Life Sciences Commons^™

Expertos Analizan Impacto Del Cambio Climático En Granos Básicos Y Sorgos Forrajeros En El Salvador, Kimberly Christiansen

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

En el evento participan profesionales de El Salvador, así como de las universidades de Kansas State y Purdue, de Estados Unidos.

Exponer y analizar los principales efectos derivados del cambio climático en los cultivos de El Salvador, así como el impacto que ha tenido la adopción de variedades forrajeras de sorgo en el país, son los objetivos principales de los foros realizados este miércoles por el Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal “Enrique Álvarez Córdova” (CENTA) con apoyo del Instituto Internacional de Sorgo, Mijo y otros granos (INTSORMIL).

Rentabilidad De La Introduccion De Nuevos Cultivares De Sorgo En La Industria Lactea De El Salvador: Estudio De Impacto Economico, Alexis H. Villacís, John H. Sanders

INTSORMIL Presentations

La introducción de nuevas tecnologías:

Propulsor del desarrollo agrícola.

Sorgos sensitivos:

Reserva o póliza de seguro

Introducidos recientemente desde los años 70 para la siembra en los valles en la segunda temporada.

Últimos 30 años introducción acelerada: Alimentación de aves y en el sector del ganado lechero.

Inversiones de CENTA y MAG.

Aumento de ingresos:

Mayor demanda de alimentos de alta calidad (carne, leche, queso, frutas y verduras).

Investigación agrícola dirigida por René Clara del CENTA: Desarrollo de nuevos cultivares.

Investigación agrícola y extensionismo es costoso:

Rentabilidad de las inversiones públicas?

Quiénes fueron los beneficiarios?

Returns To The Introduction Of New Sorghum Cultivars Into The Dairy Industry Of El Salvador, Alexis H. Villacís, John H. Sanders

INTSORMIL Presentations

The driver of agricultural development is the introduction of new technology. Sensitive sorghums have long been a critical component of hillside Central American agriculture providing a reserve or insurance policy when the principal staple of maize falters. The insensitive sorghums have been more recently introduced since the ‘70s for planting in the valleys in the second season. In the last thirty years the introduction of new insensitive cultivars has accelerated initially for poultry and in the previous two decades for dairy production. This growth has been facilitated by strategic investments in research by CENTA and the Ministry of Agriculture.

As …

Climate Change And Climate Variability: El Salvador – Impacts On Productivity Of Grain Crops And Opportunities For Management And Improvement, P. V. Vara Prasad

INTSORMIL Presentations

1. Climate change and climate variability (past and future).

2. Climate change and variability in El Salvador (climate models).

3. Impact of temperature on grain yield of dry bean, maize and sorghum in El Salvador (crop simulation models).

4. Effects of temperature, drought and/or carbon dioxide: experimental evidence (response of grain sorghum, maize and dry bean).

5. Opportunities for crop management and genetic improvement.

Arkansas Soybean Performance Tests 2011, R. D. Bond, D. G. Dombek, J. A. Still, R. M. Pryor

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Soybean variety and strain performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture Arkansas Crop Variety Improvement Program. The tests provide information to companies developing varieties and/or marketing seed within the state, and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating variety recommendations for soybean producers.

Economic Contribution Of The Agricultural Sector To The Arkansas Economy In 2009, Katherine Mcgraw, Jennie Popp, Wayne Miller

Research Reports and Research Bulletins

This report is the sixth in a series of reports examining agriculture’s economic contribution on the Arkansas economy. Utilizing data from the United States Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), USDA Economic Research Service (ERS), USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), and Minnesota IMPLAN Group, Inc. (MIG), the economic contribution of agriculture on the Arkansas economy was estimated for the most recent year available, 2009. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State information for Arkansas in 2009 was compared with those of other states in the southeast U.S. to give a measure of the relative importance of agriculture in Arkansas.2 The total …

Rentibilidad De La Introducción De Nuevas Variedades De Sorgo Del Centa En La Industria Lechera De El Salvador: Ponencia Presentada En La Conferencia Del Centa: "Cambio Climático E Impacto De Los Sorgos Forrajeros" Diciembre 7, 2011, San Salvador, El Salvador, Alexis H. Villacís, John H. Sanders

