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The Digests Of Pennsylvania, Joel Fishman Jan 1998

The Digests Of Pennsylvania, Joel Fishman

Joel Fishman

Pennsylvania has one of the largest collections of case law for which digests serve as an important research tool.

An Informal History Of How Law Schools Evaluate Students, With A Predictable Emphasis On Law School Exams, Steve Sheppard Jan 1997

An Informal History Of How Law Schools Evaluate Students, With A Predictable Emphasis On Law School Exams, Steve Sheppard

Steve Sheppard

This story of the evolution of legal evaluations from the seventeenth century to the close of the twentieth depicts English influences on American law student evaluations, which have waned in the twentieth century with the advent of course-end examinations. Seventeenth- and eighteenth-century English examinations given to conclude a legal degree were relatively ceremonial exercises in which performance was often based on the demonstration of rote memory. As examination processes evolved, American law schools adopted essay evaluations from their English counterparts. Examinees in the nineteenth century were given a narrative, requiring the recognition of particularly appropriate legal doctrines, enunciation of the …

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History Of The Court Reporter In The Appellate Courts Of Pennsylvania, Joel Fishman Jan 1997

History Of The Court Reporter In The Appellate Courts Of Pennsylvania, Joel Fishman

Joel Fishman

Court reporters collect and publish the opinions of courts. In Pennsylvania, there have been court reporters in the appellate courts since the first set of court reports published in the eighteeth century down to the third quarter of the twentieth century. This article reviews the legislation and controversies surrounding the court reporters.

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Rising Temperatures: Rising Tides, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson Jan 1996

Rising Temperatures: Rising Tides, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson

Prof. Elizabeth Burleson

Transboundary environmental problems do not distinguish between political boundaries. Global warming is expected to cause thermal expansion of water and melt glaciers. Both are predicted to lead to a rise in sea level. We must enlarge our paradigms to encompass a global reality and reliance upon global participation.

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The Reports Of The Supreme Court Of Pennsylvania, Joel Fishman Jan 1995

The Reports Of The Supreme Court Of Pennsylvania, Joel Fishman

Joel Fishman

This article reviews the history of the court reports of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court from mid-eighteenth century to present along with a bibliography of the reports.

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The History Of Statutory Compilations In Pennsylvania, Joel Fishman Jan 1994

The History Of Statutory Compilations In Pennsylvania, Joel Fishman

Joel Fishman

This article deals with the history of both unofficial and official statutory compilations (chronological and topical) in Pennsylvania.

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The Paradox Of Ideology, Justin Schwartz Jan 1993

The Paradox Of Ideology, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

A standard problem with the objectivity of social scientific theory in particular is that it is either self-referential, in which case it seems to undermine itself as ideology, or self-excepting, which seem pragmatically self-refuting. Using the example of Marx and his theory of ideology, I show how self-referential theories that include themselves in their scope of explanation can be objective. Ideology may be roughly defined as belief distorted by class interest. I show how Marx thought that natural science was informed by class interest but not therefore necessarily ideology. Capitalists have an interest in understanding the natural world (to a …

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Nociones Generales De Derecho Procesal Civil, Edward Ivan Cueva Jan 1966