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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Law
Politics And Personalities In The Federal Appointments Process, Christopher L. Eisgruber
Politics And Personalities In The Federal Appointments Process, Christopher L. Eisgruber
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
Michael Gerhardt's latest book, The Federal Appointments Process, examines historically both the politics and procedures employed by the president and Congress in selecting, and ultimately appointing, judicial nominees. In this book review, Professor Christopher Eisgruber focuses on some of Gerhardt's most salient observations and illustrates the degree to which the historical trends Gerhardt describes impact current appointment practices.
The Admissibility Of Differential Diagnosis Testimony To Prove Causation In Toxic Tort Cases: The Interplay Of Adjective And Substantive Law, Joseph Sanders, Julie Machal-Fulks
The Admissibility Of Differential Diagnosis Testimony To Prove Causation In Toxic Tort Cases: The Interplay Of Adjective And Substantive Law, Joseph Sanders, Julie Machal-Fulks
Law and Contemporary Problems
This article uses the differential diagnosis opinions to explore a pair of interrelationships. The basic causal framework employed by most courts in toxic tort cases is presented. A key to understanding the developing case law in this area is to appreciate the degree to which the courts have adopted the interpretive conventions of science in assessing admissibility.
Too Many Probabilities: Statistical Evidence Of Tort Causation, David W. Barnes
Too Many Probabilities: Statistical Evidence Of Tort Causation, David W. Barnes
Law and Contemporary Problems
Medical scientific testimony is often expressed in terms of two different probabilities: 1. The increased probability of harm if a person is exposed, for example, to a toxin. 2. The observed relationship is an artifact of the experimental method. This article demonstrates that neither probability, taken alone or together, measures whether the "preponderance of the evidence" test is met.
Scientific Models Of Human Health Risk Analysis In Legal And Policy Decisions, Douglas Crawford-Brown
Scientific Models Of Human Health Risk Analysis In Legal And Policy Decisions, Douglas Crawford-Brown
Law and Contemporary Problems
The quality of scientific predictions of risk in the courtroom and policy arena rests in large measure on how the two differences between normal practice and the legal/policy practice of science are reconciled. This article considers a variety of issues that arise in reconciling these differences, and the problems that remain with scientific estimates of risk when these are used in decisions.
Assessing Causation In Breast Implant Litigation: The Role Of Science Panels, Laural L. Hooper, Joe S. Cecil, Thomas E. Willging
Assessing Causation In Breast Implant Litigation: The Role Of Science Panels, Laural L. Hooper, Joe S. Cecil, Thomas E. Willging
Law and Contemporary Problems
In two recent cases, federal judges appointed panels of scientific experts to help assess conflicting scientific testimony regarding causation of systemic injuries by silicone gel breast implants. This article will describe the circumstances that gave rise to the appointments, the procedures followed in making the appointments and reporting to the courts, and the reactions of the participants in the proceedings.
The Swine Flu Vaccine And Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Case Study In Relative Risk And Specific Causation, David A. Freedman, Philip B. Stark
The Swine Flu Vaccine And Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Case Study In Relative Risk And Specific Causation, David A. Freedman, Philip B. Stark
Law and Contemporary Problems
This article discusses the role of epidemiologic evidence in toxic tort cases, focusing on relative risk. Whether specific causation can be inferred if a relative risk is above 2.0 is discussed. The object is to explore the scientific logic behind intuitions of relative risk.
Scientific Ignorance And Reliable Patterns Of Evidence In Toxic Tort Causation: Is There A Need For Liability Reform?, Carl F. Cranor, David A. Eastmond
Scientific Ignorance And Reliable Patterns Of Evidence In Toxic Tort Causation: Is There A Need For Liability Reform?, Carl F. Cranor, David A. Eastmond
Law and Contemporary Problems
As a first step to preserving the central aims of tort law, courts will need to recognize the wide variety of respectable, reliable patterns of evidence on which scientists themselves rely for drawing inferences about the toxicity of substances. Courts may also need to take further steps to address the woeful ignorance about the chemical universe. This may necessitate changes in the liability rules.
