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Full-Text Articles in Law

Shots Fired, Shots Refused: Scientific, Ethical & Legal Challenges Surrounding The U.S. Military's Covid-19 Vaccine Mandate, Shawn Mckelvy, L. William Uhl, Armand Balboni Apr 2024

Shots Fired, Shots Refused: Scientific, Ethical & Legal Challenges Surrounding The U.S. Military's Covid-19 Vaccine Mandate, Shawn Mckelvy, L. William Uhl, Armand Balboni

St. Mary's Law Journal

The COVID-19 pandemic provided uncertain and challenging circumstances under which to lead a nation and the military that protects it. Those in charge and in command faced unique challenges—scientific, ethical, and legal—at our various levels of government to both keep people safe while keeping government and society functioning. While there were many successes to celebrate, there are also many criticisms for how this “whole-of-government approach” may have degraded some of our most cherished liberties along the way. The authors focus on the U.S. military’s vaccine mandate and propose military leaders may have failed to fully consider the evolving science, weigh …


Separation Of Church And Law: The Ministerial Exception In Demkovich V. St. Andrew The Apostle Parish, Jonathan Murray Jan 2023

Separation Of Church And Law: The Ministerial Exception In Demkovich V. St. Andrew The Apostle Parish, Jonathan Murray

University of Colorado Law Review

Religious freedom is increasingly invoked to defeat liability for behavior that has long been regulated under accepted, neutral law, an argument to which many courts and judges appear receptive. One such area of law seeing this activity is the ministerial exception-a judicial principle recognized under the First Amendment. The ministerial exception guarantees religious organizations' discretion in how they select their "ministers,"or religious employees dedicated to the organization's religious mission. However, current law lacks clarity regarding the application of the exception to an organization's treatment of its ministers. Recently, the Seventh Circuit, sitting en banc, chose to categorically expand the application …


Establishment Clause Mythology, Peter J. Smith, Robert W. Tuttle Jan 2023

Establishment Clause Mythology, Peter J. Smith, Robert W. Tuttle

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

For 75 years, the Supreme Court’s opinions have reflected stark conflict between two competing narratives about the Establishment Clause’s meaning and legal foundation. One view holds that the Constitution requires a separation between church and state. The other view asserts that the government may promote religion. The former view—which we call separationism—is based on the framers’ understanding of the nature of civil government, and on a political theory of liberal pluralism. The latter view—which we call religionism—is usually grounded in tradition, and principally has its roots in the Second Great Awakening of the nineteenth century and its urge to transform …


Public Policy And Religion In The Pandemic: U.S. Constitution And The First Amendment, Stephen Covell, Diane Riggs, Cameron Borg Apr 2022

Public Policy And Religion In The Pandemic: U.S. Constitution And The First Amendment, Stephen Covell, Diane Riggs, Cameron Borg

Modules for Teaching Pandemic Response and Religion in the USA

The following teaching module is designed for high school and college level instructors who seek to teach a lesson on the impact the COVID-19 pandemic had on the relationship between church and state. The teaching module features a lesson plan, case studies, and assignments that can be incorporated as the instructor sees fit. This teaching module was created by Western Michigan University's Department of Comparative Religion.


La Liberté D’Expression Aux États-Unis Et En France, Elisabeth Zoller Jan 2022

La Liberté D’Expression Aux États-Unis Et En France, Elisabeth Zoller

Books & Book Chapters by Maurer Faculty

A chapter from the Ministry's report, RÉPUBLIQUE ÉCOLE LAÏCITÉ


Discrimination, Trump V. Hawaii, And Masterpiece Cakeshop, Christopher C. Lund Jan 2022

Discrimination, Trump V. Hawaii, And Masterpiece Cakeshop, Christopher C. Lund

Georgia Law Review

This short symposium piece is a comment on two of the Supreme Court’s recent religion cases. The first is Trump v. Hawaii, the travel ban case, where the Court rejected the claim of unconstitutional religious discrimination against Muslims.1 The second is Masterpiece Cakeshop, the case about the baker who refused to make a cake for a gay wedding, where the Court accepted the claim of unconstitutional religious discrimination against a conservative Christian.2 One case finds discrimination, while the other rejects it. Yet more fundamentally, the pairing suggests differences in how we perceive or react to evidence of discrimination. Both on …


Equal, But Only Conceptually: Explaining The Phenomenon Of Religious Losses In Contemporary Canadian Constitutional Cases Involving Conflicting Rights, Mike Madden Dec 2021

Equal, But Only Conceptually: Explaining The Phenomenon Of Religious Losses In Contemporary Canadian Constitutional Cases Involving Conflicting Rights, Mike Madden

