Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Publication
Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Law
Freeze-Outs: Transcontinental Analysis And Reform Proposals, Marco Ventoruzzo
Freeze-Outs: Transcontinental Analysis And Reform Proposals, Marco Ventoruzzo
Journal Articles
One of the most crucial, but systematically neglected, comparative differences between corporate law systems in Europe and in the United States concerns the regulations governing freeze-out transactions in listed corporations. Freeze-outs can be defined as transactions in which the controlling shareholder exercises a legal right to buy out the shares of the minority, and consequently delists the corporation and brings it private. Beyond this essential definition, the systems diverge profoundly. This gap exists despite the fact that minority freeze-outs are one of the most debated issues in corporate law, in the public media, in a vast body of scholarly work …
Freeze-Outs: Transcontinental Analysis And Reform Proposals, Marco Ventoruzzo
Freeze-Outs: Transcontinental Analysis And Reform Proposals, Marco Ventoruzzo
Journal Articles
One of the most crucial, but systematically neglected, comparative differences between corporate law systems in Europe and in the United States concerns the regulations governing freeze-out transactions in listed corporations. Freeze-outs can be defined as transactions in which the controlling shareholder exercises a legal right to buy out the shares of the minority, and consequently delists the corporation and brings it private. Beyond this essential definition, the systems diverge profoundly.
This gap exists despite the fact that minority freeze-outs are one of the most debated issues in corporate law, in the public media, in a vast body of scholarly work …
A Fair Price And A Fair Deal: On The Future Of 'Entire Fairness' In Freezeouts, Faith Stevelman
A Fair Price And A Fair Deal: On The Future Of 'Entire Fairness' In Freezeouts, Faith Stevelman
Articles & Chapters
Controlling shareholders can compel the sale of minorities’ shares in freezeouts, potentially to their financial detriment. To limit controllers’ opportunism and support the value of minorities’ investments, the Delaware supreme court has endorsed strong minority shareholder protections under the rubric of 'Entire Fairness' – the governing standard for cash-out mergers. However, the court of chancery has refused to apply Entire Fairness to tender offer freezeouts, and is advocating unifying freezeout doctrine around a looser, deferential standard of review. The influence of popular and Congressional concern over excess plaintiff lawyers’ fees and discovery costs is likely making itself felt, although the …
Going Private At The Intersection Of The Market And The Law, Faith Stevelman
Going Private At The Intersection Of The Market And The Law, Faith Stevelman
Articles & Chapters
Delaware's fiduciary doctrine governing going private transactions by controlling stockholders is presently in disarray. Controllers generally select between single step cash-out mergers and tender offers followed by short-form mergers to do these freezeouts, and they are subject to very different equitable standards depending on the format selected. Further disarray arises because the courts' longstanding commitment to strict scrutiny in freezeouts is in tension with the popular disfavor towards private class-action litigation. This disarray threatens minority investors' interests in freezeouts, and capital market values more broadly. First, the disparities in freezeout doctrine have encouraged controllers to arbitrage the legal standards for …