Causation And The Law: Preemption, Lawful Sufficiency, And Causal Sufficiency, Richard Fumerton, Ken Kress
Causation And The Law: Preemption, Lawful Sufficiency, And Causal Sufficiency, Richard Fumerton, Ken Kress
Law and Contemporary Problems
This article briefly describes the normative/nonnormative distinction, and how one might invoke this distinction to locate a nonnormative dimension of actual causation. After briefly introducing Richard Wright's concept of a necessary element in a set of conditions for an effect, the article notes ambiguities in the critical concepts of necessity and sufficiency that he deploys. The article suggests the most plausible interpretation of Wright's use of different modal concepts.
Rationalism And Empiricism In Modern Medicine, Warren Newton
Rationalism And Empiricism In Modern Medicine, Warren Newton
Law and Contemporary Problems
The roots of rationalism and empiricism in the Hippocratic tradition are explored. The triumph of the rationalists in the founding of modern medicine is emphasized. The development of clinical epidemiology and the evidence-based medicine over the last 30 years is described. The tension illuminates fundamental clinical and policy questions that doctors, the health care system, and the legal system confront today.
Of Cherries, Fudge, And Onions: Science And Its Courtroom Perversion, David W. Peterson, John M. Conley
Of Cherries, Fudge, And Onions: Science And Its Courtroom Perversion, David W. Peterson, John M. Conley
Law and Contemporary Problems
The thesis of this article is that the Supreme Court decision in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc.'s focus on the scientific method, however rigorously applied, invites certain classes of abuses. There are instances in which evidence can be made to look more scientific by a process that in fact and substance makes is utterly unscientific.
Causation, Contribution, And Legal Liability: An Empirical Study, Lawrence M. Solan, John M. Darley
Causation, Contribution, And Legal Liability: An Empirical Study, Lawrence M. Solan, John M. Darley
Law and Contemporary Problems
This article presents empirical evidence of the ways people compare judgments of liability with judgments of causation and contribution. Specifically, the article reports the results of experiments designed to show whether people regard causation and enablement as necessary elements of liability.
The United States’ Indispensability In Indian Land Claims: The Proper Application Of Provident Tradesmens, Aaron L. Pawlitz
The United States’ Indispensability In Indian Land Claims: The Proper Application Of Provident Tradesmens, Aaron L. Pawlitz
Saint Louis University Law Journal
No abstract provided.
The Death Penalty, Mandatory Prison Sentences, And The Eighth Amendment's Rule Against Cruel And Unusual Punishments, Jamie Cameron
The Death Penalty, Mandatory Prison Sentences, And The Eighth Amendment's Rule Against Cruel And Unusual Punishments, Jamie Cameron
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
The text of section 12 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibit cruel and unusual punishment in language that is similar but not identical. Still, in considering constitutional restrictions on punishment, the deviations of the Supreme Court both focus on the concept of gross disproportionality between the offence committed and the state’s response. Despite the appearance of similarity, this article maintains that differences in the American law of sentencing explain why Canada ought not follow or adopt the United States approach to minimum sentences.
Sentencing In The States: The Good, The Bad, And The Ugly, Julie Stewart
Sentencing In The States: The Good, The Bad, And The Ugly, Julie Stewart
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
Mandatory sentencing laws are responsible for the booming prison population in the United States. They are applied most frequently to crimes involving drugs and mandate harsh penalties of five, ten, twenty years or more behind bars for crimes involving no violence. Julie Stewart, President of the Families Against Mandatory Minimums Foundation (FAMM) and the sister of a marijuana user who spent five years in a federal prison, describes the unfairness of America’s sentencing policies, with a particular emphasis on the application of mandatory minimum sentences to drug-related convictions. These laws have led to a marked increase in the number of …
Testing The Limits: Alcohol & Drug Testing For Offshore Employees, Brian Johnston, Tara Erskine
Testing The Limits: Alcohol & Drug Testing For Offshore Employees, Brian Johnston, Tara Erskine
Dalhousie Law Journal
The legal limits of drug and alcohol testing by employers in the Atlantic Canada offshore are not yet entirely clear. To shed light on where these limits may lie, the authors examine the relevant law in the United Kingdom and the United States, together with the law on testing in Canada generally and the applicable provisions of the Accord Acts.
