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Articles 1 - 22 of 22
Full-Text Articles in Other Engineering
Drivers’ Hazard Avoidance During Vehicle Automation: Impact Of Mental Models And Implications For Training, Ganesh Pai Mangalore
Drivers’ Hazard Avoidance During Vehicle Automation: Impact Of Mental Models And Implications For Training, Ganesh Pai Mangalore
Doctoral Dissertations
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are vehicle automation systems that have become more accessible and prevalent in vehicles in recent years. But the introduction of such technologies introduces new human factors challenges. Past literature suggests that users of vehicle automation lack the necessary and appropriate knowledge about their automation system. This may play a negative role in their hazard avoidance abilities when driving with automation features. Improving mental models and knowledge could generally lead to safer interactions with vehicle automation systems, but any effort to develop hazard avoidance skills when driving with vehicle automation is impeded by the lack of …
Improving Young Driver Perceptions Of Vulnerable Road Users Through A Persuasive Intervention, Shashank Mehrotra
Improving Young Driver Perceptions Of Vulnerable Road Users Through A Persuasive Intervention, Shashank Mehrotra
Doctoral Dissertations
Vulnerable road users (VRUs), including bicyclists, pedestrians, and road users of other modalities, are at a higher risk of collision with young drivers when a complex traffic situation presents itself. Past research has established the importance of young drivers’ perceptions about VRUs that would encourage safe behavior. This research designed and evaluated a novel persuasive intervention that can help improve the perceptions of young drivers while they interact with VRUs. The study identified young drivers’ perceptions towards VRUs who have been licensed in the past 12 to 18 months through structured interviews. Based on these findings, an interactive intervention was …
Comparing And Improving The Design Of Physical Activity Data Visualizations, Peter M. Frackleton
Comparing And Improving The Design Of Physical Activity Data Visualizations, Peter M. Frackleton
Masters Theses
Heart disease is a leading cause of death in the United States, and older adults are at highest risk of being diagnosed with heart disease. Consistent physical exercise is an effective means of deterring onset of heart disease, and physical activity tracking devices can inspire greater activity in older adults. However, physical activity tracking device abandonment is quite common due to limitations on what can be learned from the activity data that is collected. Better data visualization of physical data presents an opportunity to surpass these limitations. In this thesis, a task-based human subject study was performed with three different …
Single-Layered Organic Photovoltaics With Double Cascading Charge Transport Pathways: 18% Efficiencies, Ming Zhang, Lei Zhu, Guanqing Zhou, Tianyu Hao, Chaoqun Qiu, Zhe Zhao, Qin Hu, Bryon W. Larson, Haiming Zhu, Thomas P. Russell
Single-Layered Organic Photovoltaics With Double Cascading Charge Transport Pathways: 18% Efficiencies, Ming Zhang, Lei Zhu, Guanqing Zhou, Tianyu Hao, Chaoqun Qiu, Zhe Zhao, Qin Hu, Bryon W. Larson, Haiming Zhu, Thomas P. Russell
Polymer Science and Engineering Department Faculty Publication Series
The chemical structure of donors and acceptors limit the power conversion efficiencies achievable with active layers of binary donor-acceptor mixtures. Here, using quaternary blends, double cascading energy level alignment in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic active layers are realized, enabling efficient carrier splitting and transport. Numerous avenues to optimize light absorption, carrier transport, and charge-transfer state energy levels are opened by the chemical constitution of the components. Record-breaking PCEs of 18.07% are achieved where, by electronic structure and morphology optimization, simultaneous improvements of the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and fill factor occur. The donor and acceptor chemical structures afford control over …
The Effect Of Comb Architecture On Complex Coacervation, Brandon M. Johnston, Cameron W. Johnston, Rachel A. Letteri, Tyler K. Lytle, Charles E. Sing, Todd Emrick, Sarah L. Perry
The Effect Of Comb Architecture On Complex Coacervation, Brandon M. Johnston, Cameron W. Johnston, Rachel A. Letteri, Tyler K. Lytle, Charles E. Sing, Todd Emrick, Sarah L. Perry
Chemical Engineering Faculty Publication Series
Complex coacervation is a widely utilized technique for effecting phase separation, though predictive understanding of molecular-level details remains underdeveloped. Here, we couple coarse-grained Monte Carlo simulations with experimental efforts using a polypeptide-based model system to investigate how a comb-like architecture affects complex coacervation and coacervate stability. Specifically, the phase separation behavior of linear polycation-linear polyanion pairs was compared to that of comb polycation-linear polyanion and comb polycation-comb polyanion pairs. The comb architecture was found to mitigate cooperative interactions between oppositely charged polymers, as no discernible phase separation was observed for comb-comb pairs and complex coacervation of linear-linear pairs yielded stable …
