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Full-Text Articles in Law
Complicated Lives: A Look Into The Experience Of Individuals Living With Hiv, Legal Impediments, And Other Social Determinants Of Health, Margaret B. Drew, Jason Potter, Caitlin Stover
Complicated Lives: A Look Into The Experience Of Individuals Living With Hiv, Legal Impediments, And Other Social Determinants Of Health, Margaret B. Drew, Jason Potter, Caitlin Stover
Faculty Publications
Those living with HIV continue to have challenges that extend well beyond their medical needs Public misconceptions surrounding HIV transmission and treatment have resulted in systemic and pervasive discrimination against those living with the disease. Common misconceptions include overly optimistic perceptions of the modern state of medical treatment, leading the uninformed to conclude that people living with HIV are minimally impacted by the disease, and misunderstandings regarding how the disease is transmitted from person-to-person, leading to stigma and social prejudice. Because of these misconceptions, three professors from the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth formed a community partnership to determine the unmet …
Services And Resources For People Living With Hiv/Aids In The Southcoast Of Massachusetts: “Can’T Get There From Here!”, Jason Potter Burda, Margaret B. Drew, Caitlin M. Stover
Services And Resources For People Living With Hiv/Aids In The Southcoast Of Massachusetts: “Can’T Get There From Here!”, Jason Potter Burda, Margaret B. Drew, Caitlin M. Stover
Faculty Publications
Fall River and New Bedford, two diverse and economically challenged cities in the Southcoast region of Massachusetts, are areas of substantial concern in the effort to reduce HIV incidence and to provide effective services for people living with HIV/AIDS in the Commonwealth. In these two communities, HIV disparately impacts marginalized populations, with particularly high infection and prevalence rates among men who have sex with men and injection drug users in comparison to other Massachusetts localities. This project used community engaged research principles to conduct a community assessment guided by the social determinants of health. The primary goal of this study …
What Is The Meaning Of Health? Constitutional Implications Of Defining 'Medical Necessity' And 'Essential Health Benefits' Under The Affordable Care Act, B. Jessie Hill
Faculty Publications
One consequence of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is that government will come to play a more extensive role in healthcare decision-making by individuals and their providers. The ACA does not directly regulate access to health services, but by means of a system of funding, mandates, and penalties, it essentially requires many employers to provide, and most individuals to carry, a certain minimum level of health insurance. Governmental decisions about which medical services qualify as medically necessary and appropriate may take on a new and greater importance, because government officials will be required to decide what sorts of procedures must …
Non-Beneficial Pediatric Research And The Best Interest Standard: A Reconciliation, Paul J. Litton
Non-Beneficial Pediatric Research And The Best Interest Standard: A Reconciliation, Paul J. Litton
Faculty Publications
Federal efforts beginning in the 1990's have successfully increased pediatric research to improve medical care for all children. Since 1997, the FDA has requested 800 pediatric studies involving 45,000 children. Much of this research is "non-beneficial"; that is, it exposes pediatric subjects to risk even though these children will not benefit from participating in the research. Non-beneficial pediatric research (NBPR) seems, by definition, contrary to the best interests of pediatric subjects, which is why one state supreme court has essentially prohibited it. It also appears that the only plausible rationale for this research is utilitarian, as it risks some children …
Health Courts?, Philip G. Peters Jr.
Health Courts?, Philip G. Peters Jr.
