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Articles 1 - 30 of 33
Full-Text Articles in Retirement Security Law
Pensions And Passivity, Gregory S. Alexander
Pensions And Passivity, Gregory S. Alexander
Gregory S Alexander
This article discusses how modem fiduciary law has extended equity's tradition of constructing ownership as passive through the corporate pension system. It examines how the corporate pension system as a mode of owning pooled capital is a new stage of passive ownership. This stage creates a different aspect of the familiar problem of separating control from beneficial ownership. Berle and Means argued that the problem that the separation of control from ownership created was economic. The interests of managers and shareholders in the modern corporation diverge, and, they argued, this divergence diminishes the overall efficiency of the modern economy, dominated …
Newsroom: Yelnosky On State Pension Dispute, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Newsroom: Yelnosky On State Pension Dispute, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Life of the Law School (1993- )
No abstract provided.
Broker-Dealers And Investment Advisers: A Behaviorial-Economics Analysis Of Competing Suggestions For Reform, Polina Demina
Broker-Dealers And Investment Advisers: A Behaviorial-Economics Analysis Of Competing Suggestions For Reform, Polina Demina
Michigan Law Review
For the average investor trying to save for retirement or a child’s college fund, the world of investing has become increasingly complex. These retail investors must turn more frequently to financial intermediaries, such as broker-dealers and investment advisers, to get sound investment advice. Such intermediaries perform different duties for their clients, however. The investment adviser owes his client a fiduciary duty of care and therefore must provide financial advice that is in the client’s best interests, while the broker-dealer must merely provide advice that is suitable to the client’s interests—a lower standard than the fiduciary duty of care. And yet …
Gender Discrimination - European Economic Community - European Court Of Justice Determines That A Non-Contributory Occupational Pension Scheme Should Not Discriminate On The Basis Of Sex. Barber V. Royal Exchange Assurance Group, 1990 E. Comm. Ct. J. Rep. ___, [1990] 2 Comm. Mkt. L. Rep. 513., R. Mace Flournoy
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
The Best Of Times And The Worst Of Times: Lessons From Recent Reforms Of The French Retirement, Kathryn L. Moore
The Best Of Times And The Worst Of Times: Lessons From Recent Reforms Of The French Retirement, Kathryn L. Moore
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Retirement Revolution: Unmitigated Risks In The Defined Contribution Society, Anne M. Tucker
Retirement Revolution: Unmitigated Risks In The Defined Contribution Society, Anne M. Tucker
Anne Tucker
A revolution in the retirement landscape over the last several decades shifted the predominant savings vehicle from traditional pensions (a defined benefit plan) to self-directed accounts like the 401(k) (a defined contribution plan) and has drastically changed how people invest in the stock market and why. The prevalence of self-directed, defined contribution plans has created our defined contribution society and a new class of investors — the citizen shareholders — who enter private securities market through self-directed retirement plans, invest for long-term savings goals and are predominantly indirect shareholders. With 90 million Americans invested in mutual funds, and nearly 75 …
A Public Pensions Bailout: Economics And Law, Terrance O'Reilly
A Public Pensions Bailout: Economics And Law, Terrance O'Reilly
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
In several states, public pension plans are at risk of insolvency within a decade. These risks are significant, and the solutions currently contemplated are likely to fall short of what is necessary to contain the problem. If public pension plans do become insolvent, it seems likely the federal government will bail them out. This Article proposes that the federal government prepare for the prospect of federal financial support of public pension plans by instituting an optional regulatory regime for public pensions. If a state elects not to participate, its public pension plans would be ineligible for federal financial support. In …
Litigating For The Future Of Public Pensions, Paul Secunda
Litigating For The Future Of Public Pensions, Paul Secunda
Paul M. Secunda
Public pensions are horribly unfunded, millions of public employees are being forced to make greater contributions to their pensions, retirees are being forced to take benefit cuts, retirement ages and service requirements are being increased, and the list goes on and on. These alarming developments involve all level of American government, from the recent move to require new federal employees to contribute more to their pensions, to the significant underfunding of state and local public pension funds across the country, to the sad spectacle of the Detroit municipal bankruptcy where the plight of public pensions plays a leading role in …
A Failure To Supervise: How The Bureaucracy And The Courts Abandoned Their Intended Roles Under Erisa, Lauren R. Roth
A Failure To Supervise: How The Bureaucracy And The Courts Abandoned Their Intended Roles Under Erisa, Lauren R. Roth
Pace Law Review
This Article addresses how courts failed to adequately supervise employers administering pension plans before ERISA. Relying on a number of different legal theories—from an initial theory that pensions were gratuities offered by employers to the recognition that pension promises could create contractual rights—the courts repeatedly found ways to allow employers to promise much and provide little to workers expecting retirement security. In Section III, this Article addresses how Congress failed to create an effective structure for strong bureaucratic enforcement and the bureaucratic agencies with enforcement responsibilities failed to fulfill those functions. Finally, in Section IV, this Article discusses how the …
Social Insecurity: A Modest Proposal For Remedying Federal District Court Inconsistency In Social Security Cases, Jonah J. Horwitz
Social Insecurity: A Modest Proposal For Remedying Federal District Court Inconsistency In Social Security Cases, Jonah J. Horwitz
Pace Law Review
This Article addresses a relatively narrow but consequential problem in the system: the inadequacy of federal judicial resolution of appeals from the denial of Social Security disability benefits. It addresses the problem with an equally narrow, and hopefully equally consequential, solution: granting a published district court decision in such a case the power of binding precedent with respect to the judicial district in which the opinion is issued. In so doing, greater uniformity, consistency, fairness, and efficiency would be brought to a process that is badly in need of all.
