitonia Kolbe consists of four, large, uncommon species known from peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, and Java. Podan$ (1968) revised Euchitonia Kolbe, but omitted E. menzelii Ritsema. Subsequently, Hayashi (1978) synonymized E. malayana Podany under E. menzelii Ritsema. More recently, Hudepohl(1983) described E. constanzae but questionably placed it in the genus. Huedepohliana, nomen novum, is proposed to replace Euchitonia Kolbe. The following new combinations are created: Huedepohliana constanzae (Hudepohl), H. menzelii (Ritsema), H. superba (Aurivillius), H. suspecta (Ritsema). The new generic name honors Dr. Karl-Emst Hudepohl …

Study Of Conidia Production And Transmission Of Beauverza Bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill. In Colorado Potato Beetle (Leptinotarsa Decemlineata), Silvia Fernandez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This work is an investigation of:( 1) mortality of the Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), under different modes of exposure to the pathogen Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., (2) host and environmental factors affecting sporulation, production, and viability of B. bassiana conidia from infected cadavers of CPB larvae, and (3) transmission of the disease in CPB populations. The research leads to an improved understanding of the process of transmission of B. bassiana in CPB populations. This may enhance its use as a biological control agent for this pest insect. The highest rate of mortality of CPB larvae (77 percent) …

Evaluating Shade Bias In Insect Trap Catch And Assessing The Short- And Long-Term Impacts Of Herbicide Application In Regenerating Clearcuts On Flowering Plant Communities, Kathryn M. Georgitis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Regenerating clearcuts are commonly sprayed with a broad-spectrum herbicide, Glyphosate, to suppress regenerating hardwoods that outcompete the more desirable softwood species. Although the direct effects of herbicide application are minimal, the resulting changes in vegetation have raised concern over its indirect effects on wildlife. On the other hand, clearcuts are high in plant diversity, which may provide beneficial resources for Hymenoptera in the clearcut area and the adjacent forest stands. To assess the short- and long-term impacts of herbicide application on insect communities, comparisons between stands of various ages and treatments are necessary. Insect traps provide one efficient method for …

Systematic Redefinition Of The New World Didactyliini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) With Descriptions Of Two New Species Of Aidophus Balthasar, Marco Dellacasa, Robert D. Gordon, Phillip J. Harpootlian, Zdzislawa Stebnicka, Giovanni Dellacasa

Insecta Mundi

As now understood, the New World Didactyliini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) consists of eleven species of Aidophus Balthasar, two of which are new, and the introduced Australaphodius frenchi (Blackburn). Keys, descriptions and figures are provided to distinguish all included species.

Hydrocolus Heggiensis, A New Species From Georgia And South Carolina (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), Janet C. Ciegler

Insecta Mundi

Hydrocolus heggiensis, a new species of predacious water beetle, is described from granite monadnocks in Georgia and one location in South Carolina. It most closely resembles H. stagnalis (Gemminger and Harold) but differs in range, genitalia, and elytral punctation. Photographs, drawings, and an interpolation of the new species into existing keys are given.

Occurrence Of The Milliped Pachydesmus Crassicutis Adsinicolus Hoffman In Florida (Polydesrnida: Xystodesmidae), Rowland M. Shelley

Insecta Mundi

The xystodesmid milliped tribe Pachydesmini is represented in the southeastern states by three genera - Pachydesmus Cook, Dicellarius Chamberlin, and Thrinaxoria Chamberlin and Hoffman -eight species, and five subspecies (Hoffman 1958, 1999; Shelley 1984, 2002). The only one presently known from Florida is Dicellarius, represented by D. okefenokensis (Chamberlin), in the peninsula, and D. b. bimaculatus (McNeill) and D. b. fictus (Chamberlin) in the panhandle (Shelley 1984,2001).

Xalpirta, N. Gen., And Crotch (1876) From Chile And South America (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritominae), Paul E. Skelley, Tomas Cekalovic K.

Insecta Mundi

Members of the genera Neoxestus Crotch (1876) and Xalpirta, n. gen., are revieewed. Neoxestus is an endemic Chlean genus of flightless species. Xalpirta has 9 species restricted to southern South American, most of which are found only in Chile. New species described are Neoxestus cauquenes, N. lucile, N. nahuelbuta, N. nonguen, N. norma, Xalpirtaelsa, X. stellaris, X. arnetti, and X. peckorum. A new name, Xalpirtaguerini, nom. nov., is proposed for the species Triplaxbicolor Guerin (1952). Diagnoses, keys to species, maps and illustrations are provided for the genera and species.

