Other Engineering Commons^™

Incentivizing Electric Vehicle Adoption Through State And Federal Policies: Reviewing Influential Policies, Joshua Sabata, Subhaditya Shom, Ahmad Almaghrebi, Anne Mccollister, Mahmoud Alahmad

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

All-electric vehicles (EVs), battery-powered EVs (BEVs), and plug-in hybrid EVs (PHEVS) are gaining market share and increasing in popularity with the buying public because the battery range (longer) and cost (lower) have reached sweet spots, the charging infrastructure is more robust, and concern with global cli­mate change is high. In 2013, only 100,000 EVs were sold in the United States, but by 2022, approximately 800,000 have been purchased. A similar growth is seen in EV sup­ply equipment (EVSE), i.e., EV charging stations, with 19,742 documented EV charging station locations in the United States in 2013 to 50,054 documented EV charging …

Maritime Robotics And Autonomous Systems Operations: Exploring Pathways For Overcoming International Techno-Regulatory Data Barriers, Tafsir Martin Johansson, Dimitrios Dalaklis, Aspasia Pastra

Articles

The current regulatory landscape that applies to maritime service robotics, aptly termed as robotics and autonomous systems (RAS), is quite complex. When it comes to patents, there are multifarious considerations in relation to vessel survey, inspection, and maintenance processes under national and international law. Adherence is challenging, given that the traditional delivery methods are viewed as unsafe, strenuous, and laborious. Service robotics, namely micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) or drones, magnetic-wheeled crawlers (crawlers), and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), function by relying on the architecture of the Internet of Robotic Things. The aforementioned are being introduced as time-saving apparatuses, accompanied by the …

Examining Accident Reports Involving Autonomous Vehicles In California, Francesca Favaro, Nazanin Nader, Sky Eurich, Michelle Tripp, Naresh Varadaraju

Faculty Publications

Autonomous Vehicle technology is quickly expanding its market and has found in Silicon Valley, California, a strong foothold for preliminary testing on public roads. In an effort to promote safety and transparency to consumers, the California Department of Motor Vehicles has mandated that reports of accidents involving autonomous vehicles be drafted and made available to the public. The present work shows an in-depth analysis of the accident reports filed by different manufacturers that are testing autonomous vehicles in California (testing data from September 2014 to March 2017). The data provides important information on autonomous vehicles accidents’ dynamics, related to the …

A Simple Method For Estimation Of Queue Length, S. P. Anusha, Lelitha Devi Vanajakshi, Anuj Sharma

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

Urban arterials are characterized by frequent intersections. Queue length and delay are the two primary measures of performance of intersection. These measures play a primary role in determining the arterial performance. This article presents a methodology to determine the number of vehicles in queue at a signalized intersection for under saturated traffic conditions. The results obtained were validated using actual values that are manually extracted. The root-mean-square error is of the range 1.3 vehicles for estimation of number of vehicles in queue. The various aspects that have to be considered in accurate estimation of performance measures are also discussed.

Pstat: Promoting Sustainable Transportation Among Teens, Jordan Bryner, Yi Ying Chin, Candice Patton, Rebekah Patton, Christopher Stanfill, Rick Wheeler, Jeffrey Keith Clark Ii, Paul Frymier, Chris Cherry, David Irick, Leon Tolbert

Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering

Can an innovative, team-based, hands-on design and construction project involving high school students change their attitudes and personal preferences for transportation to favor lower impact modes? This was the main question PSTAT (Promoting Sustainable Transportation Among Teens) sought to answer. Since the last decade, global climate change has fuelled increased development of alternative transportation modes that have lesser impact on the environment. However, society is not embracing the change with open arms. Therefore, there is a critical need for a paradigm shift, which could be especially timely for teen-aged students starting to adopt their own personal transportation preferences. By exposing …

Oil Industry, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Provides an overview of the historical and contemporary development of the American oil industry and how it has impacted U.S. natural resources policies in the American west.

Fm 34-54, Technical Intelligence, 30 January 1998, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This manual defines and describes the technical intelligence mission. It names the key technical intelligence organizations involved at the national level and their interrelationships and responsibilities.

The manual describes in detail the technical intelligence organizations and operations in a US command in the field. It discusses at length the responsibilities on the key staff sections in the command.

It has extensive appendices explaining forms and procedures used by forces in the field. It has an excellent list of acronyms and glossary.

