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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Disability Law
Endrew F. Clairvoyance, Mark Weber
Endrew F. Clairvoyance, Mark Weber
College of Law Faculty
The Second Circuit Court of Appeals has declared that “Prior decisions of this Court are consistent with the Supreme Court’s decision in Endrew F.,” the 2017 Supreme Court decision interpreting the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act obligation to furnish students with disabilities free, appropriate public education. This Essay considers whether that statement is accurate, and concludes that while some of the past Second Circuit decisions fit comfortably with Endrew F. ex rel. Joseph F. v. Douglas County School District RE-1, others do not. The Essay submits that the court of appeals should confess a lack of clairvoyance in its earlier …
Immigration And Disability In The United States And Canada, Mark Weber
Immigration And Disability In The United States And Canada, Mark Weber
College of Law Faculty
Disability arises from the dynamic between people’s physical and mental conditions andthe physical and attitudinal barriers in the environment. Applying this idea aboutdisability to United States and Canadian immigration law draws attention to barriers toentry and eventual citizenship for individuals who have disabilities. Historically, NorthAmerican law excluded many classes of immigrants, including those with intellectualdisabilities, mental illness, physical defects, and conditions likely to cause dependency.Though exclusions for individuals likely to draw excessive public resources and thosewith communicable diseases still exist in Canada and the United States, in recent yearsthe United States permitted legalization for severely disabled undocumented immigrantsalready in the …
Accidentally On Purpose: Intent In Disability Discrimination Law, Mark Weber
Accidentally On Purpose: Intent In Disability Discrimination Law, Mark Weber
College of Law Faculty
American disability discrimination laws contain few intent requirements. Yet courts frequently demand showings of intent in disability discrimination lawsuits. Intent requirements arose almost by accident: through a false statutory analogy; by repetition of obsolete judicial language; and by doctrine developed to avoid a nonexistent conflict with another law. Demanding that section 504 and Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”) claimants show intent imposes a burden not found in those statutes or their interpretive regulations. This Article provides reasons not to impose intent requirements for liability or monetary relief in section 504 and ADA cases concerning reasonable accommodations. It demonstrates that no …
Numerical Goals For Employment Of People With Disabilities By Federal Agencies And Contractors, Mark Weber
Numerical Goals For Employment Of People With Disabilities By Federal Agencies And Contractors, Mark Weber
College of Law Faculty
This essay discusses recent developments concerning numerical goals for employing workers with disabilities by federal agencies and federal contractors. On May 15, 2014, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission issued an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking asking for comments about, among other things, placing on federal agencies numerical employment goals for individuals with disabilities. On September 24, 2013, the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs adopted a Final Rule that imposed on federal contractors a numerical utilization goal for employees with disabilities, a regulation that the Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia upheld against challenge in 2014. A …
In Defense Of Idea Due Process, Mark Weber
In Defense Of Idea Due Process, Mark Weber
College of Law Faculty
Due Process hearing rights under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act are under attack. A major professional group and several academic commentators charge that the hearings system advantages middle class parents, that it is expensive, that it is futile, and that it is unmanageable. Some critics would abandon individual rights to a hearing and review in favor of bureaucratic enforcement or administrative mechanisms that do not include the right to an individual hearing before a neutral decision maker. This Article defends the right to a due process hearing. It contends that some criticisms of hearing rights are simply erroneous, and …
"All Areas Of Suspected Disability", Mark Weber
"All Areas Of Suspected Disability", Mark Weber
College of Law Faculty
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires school districts to assess children “in all areas of suspected disability.” It further provides that each child’s individualized education program (IEP) must contain measurable annual goals designed to “meet each of the child’s . . . educational needs that result from the child’s disability,” and a statement of special education and related services that will be provided for the child “to advance appropriately toward attaining annual goals.” Courts have strictly enforced these requirements in the last several years, remedying violations of IDEA when school districts fail to assess in all areas of …
"All Areas Of Suspected Disability", Mark Weber
"All Areas Of Suspected Disability", Mark Weber
College of Law Faculty
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires school districts to assess children “in all areas of suspected disability.” It further provides that each child’s individualized education program (IEP) must contain measurable annual goals designed to “meet each of the child’s . . . educational needs that result from the child’s disability,” and a statement of special education and related services that will be provided for the child “to advance appropriately toward attaining annual goals.” Courts have strictly enforced these requirements in the last several years, remedying violations of IDEA when school districts fail to assess in all areas of …
Common-Law Interpretation Of Appropriate Education: The Road Not Taken In Rowley, Mark Weber
Common-Law Interpretation Of Appropriate Education: The Road Not Taken In Rowley, Mark Weber
College of Law Faculty
Thirty years old in 2012, Board of Education v. Rowley is the case that established a some-benefit or floor-of-opportunity standard for the services public school districts must provide to children who have disabilities. But the some-benefit approach is by no means the only one the Court could have adopted. It could have endorsed the view of the lower courts that each child with a disability must be given the opportunity to achieve his or her potential commensurate with the opportunity offered other children. Or it could have adopted a standard based on achievement of the child’s full potential or the …