Life Sciences Commons^™

Atrazine Runoff In The Blue River Basin: Geomorphology, Rainfall, And Agronomic Practices, Kundan Dhakal

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Atrazine concentrations in the Big Blue River Basin (BRB) in Nebraska and Kansas periodically exceed the U.S. EPA Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 3 µg L^-1. The present study is focused on watershed variables influencing surface runoff of atrazine. The assessment includes the impact of corn and sorghum planting progress (indicating atrazine application), rainfall, antecedent soil water content, and soil restrictive layer on stream-measured weekly atrazine load in independent BRB subwatersheds for 1997 - 2004. Maximum atrazine loading occurred after most of the corn had been planted but during sorghum planting from mid-May to early June, immediately following …

Arkansas Soybean Performance Tests 2004, D. G. Dombek, D. K. Ahrent, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Performance Tests 2004, D. G. Dombek, D. K. Ahrent, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Field Evaluations Of Herbicides On Vegetable, Small Fruit, And Ornamental Crops, 2000, 2001, & 2002, Ron E. Talbert, Mike L. Lovelace, Eric F. Scherder, Mayank S. Malik

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Field evaluations of herbicides provide the chemical industry, governmental agencies, such as IR-4, and the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station with an evaluation of herbicide performance on small fruit, vegetable, and ornamental crops grown under Arkansas conditions. This report provides a means for disseminating information to interested private and public service weed scientists.

Summaries Of Arkansas Cotton Research 2003, Derrick M. Oosterhuis

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Horticultural Studies 2003, James A. Robbins, Brad Murphy, Mike Richardson

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

We are pleased to bring you the sixth edition of Horticultural Studies. This publication, beginning with Horticultural Studies 1998, has continued to bring to the citizens of Arkansas the latest reports about horticultural crop research being conducted throughout the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. Our goal with this publication was to bring annual up-to-date findings to the horticultural community in Arkansas so that you could utilize these new findings and/or contact the researchers for further information. We hope that this goal is being met. As editors, we strive to make this publication reader-friendly, timely, and hopefully of value to …

Ua66/5 Newsletter, Wku Agriculture

WKU Archives Records

Newsletter created by WKU Agriculture Department re: faculty/staff, students/alumni, student organizations and clubs and donors.

The Muscadine Experience: Adding Value To Enhance Profits, Justin R. Morris, Pamela L. Brady

Research Reports and Research Bulletins

The University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture received a grant from the USDA’s Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems (IFAFS) program. The purpose was to help small- and medium-sized farmers and entrepreneurs become more profitable and therefore add stability to the family farm. One approach to doing this is to investigate opportunities to enhance profits by adding value to traditional raw products.

B. R. Wells Rice Research Studies 2003, R. J. Norman, J.-F. Meullenet, K. A.K. Moldenhauer

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Arkansas is the leading rice-producing state in the U.S., representing just over 48% of the total U.S. production and 48.5% of the total acres planted to rice. Rice cultural practices vary across the state and across the U.S. However, due to changing political, environmental, and economic times, the practices are dynamic. This survey was initiated in 2002 to monitor how the changing times reflect the changes in the way Arkansas rice producers approach their livelihood. The survey was conducted by polling county extension agents in each of the counties in Arkansas where rice is produced. Questions included topics such as …

Application Of Response Surface Methodology For Studying The Product Characteristics Of Extruded Rice-Cowpea-Groundnut Blends, Emmanuel Asare, Samuel Sefa-Dedeh, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa

Professor Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa

Response surface methodology (with central composite rotatable design for k=3 was used to investigate the product properties of extruded rice-cowpea-groundnut blends in a single screw extruder. The combined effect of cowpea (0-20%), groundnut (0-10%), and feed moisture (14-48%) levels were used for formulation of the products. The product moisture, expansion ratio, bulk density and total colour change were studied using standard analytical methods. Well-expanded rice-legume blend extrudates of less bulk density and lower moisture content were produced at low feed moisture. Increasing legume addition affected the various shades of colour in the product. Models developed for the indices gave R2 …

The Microflora Of Fermented Nixtamalized Corn, Samuel Sefa-Dedeh, Beatrice Cornelius, Wisdom Amoa-Awua, Esther Sakyi-Dawson, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa

Professor Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa

Nixtamalization is a traditional process that improves the nutritional quality of corn. To provide a means of utilizing the nutritional benefits of nixtamalized corn and improve product acceptability, lactic acid fermentation was applied. The objective of the study was to study the microbial profile and establish the important lactobacilli of fermenting nixtamalized corn dough. Two batches of cleaned whole corn were subjected to the process of nixtamalization, using two concentrations of lime (0.5 or 1.0%), milled, made into a dough (50% moisture) and fermented spontaneously for 72 h. A control sample was prepared without alkaline treatment. pH and titratable acidity …

Validación De Variedades: Fotosensitivas De Sorgo En El Norte De Nicaragua, Sergio A. Cuadra C.