Comment by the depositor

A clear understanding of the evolution of technical intelligence may not be needed by the …

Brief History Of Afmic (Total Manpower), Robert Bolin , Depositor, Jonathan Clemente

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

Brief History of AFMIC (Total Manpower) from WWI/ (33) to 1992 (82)

U.S. Army Medical Intelligence Office Under SG

DLA Assumes GMI Medical Intelligence Mission

Army SG Continues to Perfonn Medical S&TI

DLA has RIF: Medical Intelligence Division Abolished

Army SG Assumes Entire Medical Intelligence Mission

USAMIIA Fonned (Located at ForrestaJ Buildng)

USAMIIA Move to Fort Detrick (Building 862)

Congress Eliminates All Funding for USAMIlA

DIAlGDIP Program Manager Appeals

Congress Allows Re-establishment of USAMIlA

- Must be Tri-Service

- Must be an Intelligence Activity

Tri-Service AFMIC Established

Anny (DCSINT and SG) Executive Agent

New Building on Fort Detrick

First Non-Army …

Fm 34-54, Battlefield Technical Intelligence, April 1990, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This manual contains a theoretical description of technical intelligence within US forces in the field. It contains a brief historical sketch of the evolution of technical intelligence and a description of national intelligence organizations and an explanation of the relationships between them.

It explains technical intelligence organization, operations, and responsibilities within a US command in the field. It contains extensive examples of documents and forms used in technical intelligence operations, a detailed foreign language recognition guide, an extensive list of abbreviations, and a detailed glossary.

Us Army Foreign Science And Technology Center [A Brochure], Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

The Foreign Science and Technology Center (FSTC) was a special-purpose intelligence production organization concerned with weapons and equipment of foreign ground forces.

This document is a lengthy, polished brochure giving a general overview of FSTC apparently intended for recruitment purposes. It outlines the mission and function of FSTC and of its subdivisions and gives a thumb-nail sketch of the history of the organization.

Although it is undated, information in the text indicates that it was probably published around 1990.

Fm 8-10-8, Medical Intelligence In A Theater Of Operations, July 1989, Us Army, Academy Of Health Sciences, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This manual explains the importance of medical intelligence in planning and execution of military operations. It describes the responsibilities of medical and intelligence staffs and personnel at each echelon especially within a US military command in the field. It explains the role and functions of the Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center which provides “medical scientific and technical intelligence and general medical intelligence” for the US Armed Forces.

The manual explains procedures used to report intelligence information and to request intelligence reports as well as the forms used for those purposes.

The references anticipated the publication of an overdue updated to …

Dod6420.1-R, Organization And Functions Of The Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center (Afmic), April 1986, U.S. Department Of Defense, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This is the charter for a national-level medical intelligence agency. Specifically, the AFMC was a joint agency of the Military Departments … under the management of the Secretary of the Army…” This directive spells out the mission, functions, responsibilities, and management of the center. An Interdepartmental Advisory Panel (IAP) made recommendations to the Secretary of the Army concerning the director and officers serving at the AFMIC.

The directive contains a lengthy list of acronyms and detailed definitions.

The directive discusses close cooperation with Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia through a Quadripartite Medical Intelligence Committee (QMIC) headquartered in Washington, DC. …

Us Army Missile Intelligence Agency, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This is a recruitment brochure for the Missile Intelligence Agency (MIA) providing a thumb-nail history and description of the organization. The brochure was sent to Robert Bolin in 1985 by MIA.

MISSION • TO PROVIDE WORLDWIDE, SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INTELLIGENCE (S&T) TO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS GENERATED THROUGH THE DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY AND THE OFFICE OF THE ARMY ASSISTANT CHIEF OF STAFF FOR INTELLIGENCE. • TO DEVELOP AND DISSEMINATE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE CONCERNING GUIDED MISSILE SYSTEMS IN RESPONSE TO INTELLIGENCE PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS. • TO ASSESS THE S&T THREAT TO THE UNITED STATES. • TO ENHANCE WEAPONS DEVELOPMENT.

Us Army Missile Command Regulation 10-1, Chapter 29, Missile Intelligence Agency, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

The Army Missile Command was the successor to the Army Ballistic Missile Agency at Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, AL. The Army Ballistic Missile Agency was an organization that developed missiles for the Army and launched the first United States satellite, Explorer 1, on 31 January 1958. It was staffed, in part with Wernher von Braun and his team of scientists and engineers from Germany.

Missile Intelligence Agency was a special-purpose intelligence production organization concerned with missiles and related technology used or being developed by foreign armed forces.

In the Army system, a regulation numbered 10-1 often describes the organization and …

Etl-0254, Terrain Analysis Procedural Guide For Soil, February 1981, Janet S. Wright, Theodore C. Vogel, Alexander R. Pearson, Jeffrey A. Messmore, Us Army Corps Of Engineers, Engineer Topographic Laboratories, Ft. Belvoir, Virginia, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This report is one in a series of terrain analysis procedural guides being developed in support of the Topographic Support System (TSS). It was written specifically for a U.S. Army terrain analyst and presents the step-by- step methods needed for extraction, reducing, and recording soil information on a factor overlay and supporting data table. It is a contribution to the Department of Defense terrain intelligence effort.

