Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- United States Supreme Court (12)
- Constitution (8)
- Fifth Amendment (8)
- Police (8)
- Commerce Clause (7)
-
- Interstate commerce (7)
- Congress (5)
- Miranda v. Arizona (5)
- United States v. Lopez (5)
- Authority (4)
- Firearms (4)
- Gun-Free School Zones Act (4)
- Guns (4)
- Confessions (3)
- Fourth Amendment (3)
- Gender and law (3)
- Police misconduct (3)
- Power (3)
- Searches (3)
- Women (3)
- Abortion (2)
- Admissibility (2)
- Coercion (2)
- Custodial interrogation (2)
- Dormant commerce clause (2)
- Emergencies (2)
- Enumerated powers (2)
- Evidence (2)
- Freedom (2)
- Juries (2)
Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Law
The Constitution's Forgotten Cover Letter: An Essay On The New Federalism And The Original Understanding, Daniel A. Farber
The Constitution's Forgotten Cover Letter: An Essay On The New Federalism And The Original Understanding, Daniel A. Farber
Michigan Law Review
At the end of the summer of 1787, the Philadelphia Convention issued two documents. One was the Constitution itself. The other document, now almost forgotten even by constitutional historians, was an official letter to Congress, signed by George Washington on behalf of the Convention. Congress responded with a resolution that the Constitution and "letter accompanying the same" be sent to the state legislatures for submission to conventions in each state.
The Washington letter lacks the detail and depth of some other evidence of original intent. Being a cover letter, it was designed only to introduce the accompanying document rather than …
Enumerated Means And Unlimited Ends, H. Jefferson Powell
Enumerated Means And Unlimited Ends, H. Jefferson Powell
Michigan Law Review
United States v. Lopez can be read as a fairly mundane disagreement over the application of a long-settled test. The Government defended the statute under review in the case, the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, along familiar lines as a permissible regulation of activity affecting interstate and foreign commerce.
In this essay, I do not address the question whether Lopez was an important decision. My concern instead is with the problem that underlies Lopez's particular issue of the scope of the commerce power: Given our commitment to limited national government, in what way is the national legislature actually limited? …
Foreword, Louis H. Pollak
Foreword, Louis H. Pollak
Michigan Law Review
Introduction to the Symposium Reflections on United States v. Lopez
Commerce!, Deborah Jones Merritt
Commerce!, Deborah Jones Merritt
Michigan Law Review
In this article, I explore the Supreme Court's new definition of "Commerce ... among the several States."9 In Part I, I examine three new principles that Lopez announces and that could significantly rework the Court's Commerce Clause jurisprudence. Part II, however, shows that these principles must be understood in the context of almost a dozen factors narrowing the Supreme Court's Lopez decision. Part II also demonstrates that the lower courts have understood the contextual uniqueness of Lopez and already have distinguished the decision in upholding more than half a dozen broad exercises of congressional authority. Part III then shows that …
"A Government Of Limited And Enumerated Powers": In Defense Of United States V. Lopez, Steven G. Calabresi
"A Government Of Limited And Enumerated Powers": In Defense Of United States V. Lopez, Steven G. Calabresi
Michigan Law Review
The Supreme Court's recent decision in United States v. Lopez marks a revolutionary and long overdue revival of the doctrine that the federal government is one of limited and enumerated powers. After being "asleep at the constitutional switch" for more than fifty years, the Court's decision to invalidate an Act of Congress on the ground that it exceeded the commerce power must be recognized as an extraordinary event. Even if Lopez produces no progeny and is soon overruled, the opinion has shattered forever the notion that, after fifty years of Commerce Clause precedent, we can never go back to the …
Petty Offenses, Serious Consequences: Multiple Petty Offenses And The Sixth Amendment Right To Jury Trial, Jeff E. Butler
Petty Offenses, Serious Consequences: Multiple Petty Offenses And The Sixth Amendment Right To Jury Trial, Jeff E. Butler
Michigan Law Review
In Blanton v. City of North Las Vegas, the Supreme Court set forth the definitive standard for distinguishing petty offenses from serious crimes.7 The benchmark used by the Court is the maximum prison term assigned to each offense by the legislature. Where the penalty exceeds six months' imprisonment, the offense is serious enough to trigger the right to jury trial. Where the penalty is six months' imprisonment or less, there is a strong presumption that the offense is petty; therefore, a defendant accused of that offense has no Sixth Amendment right to jury trial.