First Records Of The Subfamily Acaenitinae In Florida (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Charles C. Porter

Insecta Mundi

Acaenitines have five genera and 18 species in North American forests (Townes 1960). Several of these occur in the eastern United States, but none is recorded from Florida; however, recent fieldwork in Florida yielded four species: Arotes decorus (Say), Spilopteron formosum (Cresson), S. occiputale (Cresson) and S. vicinum (Cresson) . These inhabit mature forests and attack wood-boring beetle larvae in dead trunks. There are no Florida host records, but Townes (1960) and Cushman and Rohwer (1920) report that in the northeastern states A. decorus was reared from Tomoxia (Mordellidae) in Carya (Juglandaceae), S. formosum from Bellamira (Cerambycidae) in Betula (Betulaceae), …

Rediscovery And Redescription Of Ceradryops Punctatus Hinton, 1937 (Coleoptera: Dryopidae), P. J. Spangler, C. L. Staines

Insecta Mundi

Ceradryops punctatus Hinton horn Sri Lanka is redescribed and illustrated. Notes are made on the

Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) Of Ornamental Plants From SãO Carlos, SãO Paulo, Brazil, A. L. B. G. Peronti, D. R. Miller, C. R. Sousa-Silva

Insecta Mundi

A list of 35 scale insects collected from 72 ornamental plant species in São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil is provided. Regarding host specificity, 30 scale insects were polyphagous, 4 oligophagous, and 1 monophagous. A total of 102 coccoid/plant associations are recorded, 29 of which are new host records for the species; 60 are new host records for the species in Brazil. Pulvinaria urbicola Cockerell, 1893 (Coccidae), Phenacoccus similis Granara de Willink, 1983 (Pseudococcidae), and Orthezia molinarii (Morrison, 1952) (Ortheziidae) are recorded for the first time in Brazil. In addition, we describe the injury caused by scale insects on ornamental plants.

Identification Of Screwworms, Cochliomyia Hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), With A Monoclonal Antibody-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Mab-Elisa), J. L. Figarola, Steven R. Skoda, Dennis R. Berkebile, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Myiasis caused by screwworms, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), is devastating to warmblooded animals and economically important to livestock producers. It is difficult to distinguish these pests, immature screwworms, from immatures of other non-pest fly species that often occur in animal wounds; it would be helpful to have tools available that do not rely on morphological characteristics. We developed twomonoclonal antibodies (MAbs), highly specific for the screwworm, and used them in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAb-ELISA), that differentiated screwworm eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults from those of the closely related secondary screwworm, C. macellaria (Fabricius) as well as Phormia regina (Meigen), Phaenicia …

Revision Of The Genus Holocephalus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Coprini), Andrew Smith, François Génier

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

The genus Holocephalus Hope is revised and now contains five species: H. cristatus (Gillet), H. eridanus (Olivier), H. julieni sp.nov. H. sculptus (Gillet), and H. simoni sp.nov. All taxa are described and illustrated. A key to speies of Holocephalus is included. Lectotypes are designated for H. eridanus and H. sculptus. Scarabaeus eridanus Olivier is designated as the type species for the generic name Atrichius Gillet (a junior synonym of Holocephalus).

On révise le genre Holocephalus Hope qui regroupe maintenant cinq es-pèces, soit H. cristatus (Gillet), H. eridanus (Olivier), H. julieni sp.nov., H. sculptus (Gillet) et H. simoni …

Transgenic Insecticidal Corn: The Agronomic And Ecological Rationale For Its Use, Eldon E. Ortman, B. Dean Barry, Laurent L. Buschman, Dennis D. Calvin, Janet Carpenter, Galen P. Dively, John E. Foster, Billy W. Fuller, Richard L. Hellmich, Randall A. Higgens, Thomas E. Hunt, Gary P. Munkvold, Kenneth R. Ostlie, Marlin E. Rice, Richard T. Rousch, Mark K. Sears, Anthony M. Shelton, Blair D. Siegfried, Phillip E. Sloderbeck, Kevin L. Steffey, F. Tom Turpin, John L. Wedberg

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

We agree with Obrycki et al. (2001) that a broad-based ecological approach for new pest management technologies is desirable, but we unanimously and strongly disagree with some of their assumptions and conclusions about Bt corn. Bt corn is corn that has been genetically engineered to produce insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. Because Bt corn is important for effective and ecologically sound management of lepidopteran pests of corn,we provide here relevant data, some of which is new, to help clarify the issues raised by Obrycki et al. (2001). Obrycki et al. (2001), citing Barry and Darrah (1991), claim that …

Pb1215-Disease Control In The Home Vegetable Garden, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Home Garden, Lawn, and Landscape

Control of vegetable pests (diseases, insects, weeds) involves a total production program that includes both chemical and non-chemical means of pest control. The establishment of a healthy, vigorous crop is central to a successful pest control program. Production practices such as maintaining proper soil pH and fertility are helpful in reducing potential losses from all types of pests.