The report contains a detailed bibliography and a lengthy glossary.

Ar 10-50, Organization And Functions, United States Army Medical Intelligence And Information Agency, 15 December 1980., Us Army, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

The purpose of the regulation is described as setting “… forth the mission and functions of the Director, US Army Medical Intelligence and Information Agency (USMIIA)…”

The mission of the USMIIA…”is to produce timely medical intelligence support to the following:

• Offices of The Surgeons General, major commands, and staffs of the Army, Navy, and Air Force.
• DOD [Department of Defense] and national level intelligence production agencies.
• Other Government agencies as required.

[and] Administer and coordinate the medical aspects of the Army Foreign Materiel Exploitation Program. “ This regulation states more clearly than the 1975 edition, that the USMIIA provided medical …

“Statistical Division” A Section From A History Of The Board Of Engineers For Rivers And Harbors, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

The “Foreign Ports Branch” of the Statistical Division of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors (BERH) was one of a number of small technical intelligence organizations within the Army Corps of Engineeers. The BERH was an agency within the Corps of Engineers performing civil functions concerning water resources functions. Its history and functions are described ably in this history.

The Foreign Ports Branch was established in August 1942 to prepare reports on foreign ports for use by the US Armed Forces. The BEHR was given this function because its personnel had long experience in preparing similar reports on …

Glossary Of Intelligence Terms, W. S. Liptak Cmdr, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This glossary was scanned by Dr. Jonathan Clemente, an intelligence researcher, and shared with Professor Bolin.

This glossary was prepared by Commander W. S. Liptak apparently in support of a “Seminar on Reconnaissance and Technical Information Collection (SORTIC)” taught at the Defense Intelligence College.

This document consists of:

• An introduction concerning “Methodology”
• Glossary of Intelligence Terms and Definition
• Appendix A: Acronyms and Abbreviations
• Appendix B: Alternate Definitions
• Appendix C: Index of Other Intelligence Glossaries

Note:

The date given above is based on the dates of the glossaries listed in Appendix C.

Official Phone Directory, Us Army Foreign Science And Technology Center, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This directory contains instructions for using various telephone systems and calling long distance, a thorough organizational listing, a quick reference guide, an alphabetic list of employees, and a world time conversion chart. The organizational listing gives the lists each division and the branches within it and the heads of the divisions and branches with their phone numbers. The list of employees includes the person’s name, his or her office extension and home phone number, office symbol, and room number. If the person listed was not located in Charlottesville, the alphabetic list tells where they were.

Us Army Foreign Science And Technology Center, Unit History, Fy 1963-Fy 77 (Unredacted), Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This document is a basic organizational history of the Foreign Science and Technology Center (FSTC). It describes how FSTC was built out of various Army technical intelligence organizations; traces its relocations eventually culminating in settling into a federal building in Charlottesville, VA; and traces its various reorganizations and changes in staffing.

Appendix A contains a detailed discussion of FSTC Table of Distribution and Allowances (TDAs) changes over the years. That analysis shows how administrative problems were handled and how the focus of the organization had changed over the years. It also contains organizational charts corresponding to new TDAs, and tables …

Darcom Regulation 10-5, Organization And Functions, Us Army Foreign Science And Technology Center, 13 July 1976, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This is an official document outlining the mission and functions of the Army Foreign Science and Technology Center.

(1) This regulation was included in the Foreign Science the Technology (FSTC) “Unit History, FY 63 to FY 77” dated 1977.

(2) The regulation superceded Army Material Command Regulation 10-5, 11 February 1972.

(3) For a while the Army Materiel Command (AMC) was known as Department of Army Materiel Development & Readiness Command (DARCOM). This was, apparently, a case of changing our name to serve you better. Eventually good sense prevailed and the name reverted to the Army Materiel Command (AMC).

(4) …

Ar 10-50, Organization And Functions, United States Army Medical Intelligence And Information Agency, 16 July 1975., Headquarters, Department Of The Army, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

The purpose of the regulation is described as setting “… forth the mission and principle functions of the United States Medical Intelligence and Information Agency, a Field Operating Agency of the Office of The Surgeon General…”[US Army]. In other words, the MIIA is a special purpose organization reporting to The Surgeon General, chief of the Army Medical Department and senior medical staff officer in the US Department of the Army.

The mission of the MIIA…”is to produce medical scientific and technical intelligence (S&TI) and general medical intelligence (GMI) studies required by the Department of Defense; to provide timely medical intelligence …

Offical Phone Directory, Us Army Foreign Science And Technology Center, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This directory contains an organizational chart of FSTC, instructions for using various telephone systems and calling long distance, a quick reference guide, an alphabetic list of employees, and a world time zone chart. The list of employees includes the person’s name, his or her spouse’s name, office phone number, office symbol, room number, and home address.

