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The Influence Of The Andean Intellectual Property Regime On Access To Medicines In Latin America, Laurence R. Helfer, Karen J. Alter Jan 2014

The Influence Of The Andean Intellectual Property Regime On Access To Medicines In Latin America, Laurence R. Helfer, Karen J. Alter

Faculty Scholarship

This chapter is a contribution to "Balancing Wealth and Health: Global Administrative Law and the Battle over Intellectual Property and Access to Medicines in Latin America," Rochelle Dreyfuss & César Rodríguez-Garavito, eds. Part I of the chapter explains how the repeated interactions between the Andean Tribunal of Justice (ATJ) and domestic IP agencies in the Andean Community helped to build an effective IP rule of law and to solidify pro-consumer interpretations of regional patent and trademark rules. Part II documents how ATJ judges and agency officials enabled Andean governments to resist pressure from the United States and its pharmaceutical industry …


Last Sale? Libraries’ Rights In The Digital Age, Jennifer Jenkins Jan 2014

Last Sale? Libraries’ Rights In The Digital Age, Jennifer Jenkins

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


The Failed Promise Of User Fees: Empirical Evidence From The United States Patent And Trademark Office, Michael D. Frakes, Melissa F. Wasserman Jan 2014

The Failed Promise Of User Fees: Empirical Evidence From The United States Patent And Trademark Office, Michael D. Frakes, Melissa F. Wasserman

Faculty Scholarship

In an attempt to shed light on the impact of user-fee financing structures on the behavior of administrative agencies, we explore the relationship between the funding structure of the Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) and its examination practices. We suggest that the PTO’s reliance on prior grantees to subsidize current applicants exposes the Agency to a risk that its obligatory costs will surpass incoming fee collections. When such risks materialize, we hypothesize, and thereafter document, that the PTO will restore financial balance by extending preferential examination treatment—i.e., higher granting propensities and/or shorter wait times—to some technologies over others.


Innovation And Incarceration: An Economic Analysis Of Criminal Intellectual Property Law, Christopher Buccafusco, Jonathan S. Masur Jan 2014

Innovation And Incarceration: An Economic Analysis Of Criminal Intellectual Property Law, Christopher Buccafusco, Jonathan S. Masur

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


U.S. Executive Branch Patent Policy, Global And Domestic, Arti K. Rai Jan 2014

U.S. Executive Branch Patent Policy, Global And Domestic, Arti K. Rai

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Diagnostic Patents At The Supreme Court, Arti K. Rai Jan 2014

Diagnostic Patents At The Supreme Court, Arti K. Rai

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Competing With The “Patent Court”: A Newly Robust Ecosystem, Arti K. Rai Jan 2014

Competing With The “Patent Court”: A Newly Robust Ecosystem, Arti K. Rai

Faculty Scholarship

In a provocative address, Chief Judge Wood of the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals suggests exposing the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, created in 1982 to hear all appeals from patent cases, to competition from sister appellate courts. This response, published as part of a Symposium on Chief Judge Wood's address, argues that competition is indeed desirable. Whether such competition is best provided by other appellate courts is unclear, however. The more tractable approach is to improve competitive input from sources that have already emerged. These include dissenting Federal Circuit judges, parties and amici who are not "patent …


Compliance Of Canada’S Utility Doctrine With International Minimum Standards Of Patent Protection, Jerome H. Reichman Jan 2014

Compliance Of Canada’S Utility Doctrine With International Minimum Standards Of Patent Protection, Jerome H. Reichman

Faculty Scholarship

This article analyzes the Canadian court case of Eli Lilly v. Novopharm and the "utility" doctrine in Canada, and international standards of patent protection including TRIPS and NAFTA. The ‘‘promise of the patent’’ doctrine in Canada seeks to ensure that firms do not obtain a legal monopoly on the basis of speculative claims about increased utility — especially claims about therapeutic efficacy — that were unsubstantiated at the time of filing. Under this test, some of Eli Lilly’s patented pharmaceutical products have been invalidated retroactively.


Experimental Tests Of Intellectual Property Laws' Creativity Thresholds, Christopher Buccafusco, Zachary C. Burns, Jeanne C. Fromer, Christopher Jon Sprigman Jan 2014

Experimental Tests Of Intellectual Property Laws' Creativity Thresholds, Christopher Buccafusco, Zachary C. Burns, Jeanne C. Fromer, Christopher Jon Sprigman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.