The Article proceeds in five parts. Part I provides some …
Same Sex Marriage In A Post-Perry And Windsor America, Kathryn L. Moore, Allison I. Connelly, Ross T. Ewing
Same Sex Marriage In A Post-Perry And Windsor America, Kathryn L. Moore, Allison I. Connelly, Ross T. Ewing
Law Faculty Scholarly Articles
These materials accompanied a presentation at the 2014 Kentucky Bar Association Annual Convention entitled Same Sex Marriage in a Post-Perry and Windsor America. The focus of this presentation was on: the legal landscape following major LGBTQ civil rights cases; how these cases would impact families in Kentucky; and any employment or retirement issues.
The Case For Public Pension Reform: Early Evidence From Kentucky, Maria O'Brien
The Case For Public Pension Reform: Early Evidence From Kentucky, Maria O'Brien
Faculty Scholarship
Kentucky has managed to effect major changes to some of its pension plans in the face of poor funding ratios that threatened to swamp other budget priorities. At this point it is unclear whether the reforms are deep enough to bring the plans funding levels in line with those of “healthy” states like Wisconsin. It is also unclear whether there is the political will in other jurisdictions to curb costs by moving to defined contribution or hybrid cash balance vehicles. Transparency combined with a fear that pension obligations would soon swamp all other state budget priorities appears to have been …
Ockham's Scalpel: A Return To A Reasonableness Standard, Ellen Wertheimer
Ockham's Scalpel: A Return To A Reasonableness Standard, Ellen Wertheimer
Ellen Wertheimer
No abstract provided.
Fueling The Death Spiral For Workers' Pensions: The Bankruptcy Process And Multiemployer Pension Plans, Colleen Ray
Fueling The Death Spiral For Workers' Pensions: The Bankruptcy Process And Multiemployer Pension Plans, Colleen Ray
Villanova Law Review
This comment examines how the Bankruptcy Code undermines the retirement security goals of ERISA and MPPAA. The article traces the development of multiemployer pension plans and the regulatory scheme. In addition, it discusses how withdrawal liability functions and how employer withdrawals affect the other employers contributing to a multiemployer pension plan. Next, it addresses the Bankruptcy Code’s treatment of withdrawal liability. Finally, the comment analyzes the impact of discharging withdrawal liability by discussing In re Hostess Brands, Inc.
Pension Action Center, Pension Action Center, University Of Massachusetts Boston
Pension Action Center, Pension Action Center, University Of Massachusetts Boston
Office of Community Partnerships Posters
The Pension Action Center, (PAC) strives to improve retirees’ and workers’ standard of living in retirement through individual case advocacy; referrals to appropriate programs and professionals; and issue analysis and reform of public policy. The center, which is part of the Gerontology Institute at UMass Boston, focuses on the experience of participants in retirement plans throughout its work. The PAC is a one-of-a-kind organization in New England that touches the lives of thousands of people.