This Note argues that a criminal …
Policy Distortion And Democratic Debilitation: Comparative Illumination Of The Countermajoritarian Difficulty, Mark Tushnet
Policy Distortion And Democratic Debilitation: Comparative Illumination Of The Countermajoritarian Difficulty, Mark Tushnet
Michigan Law Review
James Bradley Thayer set the terms of the past century's discussion of judicial review in The Origin and Scope of the American Doctrine of Constitutional Law. Thayer was concerned with what Alexander Bickel labeled the "countermajoritarian difficulty" with judicial review, that judicial review displaces decisions made by near-contemporaneous political majorities and therefore is open to the charge that it is undemocratic. Thayer attempted to minimize the displacement- of political majorities through his "clear error" rule, according to which courts should not overturn legislation unless "those who have the right to make laws have not merely made a mistake, but have …
Back To The Briarpatch: An Argument In Favor Of Constitutional Meta-Analysis In State Action Determinations, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr.
Back To The Briarpatch: An Argument In Favor Of Constitutional Meta-Analysis In State Action Determinations, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr.
Michigan Law Review
Brer Rabbit, after claiming repeatedly that he would prefer almost anything to being thrown into the briarpatch, expressed glee once tossed there. In fact, Brer Rabbit wanted to be in the briarpatch because, like most rabbits, he could navigate the briarpatch with relative ease: the briarpatch was home.
Over the course of a century, the Supreme Court has developed a great degree of familiarity with the state action doctrine, a doctrinal briar patch. Like Brer Rabbit, the Court has disclaimed repeatedly any interest in being there.
In this article, I argue that the existing tests for establishing the presence of …
Homologizing Pregnancy And Motherhood: A Consideration Of Abortion, Julia E. Hanigsberg
Homologizing Pregnancy And Motherhood: A Consideration Of Abortion, Julia E. Hanigsberg
Michigan Law Review
In this essay I reconsider abortion in order to bridge what initially seem to be two opposing frameworks: first, the conception of abortion as an issue of women's bodily integrity and liberty, and second, the acknowledgement of the existence and meaning of intrauterine life. The abortion choice is indeed deeply and necessarily tied to women's bodily integrity. I will discuss how taking away women's ability to control their decision not to become mothers can be severely damaging to their very sense of self, for this denial of decisionmaking divides women from their wombs and uses their wombs for a purpose …
The Public Safety Exception To Miranda: Analyzing Subjective Motivation, Marc Schuyler Reiner
The Public Safety Exception To Miranda: Analyzing Subjective Motivation, Marc Schuyler Reiner
Michigan Law Review
This Note argues, however, that the appropriate inquiry under Quarles is whether an actual and reasonable belief in an emergency motivated the interrogating officer. This Note proposes a two-prong test to facilitate this inquiry. The subjective motivation prong evaluates the officer's subjective motivation as revealed by objective factors: the. content of the officer's questions, when he asked them, and when the suspect received Miranda warnings. The objective reasonableness prong looks at the objective circumstances to determine the reasonableness of the officer's belief in an emergency.
Part I demonstrates that the Quarles opinion actually contemplates and requires analysis of the officer's …
The Public Safety Exception To Miranda: Analyzing Subjective Motivation, Marc Schuyler Reiner
The Public Safety Exception To Miranda: Analyzing Subjective Motivation, Marc Schuyler Reiner
Michigan Law Review
This Note argues, however, that the appropriate inquiry under Quarles is whether an actual and reasonable belief in an emergency motivated the interrogating officer. This Note proposes a two-prong test to facilitate this inquiry. The subjective motivation prong evaluates the officer's subjective motivation as revealed by objective factors: the. content of the officer's questions, when he asked them, and when the suspect received Miranda warnings. The objective reasonableness prong looks at the objective circumstances to determine the reasonableness of the officer's belief in an emergency.