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

El propulsor del desarrollo agrlcola es la introducción de nuevas tecnologlas. Sorgos fotosensitivos' han sido un componente crítico en la agricultura de las laderas centroamericanas, ofreciendo una reserva o póliza de seguro cuando el alimento básico principal de maiz tambalea. Los sorgos foto-insensitivos han sido introducidos recientemente desde los anos 70 para la siembra en postrera en los valles. En los últimos treinta anos, la introducción de nuevas variedades insensitivas se ha acelerado, en un inicio para las aves de corral y en las dos décadas anteriores para la producción lechera. Este crecimiento ha sido posible gracias a las inversiones …

Diversification Or Cotton Recovery In The Malian Cotton Zone: Effects On Households And Women, Jeanne Yekeleya Coulibaly

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

This dissertation investigates income diversification alternatives from the cotton economy and compares those initiatives with present policy measures to restore the cotton sector in Mali. It also derives the welfare implications for women of these various policy measures.

During the decade preceding 2011, farmers’ incomes in the cotton zone of Mali have been significantly affected by the downturn of the cotton economy explained by many factors including the low farm gate cotton price, the declining cotton yields and soil fertility concerns. In 2011, the Malian government substantially increased the farm gate cotton price as a result of the world cotton …

Sorgo Centa S-2 Bmr: Nueva Variedad Forrajera, René Clará Valencia, Salvador Zeledón, Máximo Hernández, Ricardo Estebez Jeorge, Marcos Mejía, Berta Nely Menjivar, Marlon Sorto

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

El uso tradicional del grano de sorgo en nuestro país ha sido principalmente en la alimentación de especies menores, mientras que los rastrojos de este cultivo se han utilizado para alimentar al ganado bovino especialmente durante la época seca. En ganaderías de subsistencia yen otras explotaciones lecheras más tecnificadas emplean los forrajes conservados como silo o heno para suplir las necesidades alimenticias durante la época seca que es la más crítica para la alimentación.

Algunas ganaderlas tecnificadas prefieren el maíz para ensilarlo debido a su mayor valor nutritivo; sin embargo la incorporación de los genes "bmr' en las nuevas variedades …

Annual Warm-Season Grasses Vary For Forage Yield, Quality, And Competitiveness With Weeds, Andrew W. Lenssen, S. Dennis Cash

Andrew W. Lenssen

Warm-season annual grasses may be suitable as forage crops in integrated weed management systems with reduced herbicide use. A 2-year field study was conducted to determine whether tillage system and nitrogen (N) fertilizer application method influenced crop and weed biomass, water use, water use efficiency (WUE), and forage quality of three warm-season grasses, and seed production by associated weeds. Tillage systems were zero tillage and conventional tillage with a field cultivator. The N fertilization methods were urea broadcast or banded near seed rows at planting. Warm-season grasses seeded were foxtail (Setaria italica L.) and proso (Panicum mileaceum L.) millets, and …

Rice (Oryza Sativa) Response To Low Glyphosate Rates As Influenced By Cultivar, Growth Stage, And Imazethapyr Applications, Jason R. Meier

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Off-target movement of glyphosate onto rice is a perennial concern when rice is grown in close proximity to glyphosate-tolernat crops. If differential tolerance to sub-lethal rates of glyphosate exists among rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars, these cultivars could be utilized in breeding programs or glyphosate-drift sensitive areas. Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted in 2006 and 2007 to examine differences among rice cultivars in response to sub-lethal rates of glyphosate, and to examine imidazolinone-tolerant rice response to imazethapyr and sub-lethal rates of glyphosate applied sequentially to determine the potential for either herbicide to predispose rice to greater injury. In the field …

Determination Of Poultry Litter's Nitrogen-Fertilizer Value For Winter Wheat Production, Brett Lee Gordon

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Nitrogen (N) availability in poultry litter (PL) applied in the fall as a nutrient source for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has not been adequately characterized. Our objective was to determine a potentially available N (PAN) coefficient based on the inorganic-N fertilizer equivalence (FEQ) of fall-applied PL to winter wheat via field and laboratory research. Wheat grown at six site-years received 0, 84 and 168 kg N ha-1 as PL applied preplant and/or at-planting. The FEQ of PL-N was based on growth and yield responses of wheat fertilized with 22 to 191 kg N ha-1 applied in late winter as …