Faculty Publications
This article undertakes the first detailed critique of the proposal from Common Good and the Harvard School of Public Health to replace medical malpractice jury trials with adjudication before specialized health courts. Professor Peters concludes that the modest benefits likely to be produced by the current health court proposal are matched by the risks of bias and overreaching that these courts would also present. Missing from the plan is the doctrinal change mostly likely to improve patient safety - hospital enterprise liability. Without enterprise liability, the health court proposal is unlikely to achieve its patient safety goals and, as a …
A Right To No Meaningful Review Under The Due Process Clause: The Aftermath Of Judicial Deference To The Federal Administrative Agencies, Ruqaiijah Yearby
A Right To No Meaningful Review Under The Due Process Clause: The Aftermath Of Judicial Deference To The Federal Administrative Agencies, Ruqaiijah Yearby
Faculty Publications
The Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment has been perverted in the federal administrative system. For example, federal agencies, such as the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), regularly deprive individuals of liberty and property with little to no review. In its regulation of the health care industry through the Medicare program, HHS often turns a blind eye to procedural Due Process protections, such as providing individuals an opportunity to challenge the deprivation of property at a hearing, even though the Constitution, the Administrative Procedure Act, and the Medicare Act grant these protections. The Medicare compliance hearing …
Is It Too Late For Title Vi Enforcement?: Seeking Redemption Of The Unequal United States‟ Long Term Care System Through International Means, Ruqaiijah Yearby
Is It Too Late For Title Vi Enforcement?: Seeking Redemption Of The Unequal United States‟ Long Term Care System Through International Means, Ruqaiijah Yearby
Faculty Publications
Legal and medical experts have noted continued racism in the health care system that prevents the equal distribution of quality care. Initially most racism was intentional and expressed through de jure segregation, as evidenced by federal funding of the construction of racial segregated health care facilities. Now most racism, expressed through de facto segregation, is subtly incorporated into the daily practices of institutions causing an adverse disparate impact on African-Americans. This institutional racism establishes separate and independent barriers through the neutral denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups that results from the normal operations of the institutions …
Genetic Health And Eugenics Precedents: A Voice Of Caution, Larry I. Palmer
Genetic Health And Eugenics Precedents: A Voice Of Caution, Larry I. Palmer
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Harming Future Persons: Obligations To The Children Of Reproductive Technology, Philip G. Peters Jr.
Harming Future Persons: Obligations To The Children Of Reproductive Technology, Philip G. Peters Jr.
Faculty Publications
Two paradigms dominate contemporary ethical and legal debate about the risks posed to children who owe their lives to reproductive technology. One asks whether the children have lives so tragic that life itself is harmful. The other approach asks whether children so conceived are likely to enjoy a minimally decent existence. Although the two approaches have quite different analytic foundations, they share one crucial trait. Each concludes that children who owe their lives to reproductive technology are harmed only when that technology causes genuinely catastrophic injuries.Because these conventional paradigms define harmful conduct exclusively by reference to the magnitude of the …
Crossing The Line: The Political And Moral Battle Over Late-Term Abortion, Rigel C. Oliveri
Crossing The Line: The Political And Moral Battle Over Late-Term Abortion, Rigel C. Oliveri
Faculty Publications
This paper focuses on the political and moral debate surrounding two pieces of federal legislation which sought to criminalize a particular late term abortion technique scientifically known as "intact dilation and extraction," and popularly known as "partial birth abortion." The Congressional "Partial Birth Abortion" Bans of 1996 and 1997 inflamed the already emotionally charged contest over abortion rights. The intense lobbying and advocacy efforts put pro-choice activists in the uncomfortable position of having to defend one of the most extreme positions on the abortion-rights spectrum. The advocacy was further complicated by the fact that very few women obtain late term …
Rethinking Wrongful Life: Bridging The Boundary Between Tort And Family Law, Philip G. Peters Jr.
Rethinking Wrongful Life: Bridging The Boundary Between Tort And Family Law, Philip G. Peters Jr.
Faculty Publications
Traditional tort law embraces an unduly narrow notion of corrective justice that fails to resolve wrongful life disputes satisfactorily. The unique circumstances associated with the creation of a new life bring into play another, broader paradigm of responsibility: one that resembles family law more than tort. From this perspective, children whose birth can be attributed to tortious conduct have a strong moral claim for supplemental child support whenever a tortfeasor's interference with the pro- creative rights of the parents foreseeably results in the birth of a child and that child's parents cannot provide adequate support. In such an instance, the …
The State's Interest In The Preservation Of Life: From Quinlan To Cruzan, Philip G. Peters Jr.
The State's Interest In The Preservation Of Life: From Quinlan To Cruzan, Philip G. Peters Jr.
Faculty Publications
This article considers the kinds of limits on withholding that each of these policies might plausibly support, compares these limits to the judicial approaches taken in the refusal of treatment cases, and explores how apparent conflicts between these state goals and the interests of the patients might be resolved. Because this article focuses exclusively on the state's interests, however, it necessarily isolates and considers only one portion of a complex problem involving the interests of patients, families, providers, and others. No comprehensive examination of the nature and weight of the patient's interests or those of other involved parties is attempted. …