Law Commons^™

The Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him)'S Merciful Reforms In The Conduct Of War: The Prohibited Acts, Muhammad Munir Dr.

Dr. Muhammad Munir

This paper argues that Islam introduced far reaching reforms to warfare; that the conduct of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and his successors does not to allow the burning and drowning of enemy to death. Destroying buildings, cutting down trees, committing perfidy, breaching the trust of the enemy, the killing of women, children, servants, old, infirm, sick, wounded, priests, peasants, prisoners of warand envoys is strictly against the teachings of the Prophet (peace be upon him) or his successors. The destruction of harvest, livestock and forests, looting, plundering and corruption from the war booty and indiscipline are prohibited as …

American Antitrust Jurisprudence Applied To European Commission V. Intel, Paul Jones

Brigham Young University International Law & Management Review

No abstract provided.

Emotional Competence, Multicultural Lawyering And Race, Marjorie A. Silver

Marjorie A. Silver

No abstract provided.

Não Uma Outra República, A Nossa República, Outra, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Porque é que as democracias nunca se defendem bem? E como não vêem alguns dos que, generosa ou utopicamente, advogam uma nova república (a que chamam IV, normalmente, contando como tal o salazarismo-caetanismo, que foi uma autocracia, logo não uma república, mesmo uma anti-república), estão objectivamente a levar água ao moinho dessa coisa-outra que pode ter fachada republicana (ou monárquica…), mas só poderia ser, de novo, uma autocracia?

Majoritarian Difficulty And Theories Of Constitutional Decision Making, Michael C. Dorf

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Recent scholarship in political science and law challenges the view that judicial review in the United States poses what Alexander Bickel famously called the "counter-majoritarian difficulty." Although courts do regularly invalidate state and federal action on constitutional grounds, they rarely depart substantially from the median of public opinion. When they do so depart, if public opinion does not eventually come in line with the judicial view, constitutional amendment, changes in judicial personnel, and/or changes in judicial doctrine typically bring judicial understandings closer to public opinion. But if the modesty of courts dissolves Bickel's worry, it raises a distinct one: Are …

(Mis)Judging Intent: The Fundamental Attribution Error In Federal Securities Law, Victor D. Quintanilla

Victor D. Quintanilla

This article examines the element of scienter (fraudulent intent) in claims of federal securities fraud under Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and, more specifically, the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Tellabs, Inc. v. Makor Issues & Rights, Ltd., 551 U.S. 308 (2007) from a social-psychological perspective. The field of social psychology has documented a pervasive phenomena—the Fundamental Attribution Error—the failure of decision-makers to consider situational explanations, including the force of environments and social and situational norms on human conduct. In light of robust social-psychological research on the Fundamental Attribution Error, legal concepts such as intent, intentionality, mens rea, and …

Junior Bar Law Review 1 (2010), 21-40 Judicial Activism Revisited: Reflecting On The Role Of Judges In Enforcing Economic, Social And Cultural Rights, Gehan D. Gunatilleke Mr.

Gehan D Gunatilleke Mr.

Following the conclusion of military operations in Sri Lanka in 2009, the issue of economic development and distributive justice appears to have remerged on the country’s agenda. Within this post-conflict context, the judiciary in Sri Lanka is confronted with a major challenge in terms of defining its proper role in the promotion of Economic Social and Cultural (“ESC”) rights. The precise extent to which judges should be ‘activist’ in promoting these rights should be contrasted with the level of activism required of judges in the sphere of civil and political rights. Advocating ESC rights in Sri Lanka simply cannot be …

The Life Of An Unknown Assassin: Leon Czolgosz And The Death Of William Mckinley, Cary Federman

Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The purpose of this essay is to examine the discourses that surrounded the life of Leon Czolgosz, the assassin of President William McKinley. The gaps in Czolgosz’s life, his peculiar silences, his poor health and the ambiguity and thinness of his confession, rather than taken as instances of mental and physical distress, have, instead, been understood as signs of a revolutionary anarchistic assassin. Czolgosz is an expression of a cultural tradition in somatic form. I argue that the discursive construction of criminality, already present in the late nineteenth century within the medical and human sciences, is what shaped Czolgosz’s life …

Revisões Constitucionais Inconstitucionais?, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Algumas propostas de revisão constitucional parecem ignorar que tal procedimento está constitucionalizado, e que há regras para o fazer, assim como vários limites a respeitar. Só podem ser consideradas iniciativas de divulgação de ideários políticos porque, se por absurdo fossem por diante, acabariam por constituir revisões constitucionais inconstitucionais. Um dos pontos mais nevráligicos da polémica (não só portuguesa) sobre as mutações constitucionais é o Estado Social. Sobre ele se gerou um amplo consenso na Constituinte, que persiste e até talvez se haja aprofundado na sociedade de hoje. Ele faz intrinsecamente parte do programa da Constituição vigente, pelo que revê-la de …

Visões E Revisões Constitucionais, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Os tempos actuais são apesar de tudo excelentes para reflectir sobre o vero alcance das normas. E sobretudo das normas generosas da nossa Constituição democrática e social. Não se pense que a Constituição é milagrosa. As crises, como aquela em que nos encontramos, colocam-lhe desafios sérios, e é a força das coisas, dos factos, e não o normativo dos textos, quem impera normalmente.