Impact Of Switchgrass Bioenergy Feedstock Production On Soil Carbon Dioxide Flux And Below Ground Soil Organic Carbon Storage In East Tennessee, Leah Denise Soro

Masters Theses

Bioenergy production from switchgrass has shown promise in restoring degraded soils and helping to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. CO₂ loss and C-sequestration in soils are important topics for research to better understand the environmental impacts of bioenergy crops. The need for more thorough research of the carbon cycle in soils used for bioenergy production precipitated the primary interest of this study. The specific objectives of this study were 1) to measure SOC under switchgrass production in order to predict storage of carbon in soils based on previous cropping history, land management, soil physical characteristics, and time; and to …

Integrated Strategies For Controlling Warm-Season Turfgrass Weeds, Matthew Thomas Elmore

Masters Theses

Herbicidal inhibitors of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) such as mesotrione, topramezone and tembotrione were evaluated in greenhouse experiments for activity against bermudagrass. While topramezone and tembotrione exhibited greater activity than mesotrione, none of these herbicides provided acceptable bermudagrass control. These herbicides reduced leaf tissue chlorophyll and carotenoid pigment concentrations in bermudagrass. Changes in turfgrass pigmentation were quantified using HPLC analogy as well as evaluations of visual bleaching and measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence yield (F_v/F_m). Results indicated that these more expeditious methods of evaluating HPPD-inhibiting herbicide activity (visual evaluations and F_v/F_m) cannot be used …

Pb1742 Tennessee Cotton Variety Test Results 2011, Chris L. Main, Fred L. Allen

Field & Commercial Crops

Version 5.0

Smp1-3 Insight Into Seed Longevity, Taylor Lloyd

Kaleidoscope

No abstract provided.

Improvement Of Farmers' Incomes Through Improved Processing Of Sorghum And Millets In West Africa, Ababacar Sadikh N'Doye, Bruce Hamaker, Roy L. Whistler

INTSORMIL Presentations

Purdue University and ITA are very active in the USAID INTSORMIL CRSP Program for promoting the production and the consumption of millet and sorghum in West Africa. Countries involved in this program are : Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, Nigeria and Sénégal.

Market-oriented objectives of the INTSORMIL Program on millet and sorghum in West Africa:

Objective 1: Increase the supply of high quality grain through the introduction of new production technologies at the farmer level in West Africa.

Objective 2: Contribute to the development of the processing sector through technologies improvement , more effective technology transfer to processors, and better links …

Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Perfomance Tests 2011, R. D. Bond, D. G. Dombeck, J. A. Still

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Corn and grain sorghum performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture. The tests provide information to companies marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating recommendations for producers.

Heritable Epigenetic Variation Among Maize Inbreds, Steve R. Eichten, Ruth A. Swanson, James C. Schnable, Amanda J. Waters, Peter J. Hermanson, Sanzhen Liu, Cheng-Ting Yeh, Yi Jia, Karla Gendler, Michael Freeling, Patrick S. Schnable, Matthew W. Vaughn, Nathan M. Springer

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Epigenetic variation describes heritable differences that are not attributable to changes in DNA sequence. There is the potential for pure epigenetic variation that occurs in the absence of any genetic change or for more complex situations that involve both genetic and epigenetic differences. Methylation of cytosine residues provides one mechanism for the inheritance of epigenetic information. A genome-wide profiling of DNA methylation in two different genotypes of Zea mays (ssp. mays), an organism with a complex genome of interspersed genes and repetitive elements, allowed the identification and characterization of examples of natural epigenetic variation. The distribution of DNA methylation …

W283 Should Tennessee Tobacco Growers Invest In Irrigation, Fertigation Or Plastic Mulch?, Brian G. Leib, Eric F. Caldwell, Hubert J. Savoy, John R. Buchanan

Field & Commercial Crops

Version 2.0

From The Dean And Director, Gary Pierzynski

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

This issue of the Ag Report has an international theme. It features our efforts to train the Kansas National Guard agribusiness development teams deploying to Afghanistan and some of our international activities in Africa.

Grain Science Honors Alumni And Industry Leaders, Gloria Holcombe

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

The Department of Grain Science and Industry recognized eight distinguished individuals at its spring luncheon.

