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Rethinking Wto Trade Sanctions, Steve Charnovitz
Rethinking Wto Trade Sanctions, Steve Charnovitz
GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works
The paper presents an outline of the issues and a preliminary appraisal of the use of trade sanctions by the World Trade Organization (WTO) as a means of promoting compliance by parties. The WTO is unique among intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) in using trade sanctions to enforce independent adjudications. Many commentators have suggested using trade sanctions analogously in other IGOs, or alternatively broadening trade rules so that the sanctions can be used for other purposes, such as enforcing basic human rights. The paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of the use of such compliance sanctions by the WTO and concludes that …
Transnational Civil Society Dialogues, Francesca Bignami, Steve Charnovitz
Transnational Civil Society Dialogues, Francesca Bignami, Steve Charnovitz
GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works
Among the most interesting features of the New Transatlantic Agenda are the initiatives that are designed to link private actors and enable them to influence official policy making. Called "building bridges across the Atlantic" or "people-to-people links," these initiatives are intended to generate broad-based support for intergovernmental cooperation in trade liberalization, deregulation, immigration, justice, and a host of other areas (Wayne 1998; Krenzler 1998). This chapter surveys the efforts to institutionalize transatlantic civil society dialogue and offers suggestions on how the undertaking can be improved.
Crosby As Foreign Relations Law, Edward T. Swaine
Crosby As Foreign Relations Law, Edward T. Swaine
GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works
This brief essay addresses the Supreme Court's end-of-term decision in Crosby v. National Foreign Trade Council, which preempted Massachusetts's law limiting public procurement from companies doing business in Burma. The essay addresses the perception that Crosby was limited in its implications for foreign relations law, and explores the Court's minimalist approach to inescapably constitutional questions - concluding, in the end, that the Court made foreign relations law without professing to do so, and without fully appreciating its consequences or capitalizing on its benefits.
The Wto And The Rights Of The Individual, Steve Charnovitz
The Wto And The Rights Of The Individual, Steve Charnovitz
GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works
The Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization (WTO) is silent regarding its relationship to the individual. One might presume that an international organization set up to emancipate trade could have no purpose other than upholding trading rights of private actors. But the WTO was not established to achieve "free trade". That goal is absent from the Marrakesh Agreement. Instead, the goals of the Agreement are "reciprocal and mutually advantageous arrangements directed to the substantial reduction of tariffs and other barriers to trade" and the "elimination of discriminatory treatment in international trade relations". The term "reciprocal arrangements" makes clear that …
Transnational Civil Society Dialogues, Steve Charnovitz, Francesca Bignami
Transnational Civil Society Dialogues, Steve Charnovitz, Francesca Bignami
GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works
Among the most interesting features of the New Transatlantic Agenda are the initiatives that are designed to link private actors and enable them to influence official policy making. Called "building bridges across the Atlantic" or "people-to-people links," these initiatives are intended to generate broad-based support for intergovernmental cooperation in trade liberalization, deregulation, immigration, justice, and a host of other areas (Wayne 1998; Krenzler 1998). This chapter surveys the efforts to institutionalize transatlantic civil society dialogue and offers suggestions on how the undertaking can be improved.