Scaling Reversible Adhesion In Synthetic And Biological Systems, Michael David Bartlett
Scaling Reversible Adhesion In Synthetic And Biological Systems, Michael David Bartlett
Open Access Dissertations
Geckos and other insects have fascinated scientists and casual observers with their ability to effortlessly climb up walls and across ceilings. This capability has inspired high capacity, easy release synthetic adhesives, which have focused on mimicking the fibrillar features found on the foot pads of these climbing organisms. However, without a fundamental framework that connects biological and synthetic adhesives from nanoscopic to macroscopic features, synthetic mimics have failed to perform favorably at large contact areas. In this thesis, we present a scaling approach which leads to an understanding of reversible adhesion in both synthetic and biological systems over multiple length …
Multi Rotor Wind Turbine Design And Cost Scaling, Preeti Verma
Multi Rotor Wind Turbine Design And Cost Scaling, Preeti Verma
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
The current generation wind turbines are upscaled into multi megawatt range in terms of output power. However, the energy benefit from the turbine is offset by the increased mass and cost. Twenty MW wind turbines are now feasible with rotor diameters up to 200 m, according to a new report from the EU-funded UpWind project in 2011. The question is, how much bigger can wind turbines get realistically? One concept worth considering, and the one that is the subject of this thesis, is to have more than one rotor on a single support structure. Such turbines could have a greater …
Halogen-Free Ultra-High Flame Retardant Polymers Through Enzyme Catalysis, Sethumadhavan Ravichandran, Subhalakshmi Nagarajan, Bon Choel Ku, Bryan Coughlin, Todd S. Emrick, Jayant Kumar, Ramaswamy Nagarajan
Halogen-Free Ultra-High Flame Retardant Polymers Through Enzyme Catalysis, Sethumadhavan Ravichandran, Subhalakshmi Nagarajan, Bon Choel Ku, Bryan Coughlin, Todd S. Emrick, Jayant Kumar, Ramaswamy Nagarajan
Todd S. Emrick
Over the past few years, the use of certain types of halogenated flame retardant additives such as decabromodiphenylether has come under intense scrutiny due to their toxicity, environmental persistence and bio-accumulation. There is an immediate need for the development of non-toxic alternative flame retardant materials and fire resistant polymers with comparable or better efficacies, obtained using benign synthetic approaches. Enzymatic polymerization is being used increasingly as an environmentally friendly alternative method for the synthesis of functional materials including polymers and additives. Here, we report a biocatalytic synthesis of a new class of thermally stable, ultra-fire resistant polyphenols based on deoxybenzoins. …
Multicompartment And Multigeometry Nanoparticle Assembly, Darrin J. Pochan, Jiahua Zhu, Ke Zhang, Karen L. Wooley, Caroline Miesch, Todd S. Emrick
Multicompartment And Multigeometry Nanoparticle Assembly, Darrin J. Pochan, Jiahua Zhu, Ke Zhang, Karen L. Wooley, Caroline Miesch, Todd S. Emrick
Todd S. Emrick
The directed or dynamic assembly of molecular components in solution is a simple and effective strategy to confine materials in desired geometries and length scales. We use a kinetic control strategy with block copolymer blending to construct complex nanoparticles through the demixing of unlike block copolymers within the same nanoscale particle. Successful nanoparticle construction relies on kinetic trapping of unlike block copolymers into the same nanoparticle with solution processing. Not only can we make nanoparticles with multiple internal compartments of a desired size, but we can also make nanoparticles of hybrid geometries (e.g. a blend of cylindrical and spherical geometries). …
Pegylated Polymers For Medicine: From Conjugation To Self-Assembled Systems, Maisie J. Joralemon, Samantha Mcrae, Todd S. Emrick
Pegylated Polymers For Medicine: From Conjugation To Self-Assembled Systems, Maisie J. Joralemon, Samantha Mcrae, Todd S. Emrick
Todd S. Emrick
Synthetic polymers have transformed society in many areas of science and technology, including recent breakthroughs in medicine. Synthetic polymers now offer unique and versatile platforms for drug delivery, as they can be “bio-tailored” for applications as implants, medical devices, and injectable polymer-drug conjugates. However, while several currently used therapeutic proteins and small molecule drugs have benefited from synthetic polymers, the full potential of polymer-based drug delivery platforms has not yet been realized. This review examines both general advantages and specific cases of synthetic polymers in drug delivery, focusing on PEGylation in the context of polymer architecture, self-assembly, and conjugation techniques …
Connecting Quantum Dots And Bionanoparticles In Hybrid Nanoscale Ultra-Thin Films, Ravisubhash Tangirala, Yunxia Hu, Maisie Joralemon, Qingling Zhang, Jinbo He, Thomas P. Russell, Todd S. Emrick
Connecting Quantum Dots And Bionanoparticles In Hybrid Nanoscale Ultra-Thin Films, Ravisubhash Tangirala, Yunxia Hu, Maisie Joralemon, Qingling Zhang, Jinbo He, Thomas P. Russell, Todd S. Emrick