A Brief Overview Of The Enforceability Of Forum Selection, Choice Of Law, And Arbitration Clauses And The Doctrine Of Forum Non Conveniens Under The Admiralty Law Of The United States, Donald R. Abaunza
Dalhousie Law Journal
Forum selection, choice of law and arbitration clauses are of great significance in offshore contracts, where disputes may arise in locations far removed from the fora identified in those contracts. In this article, the author provides an examination of the enforceability of these clauses in the United States, together with an explanation of the operation of the doctrine of forum non conveniens in that country.
Protecting Privacy And Enabling Pharmaceutical Sales On The Internet: A Comparative Analysis Of The United States And Canada, Nicole A. Rothstein
Protecting Privacy And Enabling Pharmaceutical Sales On The Internet: A Comparative Analysis Of The United States And Canada, Nicole A. Rothstein
Federal Communications Law Journal
The Internet raises enhanced and unique concerns regarding informational health privacy and Internet pharmacy sales. As technology advances and the Internet changes the way people obtain medical services and products, protecting consumers and their informational health data in online pharmaceutical transactions is paramount. This Comment charts and compares the existing legal frameworks in the United States and Canada relative to informational health privacy. Following this discussion, each legal framework comes into sharp focus with regard to Internet pharmacy sales. Ultimately, this Comment concludes that based on the highly sensitive nature of personal medical information, a baseline privacy standard should be …
Taking Account Of The World As It Will Be: The Shifting Course Of U.S. Encryption Policy, Tricia E. Black
Taking Account Of The World As It Will Be: The Shifting Course Of U.S. Encryption Policy, Tricia E. Black
Federal Communications Law Journal
Encryption, understood on a basic level as the process of scrambling information to disguise its content, has been a topic of intense debate over the past decade because of Internet growth and well-founded concerns about online security. The encryption debate centers on striking an appropriate balance between national security concerns and the potential prosperity of the high-tech industry. The Clinton Administration played an important role in relaxing U.S. encryption policy. This Note argues that the dramatic shift in encryption policy resulted from a recognition of how the world will be in the digital age, and that strong, unregulated encryption technology …
Corporate Groups And Crossborder Insolvencies: A Canada- United States Perspective, Jacob Zeigel
Corporate Groups And Crossborder Insolvencies: A Canada- United States Perspective, Jacob Zeigel
Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law
No abstract provided.
The Changing Labor Markets Of The Western Hemisphere: Labor Issues Relating To The Ftaa, Ann C. Hodges
The Changing Labor Markets Of The Western Hemisphere: Labor Issues Relating To The Ftaa, Ann C. Hodges
Richmond Journal of Global Law & Business
No abstract provided.
Emanuel Emroch Lecture, Symposium Keynote Address The Changing Labor Markets Of The Western Hemisphere, Richard W. Fisher
Emanuel Emroch Lecture, Symposium Keynote Address The Changing Labor Markets Of The Western Hemisphere, Richard W. Fisher
Richmond Journal of Global Law & Business
No abstract provided.
Members And Outsiders: An Examination Of The Models Of United States Citizenship As Well As Questions Concerning European Union Citizenship, Ediberto Roman
Members And Outsiders: An Examination Of The Models Of United States Citizenship As Well As Questions Concerning European Union Citizenship, Ediberto Roman
University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review
No abstract provided.
Sovereign Immunity: Should The Sovereign Control The Purse?, Thomas P. Schlosser
Sovereign Immunity: Should The Sovereign Control The Purse?, Thomas P. Schlosser
American Indian Law Review
No abstract provided.
An Empirically Based Comparison Of American And European Regulatory Approaches To Police Investigation, Christopher Slobogin
An Empirically Based Comparison Of American And European Regulatory Approaches To Police Investigation, Christopher Slobogin
Michigan Journal of International Law
This article takes a comparative and empirical look at two of the most significant methods of police investigation: searches for and seizures of tangible evidence and interrogation of suspects. It first compares American doctrine regulating these investigative tools with the analogous rules predominant in Europe. It then discusses research on the American system that sheds light on the relative advantages and disadvantages of the two regulatory regimes.