INTSORMIL Presentations

Objetivo General:

Desarrollar variedades de millón en condiciones agro climáticas marginales, que logren garantizar la seguridad alimentaría (humana y animal), de las familias rurales que dependen de este cultivo.

Específicos:

Identificar las variedades de millón con mejor comportamiento agronómico mediante análisis de adaptabilidad y riesgo que permitan realizar recomendaciones con criterios técnicos y cualitativos. Comparar los beneficios económicos entre las diferentes alternativas tecnológicas propuestas y la testigo.

Conclusiones y Recomendaciones

La superioridad productiva de los genotipos ES 790 y 85 SCP 805 sobre la variedad INTA Segovia (testigo) es significativa, teniendo un incremento del 20.3 y 18.8% respectivamente sobre este …

Agribusiness Sheep Updates - 2004 Part 3, Ken Hart, Keith Croker, Rob Davidson, Mario D'Antuono, Evan Burt, Tanya Kilminster, Diana Fedorenko, Darryl Mcclements, Robert Beard, Sandy Turton, Martin Atwell, Robert Beard

Sheep Updates

Posters Can Merino Ewes be Teased to Synchronise Oestrus for a Summer/Autumn Mating? Ken Hart, Keith Croker, Department of Agriculture Western Australia, Rob Davidson, School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia. Mario D'Antuono, Department of Agriculture Western Australia Damara Sheep: Now Looking Domestic Evan Burt and Tanya Kilminster, Department of Agriculture Western Australia Production and Water Use of Lucerne and French Serradella Under Three Sowing Rates Diana Fedorenko1,4, Darryl McClements1,4 , Robert Beard3,4 1Department of Agriculture, 3 Farmer, Meckering, 4CRC for Plant-based Management of Dryland Salinity. E-SHEEP - Individual Animal Management is here Sandy Turton & Martin Atwell, Department …

Arkansas Small-Grain Cultivar Performance Tests 2003-2004, J. T. Kelly, C. E. Parsons, R. K. Bacon

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Small-grain cultivar performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station , Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences. The tests provide information to companies developing cultivars and/or marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating cultivar recommendations for small-grain producers.

Effects Of Cowpea Fortification, Dehydration Method And Storage Time On Some Quality Characteristics Of Maize-Based Traditional Weaning Foods., Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Samuel Sefa-Dedeh, Esther Sakyi-Dawson

Professor Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa

Fortification of cereal-based traditional foods with legume protein can improve their nutritional value. It is, however, important to find out the extent to which the addition of cowpea affects the desirable quality characteristics of traditional weaning foods prepared from fermented maize and also to assess the effect of dehydration method and storage time on the chemical, physico-chemical and functional properties of the products. A 3 x 2 x 4 factorial experiment with cowpea level, drying method and storage time as the respective variables was done. The traditional weaning food was prepared by steeping maize in water for 24 hours, mixed …

Pb1096 Liming Acid Soils In Tennessee, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Field & Commercial Crops

Soil test results indicate that approximately 50 percent of the cropland in Tennessee is too acid for optimum crop production. Because of this, determining the need for lime should be the first step in developing a sound crop fertilization program. Lime neutralizes excess soil acids and increases pH. If not limed as needed, soils continue to become more acid, reducing the soil’s potential to produce healthy plants and profitable yields.

Evaluation Of Small Grain Forage Crops And Cultivars Of Soft Red Winter Wheat For Stocker Cattle, L. B. Daniels, K. F. Harrison, D. S. Hubbell Iii, E. B. Kegley, D. Hellwig, Z. B. Johnson

Research Reports and Research Bulletins

Use of small grain forage crops for stocker cattle production was extensively evaluated in two separate three-year research projects at the Livestock and Forestry Branch Research Station near Batesville, Ark. The first section of this Research Report presents results of a study in which 216 commercial crossbred steers (Avg. body weights 463 lb) grazed forage of wheat, oats, rye, ryegrass, wheat + rye, wheat + ryegrass, rye + ryegrass, and wheat + rye + ryegrass during the winter and spring months from 1999 through 2002. Grazing of these forages during the winter and spring provides excellent gains in stocker cattle …