The Supreme Court’S Rationale In Capital Cases: A One Way Street?, Kimberly Bliss

Pace Law Review

No abstract provided.

Merging In The Shadow Of The Law: The Case For Consistent Judicial Efficiency Analysis, Jamie H. Moffitt

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Article examines current judicial interpretation of Section 7 of the Clayton Act through the lens of negotiation theory. The research exposes a gap between how courts state they are analyzing efficiency claims in Section 7 Clayton Act enforcement actions and what they are actually doing. During periods of lax antitrust enforcement, this pattern is not readily visible, since almost all proposed merger and acquisition ("M&A") deals are approved. With a shift to more aggressive antitrust policy, however, it is critical that merger review include appropriate weighing of transaction-generated efficiencies-something missing from courts' current antitrust analysis. Although only a small …

Clark Memorandum: Fall 2010, J. Reuben Clark Law Society, Byu Law School Alumni Association, J. Reuben Clark Law School

The Clark Memorandum

• A Walk of Thanksgiving (David Dominguez)
• Carl S. Hawkins (1926-2010)
• Carl Hawkins, Teacher (Monte Stewart)
• Keys to Being Happy, Successful, and Fulfilled (J. Clifford Wallace)
• "How Shall This Be?" (Jane H. Wise)
• Essentials of a Mormon Jurisprudence (John W. Welch)

The Right To Food And Buyer Power, Aravind Ganesh

Aravind Ganesh

Modern global food supply chains are characterised by extreme levels of concentration in the middle of those chains. This paper argues that such concentration leads to excessive buyer power, which harms the consumers and food producers at the ends of the supply chains. This paper argues that the harms suffered by farmers are serious enough as to constitute violations of the international human right to food as it is expressed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Political Rights, and further argues that world competition law regimes cannot ignore these human rights …

Palavras Claras, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Cuidemos das palavras. É tão fácil identificar um novo-rico cultural ou um tecnocrata vazio pela linguagem de plástico... Essa linguagem (voltei a ver agora numa releitura de António Telmo, mas já está em Confúcio), molda mesmo a mente. Quem assim fala, assim pensa. É critério infalível.

Lições Do Kiwi, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Nenhum desafio, nem mesmo o do sabor de um fruto descrito por palavras, pode ficar sem resposta – ainda que aproximativa; a ausência de convenções sobre o como fazer não deve paralisar quem quer fazer; a analogia com o fazer outras coisas pode servir de inspiração; mas não se pode fazer algo de novo, ou face a coisas novas meramente repetindo o antigo – é preciso alguma inovação, ainda que na reunião dos meios; finalmente, cada coisa, cada desafio novo, cada nova tarefa, convoca instrumentos adequados, e não outros.

República E Monarquia: Desfazendo Confusões, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Há pelo menos três sentidos essencias da palavra República... Se os confundirmos, estamos perdidos, nunca nos entenderemos. O sentido mais profícuo é o material ou substancial e intermédio: nem o que diz que todas as sociedades políticas o são (sentido hoje quase esquecido), nem o que identifica formalmente as repúblicas com todas as sociedades que não têm rei, sem lhes verificar requisitos éticos. Há um "quid" especial nas Repúblicas para quem é republicano. E que não tem nada a ver com o que nelas vêem os monárquicos ou os indiferentes (?)...

The Judge As Author / The Author As Judge, Ryan B. Witte

Golden Gate University Law Review

The first section of this Article discusses the judge as an author. This section begins with an examination of the audience for judicial opinions and an outline of the different styles of judicial opinion writing. The second section of this Article examines the advantages and disadvantages of using literary tools to advance the law. The third section of this Article explores the role of the author as a judge. This section will study a small number of judges who, in addition to the law, maintain outside lives as authors or creative writers. Judges who fit into this category include authors …

Access To Justice In Times Of Fiscal Crisis, Chief Justice Ronald M. George

Golden Gate University Law Review

Ronald M. George is the 27th Chief Justice of the California Supreme Court. He delivered this address at the Golden Gate University School of Law on October 20, 2009.

Dissent, Judge William A. Fletcher

Golden Gate University Law Review

No abstract provided.