This publication deals mainly with chemical and biological pest control, because these recommendations change more often than do cultural practices. Cultural practices of pest control are extremely important and are addressed throughout the publication.

Xenogeniates, A New And Unusual Genus Of Geniatine Scarab (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Geniatini) From Brazil, Karla Villatoro, Mary Liz Jameson

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

A new genus and species of geniatine scarab is described from southeastern Brazil. The genus Xenogeniates is characterized by the unusual shape of the mesosternum, which is strongly invaginated and concave. Unusual characteristics of the taxon are discussed in relation to the Rutelinae and the Scarabaeidae.

Monarch Larvae Sensitivity To Bacillus Thuringiensis Purified Proteins And Pollen, Richard L. Hellmich, Blair D. Siegfried, Mark K. Sears, Diane E. Stanley-Horn, Michael J. Daniels, Heather R. Mattila, Terrence A. Spencer, Keith J. Bidne, Leslie C. Lewis

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Laboratory tests were conducted to establish the relative toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins and pollen from Bt corn to monarch larvae. Toxins tested included Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry9C, and Cry1F. Three methods were used: (i) purified toxins incorporated into artificial diet, (ii) pollen collected from Bt corn hybrids applied directly to milkweed leaf discs, and (iii) Bt pollen contaminated with corn tassel material applied directly to milkweed leaf discs. Bioassays of purified Bt toxins indicate that Cry9C and Cry1F proteins are relatively nontoxic to monarch first instars, whereas first instars are sensitive to Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac proteins. Older instars were …

Corn Pollen Deposition On Milkweeds In And Near Cornfields, John M. Pleasants, Richard L. Hellmich, Galen P. Dively, Mark K. Sears, Diane E. Stanley-Horn, Heather R. Mattila, John E. Foster, Peter Clark, Gretchen D. Jones

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The density of corn pollen on leaves of milkweed plants inside and outside of cornfields was measured in several studies from different localities. The purpose was to obtain a representative picture of naturally occurring pollen densities to provide a perspective for laboratory and field studies of monarch larvae feeding on milkweed leaves with Bt corn pollen. Pollen density was highest (average 170.6 grains per cm²) inside the cornfield and was progressively lower from the field edge outward, falling to 14.2 grains per cm² at 2 m. Inside the cornfield, and for each distance from the field edge, …

Impact Of Bt Corn Pollen On Monarch Butterfly Populations: A Risk Assessment, Mark K. Sears, Richard L. Hellmich, Diane L. Stanley-Horn, Karen S. Oberhauser, John M. Pleasants, Heather R. Mattila, Blair D. Siegfried, Galen P. Dively

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A collaborative research effort by scientists in several states and in Canada has produced information to develop a formal risk assessment of the impact of Bt corn on monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) populations. Information was sought on the acute toxic effects of Bt corn pollen and the degree to which monarch larvae would be exposed to toxic amounts of Bt pollen on its host plant, the common milkweed, Asclepias syriaca, found in and around cornfields. Expression of Cry proteins, the active toxicant found in Bt corn tissues, differed among hybrids, and especially so in the concentrations found …

Monarch Larvae Sensitivity To Bacillus Thuringiensis Purified Proteins And Pollen, Richard L. Hellmich, Blair Siegfried, Mark K. Sears, Diane E. Stanley-Horn, Michael J. Daniels, Heather R. Matilla, Terrence A. Spencer, Keith G. Bidne, Leslie C. Lewis

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Laboratory tests were conducted to establish the relative toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins and pollen from Bt corn to monarch larvae. Toxins tested included Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry9C, and Cry1F. Three methods were used: (i) purified toxins incorporated into artificial diet, (ii) pollen collected from Bt corn hybrids applied directly to milkweed leaf discs, and (iii) Bt pollen contaminated with corn tassel material applied directly to milkweed leaf discs. Bioassays of purified Bt toxins indicate that Cry9C and Cry1F proteins are relatively nontoxic to monarch first instars, whereas first instars are sensitive to Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac proteins. Older …

Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Species Attacking Chestnut And Captured In Ethanol-Baited Traps In Middle Tennessee, Jason B. Oliver, Catharine M. Mannion

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Ambrosia beetles can be important pests of nursery production. The beetles are difficult to control with insecticides, requiring that pesticides be closely timed before tree attack, applied repeatedly, or have long residual activity. The goal of this project was to improve management decisions for ambrosia beetle control in nurseries. This study used ethanol-baited traps, field observations of tree attacks, and emergence cages over beetle galleries to determine the following: (1) composition of ambrosia beetle fauna in middle Tennessee, (2) species responsible for attacks on chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume), a susceptible tree species, (3) timing of tree attacks and progeny emergence, …