Food Based Approaches For A Healthy Nutrition In Africa, Mamoudou Hama Dicko

Pr. Mamoudou H. DICKO, PhD

The latest estimates of the FAO demonstrate the problems of the fight against hunger. These problems are manifested by the ever-increasing number of chronically undernourished people worldwide. Their numbers during the 1999-2001 period were estimated at about 840 million of which 798 million live in developing countries. Sub-Saharan Africa alone represented 198 million of those. In this part of Africa the prevalence of undernourishment ranges from 5-34%, causing growth retardation and insufficient weight gain among one third of the children under five years of age and resulting in a mortality of 5-15% among these children. Malnutrition resulting from undernourishment is …

Mr433: Malting Quality Of Maine-Grown Barley, Iwan Surjawan, Michael P. Dougherty, Mary E. Camire, John J. Jemison

Miscellaneous Reports

Malt barley properties for three cultivars (Harrington, Klagas, and Robust) were evaluated in response to agronomic treatments: cover crops, fungicide, or nitrogen treatments. In the fungicide study, the cultivar significantly influenced protein content, β-glucan, α-amylase activity, kernel weight, and germination energy. In the nitrogen study, all the measured properties were significantly affected by the barley cultivar. The moisture range of all the barley in this study was relatively low and within the acceptable range for malting. The plots not treated with nitrogen had a lower protein content under beans-wheat (b/w) cover crop. These low protein levels suggested an acceptability for …

Sp341-E The Chinch Bug In Grain Sorghum, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Field & Commercial Crops

The chinch bug is very widely distributed throughout the United States but is rarely abundant enough to cause serious crop losses except in certain areas. However, during an outbreak, it can completely destroy stands of corn and grain sorghum.

Moisture Potential Affects Rate Of Leaf Appearance In Cool Season Grasses, Nina Cherone Terrell

McCabe Thesis Collection

The rate of leaf appearance and onset of growth in cool season grasses may be influenced by soil moisture potential and exposure to below freezing temperatures. Levels of moisture potential and days exposed to freezing temperatures, which will restrict leaf appearance, are not well defined. The first part of this study was to determine the effects of different moisture potentials on the leaf appearance rates in two cool season grasses. Italian ryegrass (IRG) and tall wheat grass (TWG) were grown hydroponically at 4 moisture potentials in seed pouches in an incubator under a photoperiod of 13 hours light and 11 …

Cattle As Grazing Management And Seed Dispersal Tools For Increasing Native Species Diversity On Great Basin Rangelands, Marina K. Whitacre

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A series of experiments evaluated: 1) the influence of seed intake and gut retention time on seed passage, recovery, and germinability; 2) fecal seeding and broadcast /trampling as techniques to incorporate seeds into a well-established Agropyron desertorum (Fisch.) Schult. stand in Skull Valley , Utah; 3) intensive grazing as a means to reduce Agropyron biomass and increase establishment and survival of seeded species; and 4) the recovery and germinability of seed extracted from dung collected from the field. Two shrubs (Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. wyomingensis Beetle & Young and Atriplex confertifolia Torr. & Frem.), a grass (Elymus elymoides (Raf.) …

Influence Of Poultry Litter On Dark Tobacco Growth And Soil Nutrient Availability, Jason Simmons

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Due to the relatively high value of dark tobacco compared with fertilizer costs, nitrogen is recommended at levels as high as 338 kg ha"1. Such rates of inorganic fertilizers increase the osmotic pressure of the soil solution and soil acidity, often causing reduced stands, Mn toxicity, Mo and Ca deficiencies, and reduced yield and quality of the cured leaf (Sims et al., 1984). Poultry litter utilized as a nutrient source is an inexpensive alternative to this dilemma due to its relatively neutral or alkaline composition. However, due the amount of chloride present in poultry litter, the University of Kentucky advises …

The Effect Of Water And Nitrogen On The Response Of Sorghum Cultivars With Contrasting Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Teshome Regassa

Teshome H. Regassa

Water and nitrogen (N) are important environmental factors limiting sorghum production. Information is lacking on the combined effects of water and N for cultivars with different degrees of water and/or N stress tolerance. Sorghum cultivars known for N and water stress tolerance difference were evaluated to identify plant characteristics contributing to N use efficiency (NUE). Cultivars San Chi San and CK-60 were evaluated at Mead, NE on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam soil under water (stress and non-stress), and N (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha⁻¹) rates. Experimental units were arranged in split-split plot and treatments were …

Field Evaluation Of Herbicides On Rice 2003, Ronald E. Talbert, Brian V. Ottis, Mayank S. Malik, Andrew T. Ellis

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Herbicide evaluation studies on rice were conducted in 2003 at the Rice Research and Extension Center near Stuttgart, Ark., in an effort to evaluate new herbicides, herbicide mixtures, and their application timings for weed control efficacy and crop tolerance. Results of these studies, in part, provide useful information to producers, fellow researchers, and the crop protection industry for the potential use of new herbicide programs for successful rice production in Arkansas.