Todd S. Emrick
Ligand-functionalized CdSe quantum dots and nanorods, and horse spleen ferritin bionanoparticles, were co-assembled at an oil-water interface, then used in polymerization at the interface, effectively cross-linking the assembled mixtures of nanoparticles into robust structures. Both ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), and imine formation, proved suitable for preparation of the desired ultra-thin films in the form of capsules and sheets. The nanoparticle-based films prepared by ROMP exhibit chemical stability, while those prepared by aldehyde-amine coupling could be disrupted by addition of acid. Characterization of these hybrid nanoparticle-based materials, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence confocal microscopy, confirmed the presence of both …
Analytical Modeling Of Tree Vibration Generated During Cutting Process, Payman Karvanirabori
Analytical Modeling Of Tree Vibration Generated During Cutting Process, Payman Karvanirabori
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
There are several ways to cut down a tree. The piece by piece cutting method is studied in this research. By modeling the cutting process into simple dynamic models and obtaining governing equations of motion of tree and cut piece in each model, the forces during cutting process were calculated. The method was then applied to a set of real data and tree vibrations were compared with field measurements. The study is very rare in the case of the variety of the topics it covers from dynamics and mechanics to finite element modeling of a biological system.
Polyester-Graft-Phosphorylcholine Prepared By Ring-Opening Polymerization And Click Chemistry, Beth M. Cooper, Delphine Chan-Seng, Debasis Samanta, Xiongfei Zhang, Sangram Parelkar, Todd S. Emrick
Polyester-Graft-Phosphorylcholine Prepared By Ring-Opening Polymerization And Click Chemistry, Beth M. Cooper, Delphine Chan-Seng, Debasis Samanta, Xiongfei Zhang, Sangram Parelkar, Todd S. Emrick
Todd S. Emrick
Phosphorylcholine (PC)-substitution on aliphatic polyesters is accomplished by click chemistry with PC-substituted azides.
Pegylated Silicon Nanoparticles: Synthesis And Characterization, P. K. Sudeep, Zachariah Page, Todd S. Emrick
Pegylated Silicon Nanoparticles: Synthesis And Characterization, P. K. Sudeep, Zachariah Page, Todd S. Emrick
Todd S. Emrick
Silicon nanoparticles were prepared and functionalized with alkene-terminated poly(ethylene oxide) to impart amphiphilic solution properties to the particles.
Self-Assembly Of Nanoparticles At Interfaces, Alexander Böker, Jinbo He, Thomas P. Russell, Todd S. Emrick
Self-Assembly Of Nanoparticles At Interfaces, Alexander Böker, Jinbo He, Thomas P. Russell, Todd S. Emrick
Todd S. Emrick
Developments in the assembly of nanoparticles at liquid–liquid interfaces are reviewed where the assemblies can be controlled by tuning the size of the nanoparticles and the chemical characteristics of the ligands. Both synthetic and biological nanoparticles are discussed. By controlling the type of ligands, uniform and Janus-type nanoparticles can be produced where, at liquid–liquid interfaces, subsequent reactions of the ligands can be used to generate crosslinked sheets of nanoparticles at the interface that have applications including novel encapsulants, filtration devices with well-defined porosities, and controlled release materials. By controlling the size and volume fraction of the nanoparticles and the chemical …
Quantum Dots Coordinated With Conjugated Organic Ligands: New Nanomaterials With Novel Photophysics, Nathan L. Hammer, Todd S. Emrick, Michael D. Barnes
Quantum Dots Coordinated With Conjugated Organic Ligands: New Nanomaterials With Novel Photophysics, Nathan L. Hammer, Todd S. Emrick, Michael D. Barnes
Todd S. Emrick
CdSe quantum dots functionalized with oligo-(phenylene vinylene) (OPV) ligands (CdSe-OPV nanostructures) represent a new class of composite nanomaterials with significantly modified photophysics relative to bulk blends or isolated components. Singlemolecule spectroscopy on these species have revealed novel photophysics such as enhanced energy transfer, spectral stability, and strongly modified excited state lifetimes and blinking statistics. Here, we review the role of ligands in quantum dot applications and summarize some of our recent efforts probing energy and charge transfer in hybrid CdSe-OPV composite nanostructures
Study And Characterization Of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Head-To-Tail Assembly Assisted By Aniline Polymerization, Zhongwei Niu, Michael Bruckman, Venkata S. Kotakadi, Jinbo He, Todd S. Emrick, Thomas P. Russell, Lin Yang, Qian Wang
Study And Characterization Of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Head-To-Tail Assembly Assisted By Aniline Polymerization, Zhongwei Niu, Michael Bruckman, Venkata S. Kotakadi, Jinbo He, Todd S. Emrick, Thomas P. Russell, Lin Yang, Qian Wang
Todd S. Emrick
One-dimensional composite nanofibres with narrow dispersity, high aspect ratio and high processibility have been fabricated by head-to-tail self-assembly of rod-like tobacco mosaic virus assisted by aniline polymerization, which can promote many potential applications including electronics, optics, sensing and biomedical engineering.