Dalhousie Law Journal

If there is no hierarchy of rights in Canada, then why does freedom of religion so often seem to lose in cases of conflicts with other rights? This article discusses five recent Canadian cases (involving same-sex marriages, controversial medical practices, the wearing of a niqab, and a Christian university’s sexual conduct policy) in order to expose how the courts regularly characterize freedom of religion as being conceptually equal to other rights, before ruling against freedom of religion on the facts of the particular cases. This phenomenon within Canadian rights jurisprudence is then justified within the article by reference to a …


No Aid, No Agency, Steven K. Green Jul 2021

No Aid, No Agency, Steven K. Green

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

Over the past three decades, members of the Supreme Court have demonstrated increasing hostility to the Establishment Clause’s rule against funding religion, first enunciated in 1947. Over the years, the Court has not only narrowed the rule to allow for government aid to flow to religious schools and faith-based charities, it has more recently declared that to enforce that rule may amount to discrimination against religion. This Article argues that a key reason for the decline in the no-aid principle rests on the weakness of the rationale underlying that rule: that funding of religion coerces the conscience of taxpayers. The …


Faith And/In Medicine: Religious And Conscientious Objections To Maid, Daphne Gilbert Dec 2020

Faith And/In Medicine: Religious And Conscientious Objections To Maid, Daphne Gilbert

Dalhousie Law Journal

Across Canada, health care institutions that operate under the umbrella of religious traditions refuse to offer medical assistance in dying (MAiD) on the grounds that it violates their Charter-protected rights to freedom of religion and conscience. This article analyses the Supreme Court jurisprudence on section 2(a) and concludes that it should not extend to the protection of institutional rights. While the Court has not definitively pronounced a view on this matter, its jurisprudence suggests that any institutional right to freedom of religion would not extend to decisions on publicly-funded and legal health care. MAiD is a constitutionally-protected option for individuals …


The Deliberative-Privacy Principle: Abortion, Free Speech, And Religious Freedom, B. Jessie Hill May 2020

The Deliberative-Privacy Principle: Abortion, Free Speech, And Religious Freedom, B. Jessie Hill

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

No abstract provided.


The Conscience Of The Baker: Religion And Compelled Speech, Ashutosh Bhagwat May 2020

The Conscience Of The Baker: Religion And Compelled Speech, Ashutosh Bhagwat

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

No abstract provided.


Taking Stock Of The Religion Clauses, John D. Inazu Jan 2020

Taking Stock Of The Religion Clauses, John D. Inazu

Scholarship@WashULaw

After a few decades of relative quiet, the Supreme Court has in recent years focused once again on the religion clauses and related statutes.


What Standards Apply When Freedoms Collide?, Neal Devins Sep 2019

What Standards Apply When Freedoms Collide?, Neal Devins

Neal E. Devins

No abstract provided.


The First Amendment’S Global Dimension, Timothy Zick Sep 2019

The First Amendment’S Global Dimension, Timothy Zick

Timothy Zick

No abstract provided.


The First Amendment In Trans-Border Perspective: Toward A More Cosmopolitan Orientation, Timothy Zick Sep 2019

The First Amendment In Trans-Border Perspective: Toward A More Cosmopolitan Orientation, Timothy Zick

Timothy Zick

This Article examines the First Amendment’s critical trans-border dimension—its application to speech, association, press, and religious activities that cross or occur beyond territorial borders. Judicial and scholarly analysis of this aspect of the First Amendment has been limited, at least as compared to consideration of more domestic or purely local concerns. This Article identifies two basic orientations with respect to the First Amendment—the provincial and the cosmopolitan. The provincial orientation, which is the traditional account, generally views the First Amendment rather narrowly—i.e., as a collection of local liberties or a set of limitations on domestic governance. First Amendment provincialism does …


Coercion And Choice Under The Establishment Clause, Cynthia V. Ward Sep 2019

Coercion And Choice Under The Establishment Clause, Cynthia V. Ward

Cynthia V. Ward

In recent Establishment Clause cases the Supreme Court has found nondenominational, state-sponsored prayers unconstitutionally "coercive" -although attendance at the events featuring the prayer was not required by the state; religious dissenters were free to choose not to say the challenged prayers; and dissenters who so chose, or who chose not to attend the events, suffered no state-enforced sanction. Part I of this Article lays out the historical background that gave rise to the coercion test, traces the development of that test in the Court's case law, and isolates the core elements in the vision of coercion that animates the test. …


The Story Of A Forgotten Battle, Nathan B. Oman Sep 2019

The Story Of A Forgotten Battle, Nathan B. Oman

Nathan B. Oman

No abstract provided.