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2003, Fred M. Bourland, S. B. Jackson, J. M. Hornbeck, F. E. Groves

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The primary aim of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed dealers establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant. In this way, the annual test facilitates the inclusion of new, improved genetic material in Arkansas cotton production.

Wayne E. Sabbe Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 2003, Nathan A. Slaton

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Rapid technological changes in crop management and production require that the research efforts also be presented in an expeditious manner. The contributions of soil fertility and fertilizers are major production factors in all Arkansas crops. The studies contained within will allow producers to compare their practices with the university's research efforts. Additionally, soil test data and fertilizer sales are presented to allow comparisons among years, crops, and other areas within Arkansas.

Effect Of Nixtamalization On The Chemical And Functional Properties Of Maize, Samuel Sefa-Dedeh, Beatrice Cornelius, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa

Professor Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa

The high utilization and consumption levels of maize in developing countries calls for investigations into new methods of processing to help introduce variety as well as improve the functionality and nutrient quality of maize-based foods. This study was carried out to determine the effect of nixtamalization on the chemical and functional characteristics of maize. A 2X4 factorial experimental design with cooking time (0, 30 min) and lime concentration (0, 0.33, 0.5 and 1.0%) was performed. Chemical composition (moisture, protein and ash), pH, titratable acidity, water absorption, colour, cooked paste viscosity and texture were determined using standard methods. The cooking time …

Harvesting Green Gold: Cultivation Of Betelvine In Sundarban, Ganesh Chandra, R L. Sagar

Ganesh Chandra

Betelvine or Pan (Piper betel L) belongs to the family Piperaceae and is a perennial aromatic creeper grown for its leaves. It is the most important cash crop and its cultivation has already brought a perceptible and conspicuous change in the livelihood security of Sundarban agriculture and its farming population. Betelvine is cultivated in a hut like structure called Boroj which is made of either square or rectangular in shape. Farmers are selling their produce at local markets as well as the distant markets in Midnapore district. The growers are also facing several constraints. The most important constraint is price …

Crop Updates 2004 - Cereals, Wal Anderson, Vivian Vanstone, Robert Loughman, Vanessa Stewart, Darshan Sharma, Christine Zaicou-Kunesch, Brenda Shackley, Mohammad Amjad, Steve Penny Jr, Glen Riethmuller, Jeromy Lemon, Mario D'Antuono, Veronika Reck, Ben Curtis, Judith Devenish, Melaine Kupsch, Anne Smith, Blakely Paynter, Roslyn Jetter, Leanne Schulz, Jocelyn Ball, Tom Sweeny, Stephen Loss, Ashleigh Brooks, Justin Fuery, Geoff Anderson, Zed Rengel, Paul Damon, Eddy Pol, Narelle Hill, Ray Tugwell, Ron Mctaggart, Nathan Moyes, John Majewski, Manisha Shanker, James Piotrowski, Ciara Beard, Kithsiri Jayasena, Kazue Tanaka, Grey Poulish, Debbie Thackray, Rohan Prince, Roger Jones, Peter Nelson, Nigel Metz, Leisa Armstrong, Yee Leong (Alex) Yung, Moin Salam, David Tennant

Crop Updates

This session covers twenty eight papers from different authors:

PLENARY

1. Declining profitability in continuous cropping systems. Is more wheat the answer on Duplex soil? Dr Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture

2. Disease implications of extending the wheat phase in low-medium rainfall areas, Dr Vivian Vanstone and Dr Robert Loughman, Department of Agriculture

3. Prolonged wheat phase on duplex soils – where do weeds set the boundary? Vanessa Stewart, Department of Agriculture

WHEAT AGRONOMY

4. Management of small grain screenings in wheat, Dr Wal Anderson and Dr Darshan Sharma, Department of Agriculture

5. Agronomic responses of new wheat varieties, Christine …