Chronology Of Army Medical Intelligence, 1941-1973, Robert Bolin , Depositor, Jonathan Clemente

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This “Chronology of Medical Intelligence” lists the chiefs of the Army medical intelligence effort and the designations of the medical intelligence organization.

Interestingly, the first heads of the effort Captain Tom F. Whayne, MC, USA, and LTC Gaylord W. Anderson, MC, AUS, participated in the preparation of the official history of Medical Intelligence during World War II. SEE: Gaylord Anderson, MD, "Medical Intelligence" IN: Preventive Medicine in World War II. Vol IV, Special Fields, ed. COL Robert S. Anderson, MC, USA and Ebbe Curtis Hoff, PhD, MD (Washington DC, Department of the Army, 1969).

Dr. Arthur Turner, a civilian, was …

Fm 30-16, Technical Intelligence, 1972, Robert L. Bolin

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This manual reflects the lessons learned about technical intelligence during World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. The manual explains the theory of Army technical intelligence and describes strategic technical intelligence organizations in the United States.

Much of the manual explains technical intelligence activities of US forces in the field. It explains technical intelligence planning and collection activities. The need to label and handle captured equipment properly is stressed.

Appendices list references and technical intelligence categories, provide a sample technical intelligence plan, and explain handling and reporting of captured materiel and the standard nomenclature system for identifying Soviet bloc weapons and …

Field Manual Fm 30-10, Military Geographic Intelligence (Terrain), March 1972, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This is a lengthy, detailed manual concerning geographic intelligence. It contains definitions of geographic intelligence and explains the uses of geographic intelligence and responsibilities for it. It contains numerous photographs and graphics.

The manual contains detailed discussions of terrain, natural conditions, and cultural features as well as specialized features like infrastructure, communications, transportation, and industrial facilities. It contains chapters on:

• Climate and Weather
• Natural Terrain
• Tactical Consideration
• Transportation
• Telecommunications
• Urban Areas
• Rural Areas and Resources
• Recognition of Industrial Facilities, and
• Terrain Studies

Enclosed with the manual is a large sheet containing 12 page-size maps concerning geography-related topics. The sheet is …

Missile Intelligence Agency, Us Army Missile Command, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

Historical Data Cards were used to record the organizational history of units within the Army. This card was provided to Robert Bolin by the US Army Institute of Heraldry in 1985.

The Missile Intelligence Agency (MIA) was organized on 1 December 1967 as the Missile Intelligence Directorate of the US Army Missile Command in Huntsville, AL. On 14 August 1970, the Missile Intelligence Directory was redesignated the Missile Intelligence Agency, a special purpose-military organization assigned to the US Army Materiel Command.

Many of the entries on the card were made when a new Table of Distribution and Allowances (TDA) were …

Field Manual Fm 55-8, Transportation Intelligence, 12 March 1970, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

Obviously, reliable information about potential enemy transportation equipment, facilities, systems, capabilities is vital, since our forces may need to prevent an enemy from using them and we may need to use them. Transportation or mobility intelligence is such reliable information. This is a very thorough document describing the collection, production, and dissemination of transportation intelligence. The emphasis of this manual is collection of relevant information in the field.

The manual describes organizations and personnel in the army responsible for collecting transportation related information. It identifies the national-level military intelligence production agencies as:

(a) The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) which was …

Fm 30-16, Technical Intelligence, 28 February 1969., Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This manual defines technical intelligence and explains the technical intelligence process. It briefly discusses the top level Army technical intelligence production organizations, which at that time were Foreign Science and Technology Center, the Missile Intelligence Directorate of the US Army Missile Command, and the Medical Intelligence Office of the Office of the Surgeon General of the Army.

It explains the technical intelligence activities and planning in US Forces in the field.

Considerable attention is given to explaining the proper procedures for recovery and evacuation of foreign equipment and documents.

The appendices contain an extensive list of references, the categories of …

Hq Amc Go 5, Missile Intelligence Directorate, Us Army Missile Command, Huntsville, Alabama, 19 January 1968., Headquarters Us Army Materiel Command, Robert Bolin , Depositor

Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This order established the Missile Intelligence Directorate (MID) as an intelligence agency assigned to the US Army Missile Command to “… develop, maintain, and disseminate foreign scientific and technical intelligence concerning ground forces, surface-to-surface, surface-to-air, and anti-ballistic missile systems in response to valid Department of Defense, Department of the Army, and Army Materiel Command production requirements.”

This order established the second intelligence production organization within the Army Materiel Command. The first being the US Army Foreign Science and Technology Center.