Employers As Risks, Amy B. Monahan
Employers As Risks, Amy B. Monahan
Chicago-Kent Law Review
In evaluating health and retirement security in the United States, much recent work has focused on shortcomings in individual decision making. For example, in explaining why 401(k) plans are suboptimal for achieving retirement security, a significant volume of literature has catalogued the mistakes individuals make when attempting to save for retirement through such plans. This article seeks to move the discussion of suboptimal decision making in a new direction, by focusing on the impact that employer decision making has on the ability of employees to achieve health and retirement security. The article argues that employer decision making regarding whether to …
Are Defined Contribution Pension Plans Fit For Purpose In Retirement?, Jeremy R. Cooper
Are Defined Contribution Pension Plans Fit For Purpose In Retirement?, Jeremy R. Cooper
Seattle University Law Review
This Article considers the historical basis for the shift from defined benefit plans to defined contribution plans, the structural and practical shortcomings of defined contribution plans, alternate pension models, and adjustments to existing retirement plan models that may offer a degree of protection to plan contributors. Like the United States, Australia is now realizing the limitations of a defined contribution retirement system insofar as it relates the provision of reliable retirement income for a population with increasing life expectancy. Unlike defined contribution plans, defined benefit plans provide a benefit based typically on time served and a predetermined proportion of either …
Financial Security Scorecard: A State-By-State Analysis Of Economic Pressures Facing Future Retirees, Christian Weller, Nari Rhee, Carolyn Arcand
Financial Security Scorecard: A State-By-State Analysis Of Economic Pressures Facing Future Retirees, Christian Weller, Nari Rhee, Carolyn Arcand
Public Policy and Public Affairs Faculty Publication Series
As Americans increasingly worry about their retirement prospects, states play an important and growing role in retirement security policy. States already manage long-term care programs for the elderly through Medicaid. Concerned about the impact of future elder poverty on state and local budgets and their local economies, a number of states are exploring the creation of low-cost and low-risk retirement savings plans for private sector workers who lack access to pensions or 401(k)s on the job. Some states have developed programs to help older workers find work.
This report presents the Financial Security Scorecard, designed to inform state-level stakeholders and …
Less Is More: Applying A Modified Reasonable Compensation Standard To Eliminate The Inconsistencies In The Payroll And Net Investment Income Tax Bases, John S. Treu
John S. Treu
The original policy for the implementation of payroll taxes was to impose a tax on wages as both a funding mechanism for, and a limitation to, qualifying for social security. However, the self-employment tax base developed severe inconsistencies with this original policy and among different tax entities by including certain returns on capital investments in the tax base. At present, different payroll tax obligations arise for similarly situated tax payers based solely on the type of entity the owner elects to be taxed as under the check-the-box regulations. These inconsistencies resulted from misguided efforts by congress and the treasury to …
Putting Retirement At Risk: Has Financial Risk Exposure Grown More Quickly For Older Households Than Younger Ones?, Christian Weller, Sara Bernardo
Putting Retirement At Risk: Has Financial Risk Exposure Grown More Quickly For Older Households Than Younger Ones?, Christian Weller, Sara Bernardo
Gerontology Institute Publications
Financial markets have been characterized by boom and bust cycles since the 1980s, while the responsibility for managing retirement wealth has increasingly shifted onto individual households at the same time. Policymakers and experts have expressed concern over rising risk exposure among older households, who appear to be increasingly exposed to the growing financial risks just as they near retirement. We consider household data from the Federal Reserve’s Survey of Consumer Finances from 1989 to 2010 to analyze the correlation between age and risk exposure. We test if older households’ risk exposure has indeed grown over time, if it has increased …
La Pensión Familiar En Colombia: ¿Una Solución Al Déficit Pensional Colombiano?, Fernando Castillo Cadena, Ana María Muñoz Segura
La Pensión Familiar En Colombia: ¿Una Solución Al Déficit Pensional Colombiano?, Fernando Castillo Cadena, Ana María Muñoz Segura
Fernando Castillo Cadena
Colombia enacted the “family old-age pension” through Law 1580/12. This pension is not one of exceptional type, which is granted to certain beneficiaries: it is one that tries to expand the coverage of the pension system in a novel way. Thus, the right to a pension no longer will be a product of regular contributions or savings made on an individual basis, but one that will correspond to the sum of efforts made by the couple that makes up a family group. So, in the event that an affiliate not eligible to obtain an old-age pension on an individual basis, …
The Aging Of The American Law Professoriate, David Barnhizer
The Aging Of The American Law Professoriate, David Barnhizer
David Barnhizer