The (Hoped For) Shallowness Of Progressive Skepticism Towards Religious Freedom, Nathan B. Oman Sep 2019

The (Hoped For) Shallowness Of Progressive Skepticism Towards Religious Freedom, Nathan B. Oman

Nathan B. Oman

No abstract provided.


Nineteenth Century Corporate Law: A New Lens For Religious Freedom Scholars, Nathan B. Oman Sep 2019

Nineteenth Century Corporate Law: A New Lens For Religious Freedom Scholars, Nathan B. Oman

Nathan B. Oman

No abstract provided.


Markets, Religion, And The Limits Of Privacy, Nathan B. Oman Sep 2019

Markets, Religion, And The Limits Of Privacy, Nathan B. Oman

Nathan B. Oman

No abstract provided.


Law, Religious Change, And Samesex Marriage Posted On, Nathan B. Oman Sep 2019

Law, Religious Change, And Samesex Marriage Posted On, Nathan B. Oman

Nathan B. Oman

No abstract provided.


Hobby Lobby, Corporate Law, And The Theory Of The Firm: Why For-Profit Corporations Are Rfra Persons, Alan J. Meese, Nathan B. Oman Sep 2019

Hobby Lobby, Corporate Law, And The Theory Of The Firm: Why For-Profit Corporations Are Rfra Persons, Alan J. Meese, Nathan B. Oman

Nathan B. Oman

No abstract provided.


Brief Of Thirteen Law Professors As Amici Curiae In Support Of The Petitioners, Nathan B. Oman, John D. Adams, Matthew A. Fitzgerald Sep 2019

Brief Of Thirteen Law Professors As Amici Curiae In Support Of The Petitioners, Nathan B. Oman, John D. Adams, Matthew A. Fitzgerald

Nathan B. Oman

No abstract provided.


Brief Of Law Professors Bruce P. Frohnen, Robert P. George, Alan J. Meese, Michael P. Moreland, Nathan B. Oman, Michael Stokes Paulsen, Rodney K. Smith, Steven D. Smith, And O. Carter Snead As Amici Curiae In Support Of The Petitioners, Nathan B. Oman, John D. Adams, Matthew A. Fitzgerald Sep 2019

Brief Of Law Professors Bruce P. Frohnen, Robert P. George, Alan J. Meese, Michael P. Moreland, Nathan B. Oman, Michael Stokes Paulsen, Rodney K. Smith, Steven D. Smith, And O. Carter Snead As Amici Curiae In Support Of The Petitioners, Nathan B. Oman, John D. Adams, Matthew A. Fitzgerald

Nathan B. Oman

No abstract provided.


Hobby Lobby, Corporate Law, And Rfra, Alan J. Meese Sep 2019

Hobby Lobby, Corporate Law, And Rfra, Alan J. Meese

Alan J. Meese

No abstract provided.


Hobby Lobby, Corporate Law, And The Theory Of The Firm: Why For-Profit Corporations Are Rfra Persons, Alan J. Meese, Nathan B. Oman Sep 2019

Hobby Lobby, Corporate Law, And The Theory Of The Firm: Why For-Profit Corporations Are Rfra Persons, Alan J. Meese, Nathan B. Oman

Alan J. Meese

No abstract provided.


Hobby Lobby And Corporate Social Responsibility: A View From The Right, Alan J. Meese Sep 2019

Hobby Lobby And Corporate Social Responsibility: A View From The Right, Alan J. Meese

Alan J. Meese

No abstract provided.


How Not To Challenge The Court, Neal Devins Sep 2019

How Not To Challenge The Court, Neal Devins

Neal E. Devins

No abstract provided.


Parents' Religion And Children's Welfare: Debunking The Doctrine Of Parents' Rights, James G. Dwyer Sep 2019

Parents' Religion And Children's Welfare: Debunking The Doctrine Of Parents' Rights, James G. Dwyer

James G. Dwyer

The scope, weight, and assignment of parental rights have been the focus of much debate among legal commentators. These commentators generally have assumed that parents should have some rights in connection with the raising of their children. Rarely have commentators offered justifications for attributing rights to persons as parents, and when they have done so they have failed to subject those justifications to close scrutiny. This Article takes the novel approach of challenging parental rights in their entirety. The author explores the fundamental questions of what it means to say that individuals have rights as parents, and whether it is …


Book Review Of The Child Cases: How America's Religious Exemption Laws Harm Children, James G. Dwyer Sep 2019

Book Review Of The Child Cases: How America's Religious Exemption Laws Harm Children, James G. Dwyer

James G. Dwyer

No abstract provided.