Lnduced Resistance To Bean Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) In Soybean, P. Srinivas, Stephen D. Danielson, C. Michael Smith, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Induced resistance in soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, to the bean leaf beetle, Cerotoma trifurcata (Forster), was investigated in greenhouse experiments using the treatments of mechanical injury, a chemical inducer (ActigardrM, Novartis Crop Protection lnc., Greensboro, NC) and defoliation by the bean leaf beetle and the soybean looper, Pseudoplusia includens (Walker). Experiments were conducted on soybean Pl 227687, two soybean cultivars (Colfax and Williams 82) and a soybean germplasm line (HC95-24MB). Dual-choice feeding-preference tests with bean leaf beetle adults were used to assess induced resistance. Adult beetles were collected from soybean fields 2 to 5 d prior to the feeding …

The Fight Against Fruit Flies In Western Australia, Andy Sproule, Sonya Broughton, Francis De Lima, Darryl Hardie, Nic Monzu, Bill Woods

Bulletins 4000 -

Western Australia’s horticulture industry is one of the State’s growing success stories, from mangoes at Kununurra to cherries at Mt Barker. The prospects are bright, especially in export markets where ‘clean and green’ produce from Western Australia is truly valued.

One blight on this ‘clean and green’ image has been Mediterranean fruit fly or Medfly, the ‘world’s worst fruit pest’. First introduced over 100 years ago, the battle against this devastating pest has involved Government, growers and the general public.

This book is designed to provide an accurate but readable account of the fight against fruit fly, incorporating all the …

In Vitro Enzymatic Chlorophyll Catabolism In Wheat Elicited By Cereal Aphid Feeding, Xinzhi Ni, Sharron S. Quisenberry, John P. Markwell, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Leon G. Higley, Frederick P. Baxendale, Gautam Sarath, Robert Klucas

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Chlorophyll degradation is a complex phenomenon that often accompanies insect feeding damage to plants. Loss of chlorophyll can be initiated by several reactions, including oxidative bleaching, chlorophyllase activity, and Mg-dechelatase activity. Extracts from the Russian wheat aphid [Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko)], the bird cherry-oat aphid [Rhopalosiphum padi (L.)], and aphid-infested and uninfested wheat plants were assayed in vitro for activities involved in chlorophyll degradation. Although the initial infestation was the same (10 apterous adults) for both aphid species, D. noxia weight was significantly higher than R. padi after feeding for 12 days. Consequently, D. noxia feeding caused greater fresh …

Cryopreservation Of Embryos Of The New World Screwworm Cochliomyia Hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae), R.A. Leopold, W.B. Wang, Dennis Berkebile, T.P. Freeman

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A method for cryopreserving embryos of the screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), was developed for the long-term storage of strains used in research projects and for colonies maintained as back-up to production strains that are mass-reared for sterile insect release programs. This protocol, when combined with a previous procedure that was designed to render screwworm embryos permeable to water loss and the influx of cryoprotectants, yields rates of ~53% hatching, 22% pupation, and 75% adult emergence. These yields are all lower than control levels, but by the next generation the progeny of the cryopreserved flies are near or equal to control …

Tyrannasorus Rex Ratcliffe And Ocampo, A New Genus And Species Of Miocene Hybosorid In Amber From The Dominican Republic (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Hybosoridae), Brett C. Ratcliffe, Federico Carlos Ocampo

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Tyrannasorus rex Ratcliffe and Ocampo (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Hybosoridae), a new genus and new species of fossil hybosorid, is described from the Dominican Republic. This fossil scarabaeoid is embedded in the amber resin of Hymenaea protera Poinar (Leguminosae), and it dates from the Miocene.

Se describe Tyrannasorus rex Ratcliffe and Ocampo (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Hybosoridae), un nuevo género y especie de hybosórido fosil de República Dominicana. Este scarabeoideo fósil está incluído en ámbar originado de la resina de Hymenaea protera Poinar (Leguminosae) y data del Mioceno.

A Review Of The Neotropical Genus Neocorvicoana Ratcliffe And Micó, New Genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Gymnetini), Brett C. Ratcliffe, Estefanía Micó

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

The southern Neotropical cetoniine genus Neocorvicoana Ratcliffe and Micó new genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Gymnetini) is established for three species previously placed in Corvicoana Strand, 1934 (nomen nudum) and Gymnetis MacLeay, 1819: N. chalybea (Kirby), N. reticulata (Schürhoff), and N. tricolor (Schürhoff), new combinations. The type species of the new genus is N. reticulata (Kirby). Corvicoana rudolfi (Frölich) is transferred to the genus Gymnetis. Corvicoana suavis (Schürhoff) and C. castanea (Schürhoff) are junior synonyms of N. chalybea. We include a taxonomic key to the species, nomenclatural history, descriptions, illustrations, and commentary.

Se establece el género Neocorvicoana Ratcliffe …