Part I demonstrates that the Quarles opinion actually contemplates and requires analysis of the officer's …
The Dormant Commerce Clause And State-Mandated Preference Laws In Public Contracting: Developing A More Substantive Application Of The Market-Participant Exception, Benjamin C. Bair
Michigan Law Review
This Note argues that the current focus on the relationship between states and their local governments as the key determinant of the constitutional validity of state-mandated preference laws is flawed. Instead, a court considering the validity of a state-mandated preference law should uphold such a law only if it distributes the benefits of state expenditures to state residents and does not excessively burden interstate commerce.
History's Stories, Stephan Landsman
History's Stories, Stephan Landsman
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Stories of Scottsboro by James Goodman
Constitutional Misconceptions, Radhika Rao
Constitutional Misconceptions, Radhika Rao
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Children of Choice: Freedom and the New Reproductive Technologies by John A. Robertson
Chopping Miranda Down To Size, Michael Chertoff
Chopping Miranda Down To Size, Michael Chertoff
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Confessions, Truth, and the Law by Joseph D. Grano
Thirteen Easy Pieces, Frank I. Michelman
Thirteen Easy Pieces, Frank I. Michelman
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Responding to Imperfection: The Theory and Practice of Constitutional Amendment by Sanford Levinson
The Countermajoritarian Paradox, Neal Davis
The Countermajoritarian Paradox, Neal Davis
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Liberty and Sexuality: The Right to Privacy and the Making of Roe v. Wade. by David J. Garrow
Power, Responsibility, And Republican Democracy, Marci A. Hamilton
Power, Responsibility, And Republican Democracy, Marci A. Hamilton
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Power Without Responsibility: How Congress Abuses the People Through Delegation by David Schoenbrod
Privacy's Problem And The Law Of Criminal Procedure, William J. Stuntz
Privacy's Problem And The Law Of Criminal Procedure, William J. Stuntz
Michigan Law Review
Part I of this article addresses the connection between privacy-based limits on police authority and substantive limits on government power as a general matter. Part II briefly addresses the effects of that connection on Fourth and Fifth Amendment law, both past and present. Part ID suggests that privacy protection has a deeper problem: it tends to obscure more serious harms that attend police misconduct, harms that flow not from information disclosure but from the police use of force. The upshot is that criminal procedure would be better off with less attention to privacy, at least as privacy is defined in …
Response: The Problems With Privacy's Problem, Louis Michael Seidman
Response: The Problems With Privacy's Problem, Louis Michael Seidman
Michigan Law Review
A Response to William J. Stuntz's "Privacy's Problem and the Law of Criminal Procedure"
Reply: Self-Incrimination And The Constitution: A Brief Rejoinder To Professor Kamisar, Akhil Reed Amar, Renée B. Lettow
Reply: Self-Incrimination And The Constitution: A Brief Rejoinder To Professor Kamisar, Akhil Reed Amar, Renée B. Lettow
Michigan Law Review
A Reply to Yale Kamisar's Response to the "Fifth Amendment Principles: The Self-Incrimination Clause"
Fifth Amendment First Principles: The Self-Incrimination Clause, Akhil Reed Amar, Renée B. Lettow
Fifth Amendment First Principles: The Self-Incrimination Clause, Akhil Reed Amar, Renée B. Lettow
Michigan Law Review
In Part I of this article, we examine the global puzzle of the Self-Incrimination Clause and the local confusion or perversion lurking behind virtually every key word and phrase in the clause as now construed. In Part II we elaborate our reading of the clause and show how it clears up the local problems and solves the overall puzzle.
Reply, William J. Stuntz
Reply, William J. Stuntz
Michigan Law Review
A Reply to Louis Michael Seidman's Response
The Dormant Commerce Clause And State-Mandated Preference Laws In Public Contracting: Developing A More Substantive Application Of The Market-Participant Exception, Benjamin C. Bair
Michigan Law Review
This Note argues that the current focus on the relationship between states and their local governments as the key determinant of the constitutional validity of state-mandated preference laws is flawed. Instead, a court considering the validity of a state-mandated preference law should uphold such a law only if it distributes the benefits of state expenditures to state residents and does not excessively burden interstate commerce.