When Are Law And Economics Isomorphic?, John Cirace

Golden Gate University Law Review

The legal community generally views the way in which judges decide cases as a rational decision process. However, the concept of judicial rationality is ambiguous, because judges use two rational decision processes: legal rationality and economic rationality. Legal rationality is based on the principle of precedent, or stare decisis, which requires that judges decide like cases alike. Judges determine whether cases are like or distinguishable through the construction of legal classifications and through recognition of factual similarities and differences.

"On Certiorari To The Ninth Circuit Court Of Appeals": The Supreme Court's Review Of Ninth Circuit Cases During The October 2006 Term, Jessica L. Hannah, Kevan P. Mclaughlin

Golden Gate University Law Review

Whether reversed, affirmed, vacated, or remanded, a review of the interaction between the two courts over twenty-two cases reveals several fundamental differences between the two courts on key issues. This Comment examines these differences by exploring twenty of those decisions and how they illustrate the relationship between the Ninth Circuit and Supreme Court. Part I examines the decisions that arose from the Supreme Court's review of Ninth Circuit decisions. Part II ties these decisions and conclusions into a larger motif emerging between the Ninth Circuit and Supreme Court, and Part III ultimately concludes that the future is likely to continue …

The Servant Of All: Humility, Humanity, And Judicial Diversity, Michael Nava

Golden Gate University Law Review

This article discusses how judicial diversity might increase qualities of humility and humanity on the bench. I close this section with two examples, the first involving two United States Supreme Court justices and the second a judge on the San Francisco Superior Court.

Voir Dire Racial Discrimination Under A "Comparative Juror Analysis" In Kesser V. Cambra, Andje Morovich

Golden Gate University Law Review

In Kesser v. Cambra, the en banc Ninth Circuit panel held that a California State Prosecutor's justifications for peremptory challenges during jury voir dire were pretexts for purposeful discrimination. The Ninth Circuit concluded that the California Court of Appeal failed to apply the proper Supreme Court test under Batson v. Kentucky to determine whether the prosecutor's nonracial motives were pretextual. Applying a "comparative juror analysis" (comparing the characteristics of a stricken juror with an impaneled juror), the Ninth Circuit majority held that the California Court of Appeal improperly relied solely on the prosecutor's own self-serving testimony as to his race-neutral …

Judicial Independence: A Cornerstone Of Liberty: Golden Gate University School Of Law Jesse Carter Distinguished Speaker Series, Michael Traynor

Golden Gate University Law Review

Constitution Day Lecture, September 18, 2006

A Call For Uniformity In Appellate Courts' Rules Regarding Citation Of Unpublished Opinions, Analisa Pratt

Golden Gate University Law Review

This Comment is divided into seven parts. Part I provides an overview of the current practice concerning citation of unpublished opinions, including a look at how unpublished opinions came into existence, the types of opinions currently published, and the courts' reasoning for limiting citation of unpublished opinions. Part II describes the variations on precedential value an opinion could receive and describes the no-citation rules by circuit. Part III discusses the debate between the Eighth and the Ninth Circuits - the two most vocal circuits on the issue of citability. Part IV deconstructs the reasoning behind no-citation rules. Part V examines …

The Exclusionary Rule In Immigration Proceedings: Where It Was, Where It Is, Where It May Be Going, Irene Scharf

San Diego International Law Journal

The piece examines the treatment of the Fourth Amendment in immigration courts by surveying its jurisprudential history in those courts and then analyzes the judicial responses thereto. Disparities among circuit court rulings add to the confusion and unpredictability typical of Immigration Court decisions. Finally, the article discusses the difficulties raised by the divergent circuit court opinions and offers suggestions as to how we may resolve these difficulties in accordance with the Constitution's requirement of fair play.

Promise Against Peril: Of Power, Purpose, And Principle In International Law, Robert C. Hockett

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

I take two recent monographs on international law – Mary Ellen O’Connell’s "The Power and Purpose of International Law," and Eric Posner’s "The Perils of Global Legalism," as case studies in a more general inquiry into the role of the "rule of law" ideal in domestic and international law. I argue that international and domestic law alike give varyingly explicit and effective expression to the rule of law ideal, and that the task before us is accordingly steadily to improve their effectiveness in so doing, not to pretend that there is no role for this ideal to play in interpreting …

Protocolo De Investigación “La Flexibilidad En El Procedimiento De Licitación Pública Federal De México”, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

The State-In-Society Approach To Democratization With Examples From Japan, Mary Alice Haddad

Mary Alice Haddad

How does an undemocratic country create democratic institutions and transform its polity in such a way that democratic values and practices become integral parts of its political culture? This article uses the case of Japan to advocate for a new theoretical approach to the study of democratization. In particular, it examines how theoretical models based on the European and North American experiences have difficulty explaining the process of democratization in Japan, and argues that a state-in-society approach is better suited to explaining the democratization process diverse cultural contexts. Taking a bottom-up view of recent developments in Japanese civil society through …