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Taxation - Federal Income Tax - Capital Gain Treatment Of Amount Received From Sublessee By Lessee-Sublessor For Surrender Of Lease To Lessor, Paul Tractenberg Dec 1961

Taxation - Federal Income Tax - Capital Gain Treatment Of Amount Received From Sublessee By Lessee-Sublessor For Surrender Of Lease To Lessor, Paul Tractenberg

Michigan Law Review

The lessor and the sublessee of a valuable piece of business property sought to remove the intervening interest of petitioner, the lessee-sublessor. Petitioner agreed to release to the lessor all his right and interest in the leasehold and in consideration therefor petitioner received a sum of money from the sublessee. The Tax Court decided in a deficiency proceeding that the entire amount should be taxed as ordinary income on the ground that it was merely a substitute for future rental payments. On appeal, held, reversed. Since the substance of the transaction was the transfer of the leasehold from the …


Taxation - Federal Income Tax - Deductibility Of Seminar Cruise As Business Expense, Thomas W. Van Dyke Dec 1961

Taxation - Federal Income Tax - Deductibility Of Seminar Cruise As Business Expense, Thomas W. Van Dyke

Michigan Law Review

Petitioner, a physician, participated in a postgraduate medical seminar held aboard a passenger ship during an eighteen-day cruise of the Mediterranean. A number of hour-long lectures followed by discussion periods were held on the ship during each of the six or seven days it was at sea and occasionally while in port; additional study was not required. Petitioner spent most of his time in leisurely activities aboard ship and in sightseeing. All expenses of the course and cruise were included in one charge which petitioner claimed as an ordinary and necessary business expense under section 162 (a) . The Commissioner …


Taxation- Federal Income Tax-Status Of Stock-For-Stock Exchange Where Boot Is Involved, Roger B. Harris S. Ed Nov 1961

Taxation- Federal Income Tax-Status Of Stock-For-Stock Exchange Where Boot Is Involved, Roger B. Harris S. Ed

Michigan Law Review

Taxpayer was the sole stockholder of International Dairy Supply Company. In 1952, Foremost Dairies, Inc. acquired from taxpayer all his stock in Supply Company in exchange for 82,375 shares of Foremast's common stock and 3,000,000 dollars cash. Taxpayer reported as gain from the transaction only the 3,000,000 dollars "boot" received, less allowable expenses. The Commissioner determined a deficiency of 278,823 dollars, asserting that the nonrecognition provision of the 1939 Code counterpart of section 356 (a) (1) was inapplicable and therefore taxpayer's entire gain realized on the disposition must be recognized. The Tax Court upheld taxpayer's contention that by virtue of …


Taxation - Federal Income Tax - Severance Damages To Real Property Are A Component Of Charitable Deduction, Michael M. Hughes Jun 1961

Taxation - Federal Income Tax - Severance Damages To Real Property Are A Component Of Charitable Deduction, Michael M. Hughes

Michigan Law Review

The United States selected part of petitioners' estate for construction of a Nike missile base and began condemnation proceedings and negotiations for sale of the premises in lieu of condemnation. Upon failure of the parties to agree on a sale price, petitioners made a gift of the site and certain easements in adjoining land to the United States for so long as the site was used as a missile base. In their 1955 return petitioners claimed a charitable deduction of $69,782 as the fair market value, including severance damages to the remaining portion of their estate, of the property conveyed. …


Taxation - Federal Income Tax - Published Opinions Of The New Tax Officialdom: A Review, David G. Hill S.Ed. Apr 1961

Taxation - Federal Income Tax - Published Opinions Of The New Tax Officialdom: A Review, David G. Hill S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

President John F. Kennedy has appointed as his principal tax officials two men who have long been on record as proponents of tax reform. This comment is a collection and, to a small extent, an analysis of the opinions found in their published statements on taxation. Stanley S. Surrey, fifty-year-old Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Tax Policy, first served with the Treasury Department in 1937. He was Tax Legislative Counsel from 1942 to 1947 and later served as Special Counsel to the House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Administration of the Revenue Laws. He also has served as Reporter …


Federal Estate Tax - Marital Deduction - Annuity For Life With Guaranteed Certain Payments Not Divided Into Two Properties By Insurer's Accounting Treatment, William S. Bach Apr 1961

Federal Estate Tax - Marital Deduction - Annuity For Life With Guaranteed Certain Payments Not Divided Into Two Properties By Insurer's Accounting Treatment, William S. Bach

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff, executor of decedent's estate, brought suit to recover an overpayment of federal estate tax. Decedent had purchased a life insurance policy and had elected an option under which proceeds would be paid to his wife in monthly payments for her life; however, the option also guaranteed a minimum of 240 payments. In the event the wife died before 240 payments were made, payments were to continue to decedent's daughter, or on the death of both wife and daughter, the commuted value of the remaining guaranteed payments would be paid in lump sum to the estate of the survivor. The …


Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Corporation Held Not Collapsible Where View To Sell Arose After Construction Completed, Amalya L. Kearse Mar 1961

Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Corporation Held Not Collapsible Where View To Sell Arose After Construction Completed, Amalya L. Kearse

Michigan Law Review

Petitioners had formed a corporation for the purpose of building and operating a housing project. After the construction was completed and most of the apartments rented, small cracks were discovered in the buildings. Without soliciting engineering or other technical opinion, petitioners sold their stock in the corporation. The Tax Court upheld respondent-commissioner's taxing the profit from the sale of stock as ordinary income rather than capital gain, on the theory that the corporation was "collapsible" under section 117 (m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939. On appeal, held, reversed. Since the view to the sale of stock did …


Taxation - Income Tax -Gross Income From Mining As The Basis For Computing Percentage Depletion Allowances, John Niehuss Feb 1961

Taxation - Income Tax -Gross Income From Mining As The Basis For Computing Percentage Depletion Allowances, John Niehuss

Michigan Law Review

Respondent, a miner of raw fire clay and a manufacturer of such clay into vitrified products, claimed a percentage depletion deduction based upon the gross income from the sale of its finished goods, contending that because its crude minerals could not be sold profitably in a local market, these final products were the first to meet the statutory standard of "commercially marketable mineral product." The district court and the Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit accepted respondent's contention. On certiorari to the United States Supreme Court, held, reversed, one Justice concurring. The fact that a taxpayer himself cannot …


The New Tax Policy On Deferred Compensation, Ralph S. Rice Jan 1961

The New Tax Policy On Deferred Compensation, Ralph S. Rice

Michigan Law Review

No single factor of income tax planning today exceeds in importance those devices under which payment of tax with respect to services performed by an employee in his peak earning years is postponed until the compensation is actually paid to him at a later date. It is normally expected that through these devices payment will be made to the employee after he has partially or fully retired and no longer encounters the high tax burden which arises from progressive rates at the time the services are rendered.


Constitutional Law - Due Process - Collection Of State Use Tax From Nonresident Vendor, Jerome M. Salle Jan 1961

Constitutional Law - Due Process - Collection Of State Use Tax From Nonresident Vendor, Jerome M. Salle

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff, a Georgia corporation not qualified to do business in Florida, solicited orders for merchandise from Florida residents through independent brokers who forwarded the orders to plaintiff's Georgia office for acceptance. Plaintiff did not maintain any place of business in Florida nor have any regular employee or agent there. In a suit to enjoin the enforcement of a distress warrant issued upon plaintiff's failure to collect the Florida use tax, the chancellor denied relief and the Florida Supreme Court affirmed. On appeal to the United States Supreme Court, held, affirmed, one Justice dissenting. Enforcement of the statute requiring collection …