Stabilization Of Α-Chymotrypsin At Air–Water Interface Through Surface Binding To Gold Nanoparticle Scaffolds, Brian J. Jordan, Rui Hong, Basar Gider, Jason Hill, Todd S. Emrick, Vincent M. Rotello
Stabilization Of Α-Chymotrypsin At Air–Water Interface Through Surface Binding To Gold Nanoparticle Scaffolds, Brian J. Jordan, Rui Hong, Basar Gider, Jason Hill, Todd S. Emrick, Vincent M. Rotello
Todd S. Emrick
Gold nanoparticles stabilize chymotrypsin (ChT) against denaturation at the air–water interface through catenation and preferential localization of the nanoparticles at the air–water interface with concomitant decrease in interfacial energy.
In Situ Observation Of Place Exchange Reactions Of Gold Nanoparticles. Correlation Of Monolayer Structure And Stability, Rui Hong, Joseph M. Fernández, Hiroshi Nakade, Rochelle Arvizo, Todd S. Emrick, Vincent M. Rotello
In Situ Observation Of Place Exchange Reactions Of Gold Nanoparticles. Correlation Of Monolayer Structure And Stability, Rui Hong, Joseph M. Fernández, Hiroshi Nakade, Rochelle Arvizo, Todd S. Emrick, Vincent M. Rotello
Todd S. Emrick
Place exchange reactions were studied using dye displacement: subtle changes in ligand structure greatly affected both the rate of displacement and the stability of the monolayer.
Mixed Monolayer Coverage On Gold Nanoparticles For Interfacial Stabilization Of Immiscible Fluids, Elizabeth Glogowski, Jinbo He, Thomas P. Russell, Todd S. Emrick
Mixed Monolayer Coverage On Gold Nanoparticles For Interfacial Stabilization Of Immiscible Fluids, Elizabeth Glogowski, Jinbo He, Thomas P. Russell, Todd S. Emrick
Todd S. Emrick
Gold nanoparticles covered with a mixed monolayer of n-dodecanethiol and 11-mercapto-1-undecanol were prepared and found to mediate the oil–water interface, providing access to stable water droplets in oil.
The Use Of 4-Substituted Pyridines To Afford Amphiphilic, Pegylated Cadmium Selenide Nanoparticles, Habib Skaff, Todd S. Emrick
The Use Of 4-Substituted Pyridines To Afford Amphiphilic, Pegylated Cadmium Selenide Nanoparticles, Habib Skaff, Todd S. Emrick
Todd S. Emrick
Amphiphilic cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanoparticles were prepared by surface functionalization with novel ligands 1 and 2, composed of pyridine moieties substituted in the 4-position with polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains.
Hyperbranched Porphyrins—A Rapid Synthetic Approach To Multiporphyrin Macromolecules, Stefan Hecht, Todd S. Emrick, Jean M. J. Fréchet
Hyperbranched Porphyrins—A Rapid Synthetic Approach To Multiporphyrin Macromolecules, Stefan Hecht, Todd S. Emrick, Jean M. J. Fréchet
Todd S. Emrick
A new class of porphyrin containing hyperbranched polymers has been prepared via proton-transfer polymerisation utilising an A2 + B3 approach, thus providing an accelerated entry into the construction of branched multiporphyrin architectures.