A recent (rather tasteless) article argued: “Professors approaching 70 … have an ethical obligation to step back and think seriously about quitting. If they do remain on the job, they should at least openly acknowledge they’re doing it mostly for themselves.” In “The Forever Professors: Academics Who Don’t Retire Are Greedy, Selfish, and Bad For Students”, the insensitive author added: “the number of professors 65 and older more than doubled between 2000 and 2011.” The author’s most intellectually savage comments were that: “faculty who delay retirement harm students, who in most cases would benefit from being taught by someone younger …
A Reflection On Erisa Claims Administration And The Exhaustion Requirement, James A. Wooten
A Reflection On Erisa Claims Administration And The Exhaustion Requirement, James A. Wooten
Journal Articles
This essay, prepared in connection with the Drexel Law Review Symposium, ERISA at 40: What Were They Thinking?, examines ERISA’s regime for administering benefit claims and, in particular, the requirement that participants exhaust their plan’s review procedures before filing suit to recover benefits. Like other key elements of ERISA’s claims regime, the exhaustion requirement is a judicial creation that is not articulated in ERISA’s text. Interestingly, former congressional staffers who attended the Symposium said they assumed participants would be required to exhaust plan review procedures but failed to include such a requirement in the legislation. After reviewing the development of …
Is Welching On Public Pension Promises An Option For Illinois? An Analysis Of Article Xiii, Section 5 Of Illinois Constitution, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 167 (2014), Eric Madiar
UIC Law Review
This Article reviews not only the Pension Clause’s language and origins, but also the constitutional convention debates discussing it, and relevant court decisions construing the provision. The Article also evaluates the arguments made by legal commentators on behalf of particular stakeholders about whether the Clause allows the legislature to cut the pension benefits of current public employees and retirees as well as other related issues. The Article concludes that the General Assembly cannot unilaterally cut the pension benefits of current employees or retirees as a means to reduce the State’s existing pension liabilities based on the Clause’s plain language, the …
Privatizing Railroad Retirement, Steven A. Sass
Privatizing Railroad Retirement, Steven A. Sass
Upjohn Press
Sass discusses the evolution of the U.S. Railroad Retirement System and whether its ability to invest its assets in private equities offers any lessons for Social Security.
Rethinking Erisa's Promise Of Income Security In A World Of 401(K) Plans, Lawrence A. Frolik
Rethinking Erisa's Promise Of Income Security In A World Of 401(K) Plans, Lawrence A. Frolik
Articles
This article discusses the evolution of retirement income funds from defined benefit packages to 401(k) and IRA accounts and how the changing dynamic has reshaped the way retirees think about post-retirement income. The article outlines the mechanics of 401(k) accounts and rollover IRAs in the post-retirement period and presents questions about the ability of retirees to successfully address the complex issues relating to investment choices including, what entity they entrust their savings to, the volume and source of distributions, and long-term sufficiency planning. The article suggests that an increase in the use of annuities may help to resolve some of …
How Much Is Too Much? Employer-Sponsored Plan Notice And Reporting Requirements Under Ppaca, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev 855 (2014), Carrie Byrnes, Brian Berglund
How Much Is Too Much? Employer-Sponsored Plan Notice And Reporting Requirements Under Ppaca, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev 855 (2014), Carrie Byrnes, Brian Berglund
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Unfinished Business: The Affordable Care Act And The Problem Of Delayed And Denied Erisa Health Care Claim, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 887 (2014), Katherine Vukadin
Unfinished Business: The Affordable Care Act And The Problem Of Delayed And Denied Erisa Health Care Claim, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 887 (2014), Katherine Vukadin
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Health Care Spending And Financial Security After The Affordable Care Act, Allison K. Hoffman
Health Care Spending And Financial Security After The Affordable Care Act, Allison K. Hoffman
All Faculty Scholarship
Health insurance has fallen notoriously short of protecting Americans from financial insecurity caused by health care spending. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (“ACA”) attempted to ameliorate this shortcoming by regulating health insurance. The ACA offers a new policy vision of how health insurance will (and perhaps should) serve to promote financial security in the face of health care spending. Yet, the ACA’s policy vision applies differently among insured, based on the type of insurance they have, resulting in inconsistent types and levels of financial protection among Americans.
To examine this picture of inconsistent financial protection, this Article offers …
Social Security And Pension Reform: International Perspectives, Marek Szczepański Editor, John A. Turner Editor
Social Security And Pension Reform: International Perspectives, Marek Szczepański Editor, John A. Turner Editor
Upjohn Press
Countries around the world are reforming their social security and pension systems. International studies often focus on social security reforms in Europe and North America, and may include Latin America. Reforms, however, are also occurring in Asia and Africa, and include reforms of voluntary and employer-provided pensions as well as social security programs. This book discusses both social security and employer-provided pension reforms, as well as reforms in most regions of the world.