Outstanding Service Awards were presented to Aaron Harries, John Khoury,John Mathew, and Jim Rempe. Outstanding Alumni Awards went to Fred Merrill, Bill Pursley, Dale Rodman, and Lloyd Rooney.

Borlaug Fellowship Opens Doors For Rachel Opole [Student Accolades], Mary Lou Peter

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Rachel Opole grew up in Nairobi, Kenya’s capitol, and the K-State doctoral student developed an early interest in livestock and crop production. Those interests, largely influenced by her parents, inspired her desire to improve crops grown to feed people. To enhance her work in that area, Opole earned the Norman E. Borlaug Leadership Enhancement in Agriculture Program (LEAP) fellowship, administered by the University of California–Davis.

Plant Pathologist And Grain Scientist Earn K-State’S Highest Honor, Gloria Holcombe

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Two innovative College of Agriculture faculty — John Leslie, professor and head of the Department of Plant Pathology, and Xiuzhi “Susan” Sun, professor of grain science and industry — were selected university distinguished professors, a lifetime title and the highest honor K-State bestows on its faculty.

Beneficial Partnerships: K-Staters Conduct Projects Throughout Africa, Gloria Holcombe, Timothy Dalton

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Africa grows many of the same crops as Kansas, including sorghum and wheat. In fact, sorghum germplasm came from Africa, and now Kansas is the No. 1 sorghum producer in the United States.

K-State has expertise in grain storage issues, wheat and grain sorghum milling, and growing crops under dryland and irrigated conditions — vital information for African producers. Faculty secure grant funding to cover travel and other expenses associated with these partnerships. As an added bonus, they bring international experience into the classroom to share with their students. International collaborations help develop networks to share research, establish new markets, …

Arkansas Wheat Cultivar Performance Tests 2010-2011, R. E. Mason, R. G. Miller, R. D. Bond, E. A. Milus, J. P. Kelley, R. K. Bacon

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Wheat cultivar performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences. The tests provide information to companies developing cultivars and/or marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating cultivar recommendations for small-grain producers.

Weed Science Research Summaries 2010, K. L. Smith, J A. Bullington, R. C. Doherty, J. R. Meier

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Soil And Foliar Applications Of Zinc On Grain Zinc Concentrations Of Maize, Sorghum And Wheat In Zambia, Obed I. Lungu, S. Simunji, I. Cakmak

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

Micronutrient deficiencies are quite widespread in Sub‐Saharan Africa including Zambia. A survey study of selenium and zinc content in selected soils and staple food crops showed low concentrations that suggested that populations might be at risk of low intake of these micronutrients through the diet. The beneficial effects of Se and Zn are well documented in human populations (Black et al. 2008). Agronomic bio‐fortification offers a promising strategy to address micronutrient deficiency in the diet (Cakmak, 2008). This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of soil and foliar applications of Zn on Zn concentrations in maize, sorghum and wheat.

Construction Of The Next Generation Of Energy Efficient Light Boxes - Sponsored By Bayer Environmental Science, Gregory Keith Bartley Jr.

Gregory Keith Bartley Jr.

This short presentation includes an overview of features that went into constructing a new type of light box technology utilizing low-power usage LEDs and Low Density flexible Polymers. This light box was constructed for digital image analysis of plant health and ground cover using a Canon Powershot G12 camera and Sigma Scan Digital Image Analysis Software.

Miscanthus 3 Giganteus Productivity: The Effects Of Management In Different Environments, Matt Maughan, German Bollero, D.K. Lee, Robert Darmody, Stacy Bonos, Laura Cortese, James Murphy, Roch E. Gaussoin, Matthew Sousek, David Williams, Linda Williams, Fernando Miguez, Thomas Voigt

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Miscanthus 9 giganteus is a C4 perennial grass that shows great potential as a high-yielding biomass crop. Scant research has been published that reports M. 9 giganteus growth and biomass yields in different environments in the United States. This study investigated the establishment success, plant growth, and dry biomass yield of M. 9 giganteus during its first three seasons at four locations (Urbana, IL; Lexington, KY; Mead, NE; Adelphia, NJ) in the United States. Three nitrogen rates (0, 60, and 120 kg ha -1) were applied at each location each year. Good survival of M. 9 giganteus during its first …