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Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering Commons™
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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering
Wear Characteristics Of Wright State University Total Ankle Replacement Under Shear And Torsion Loads, Tarun Goswami
Wear Characteristics Of Wright State University Total Ankle Replacement Under Shear And Torsion Loads, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
Introduction: Total ankle replacement (TAR) involves replacement of the damaged bone with prosthetic components and is usually performed in patients suffering with arthritis to relieve pain and maintain motion. There are several different factors that contribute to failure of TARs but aseptic loosening is the primary method of failure in total ankle replacements. Because of its superior mechanical properties UHMWPE is used as a liner material in TARs. Wear generated from the liner due to high contact stresses during gait causes osteolysis resulting in early loosening of the prostheses.
Most of the earlier studies have focused on wear due to …
Effect Of Anthropometric Adjustments On Bmd And Bmc Z-Scores In A Population Of Prader-Willi Syndrome Pediatric Patients, Amanda E. Marker, David F. Short, Talia Eldar-Geva, Harry J. Hirsch, Varda Gross-Tsur, Maayan Tiomkin, Ari Zimran, Thomas N. Hangartner
Effect Of Anthropometric Adjustments On Bmd And Bmc Z-Scores In A Population Of Prader-Willi Syndrome Pediatric Patients, Amanda E. Marker, David F. Short, Talia Eldar-Geva, Harry J. Hirsch, Varda Gross-Tsur, Maayan Tiomkin, Ari Zimran, Thomas N. Hangartner
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
Two adjustment models were applied to a dataset of bone-mineral density (BMD) and bone-mineral content (BMC) from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements of pediatric patients with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS). One model used weight, height and % body fat (WHF) in the calculation of Z-scores in addition to race, sex and age already included in the standard model. As percent body fat is not always available, a second model with only weight and height was also examined (WH).
A Practical Guide To An Fmri Experiment, Nasser H. Kashou
A Practical Guide To An Fmri Experiment, Nasser H. Kashou
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has been around for two decades and research in this field has been exponentially rising. Much of this research has been dominated by basic science. Recent trends have brought the clinical realm into play in which valuable contributions can still be made. Helping the clinician understand the basic concepts behind an fMRI experiment is crucial to further developing and evaluating functional paradigms and research. Critical to designing an fMRI experiment is understanding the related physics and how fine tuning scanning parameters affects the image quality, which in turn affect the findings of an fMRI study. …
Rheological Model Of Force Transmission Through The Helmet And Concussion Sensitivity, Isiah Kendall, Anthony Vicini, Tarun Goswami
Rheological Model Of Force Transmission Through The Helmet And Concussion Sensitivity, Isiah Kendall, Anthony Vicini, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
In contact sports, head-to-head collisions can lead to concussions, which pose serious health risks to players. This research aims to understand the force transfer from the helmet to the brain that causes concussions in collisions using a rheological model. Experimental data was gathered from players in the National Football League and testing of one type of helmet and padding. The rheological model was verified with published data and good correlation was achieved. Further sensitivity analysis of concussion risk was performed with respect to force, body weight, mass, and impact duration fit to normal and Weibull distributions using Monte Carlo simulations …
Investigation Of Capabilities Of Observers In A Watch Window Study, Ositadimma Nnanna Eziolisa
Investigation Of Capabilities Of Observers In A Watch Window Study, Ositadimma Nnanna Eziolisa
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Due to an abundance of data and dynamic nature of tasks, challenges with information retrieval in surveillance and target identification tasks have risen in today's Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) community. In this study, two variables, Area of Coverage and Amount of Activity (AOC/ACT), are manipulated to study their effects on the number of Watch Windows an observer can monitor. This research describes the analyst's task model, and explains how the level of AOC/ACT and number of Watch Windows affects the analyst's cognitive load. Results showed a significant difference in performance and physiological indicators of workload between high AOC/ACT conditions …
Improving Motion Imagery Analysis: Investigating Detection Failures, Remembering To Perform Deferred Intentions, Michael R. Nickels
Improving Motion Imagery Analysis: Investigating Detection Failures, Remembering To Perform Deferred Intentions, Michael R. Nickels
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Advances in automation have led to an increased prevalence of human multitasking in intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance operations. Despite advancements in computer-vision research, almost all video data collected must be processed by human analysts. Traditionally, analysts are plagued with the presence and possible overabundance of interruptions that fundamentally leads to multitasking while processing video data. It is currently unknown what factors influence decision making in completing primary tasks or handling interruptions. In this study, we investigated the performance effects and the resulting design implications of varying the number of concurrent prospective memory tasks and encoding of one large group of …
A Theoretical Adaptive Autonomy Model: Real-Time Physiological Assessment Of Cognitive Workload, Dakota C. Evans
A Theoretical Adaptive Autonomy Model: Real-Time Physiological Assessment Of Cognitive Workload, Dakota C. Evans
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Increases in modern-day system complexity, has led for a need to improve human performance and the interaction between the two. Three objectives: (1) to investigate physiological measures as indicators of cognitive workload, (2) to assess cognitive workload during human interaction with different autonomy levels, and (3) to develop a theoretical model for an adaptive autonomous system that changes with real-time cognitive workload measures were addressed. This effort seeks to improve human computer interaction by providing the human with the acceptable level of computer automation based on real-time cognitive state. Two experiments involved collection of measures of subject physiology, subjective survey …
Use Of Vibrotactile Feedback And Stochastic Resonance For Improving Laparoscopic Surgery Performance, Robert Douglas Hoskins
Use Of Vibrotactile Feedback And Stochastic Resonance For Improving Laparoscopic Surgery Performance, Robert Douglas Hoskins
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Vibrotactile feedback, used as sensory substitution for loss of haptic feedback, has been utilized to improve performance in manual control, teleoperation and during minimally invasive surgical tasks. Stochastic resonance (SR), introduced into the human control system as white noise at a sub-threshold level, has shown promise to improve the sensitivity of tactile receptors resulting in enhancement of performance for a variety of manual tracking and sensorimotor tasks. The purpose of this study was to determine if SR could improve performance (accuracy, speed) in a simulated laparoscopic palpation task and to compare it to vibrotactile feedback (VIB). It was hypothesized that …
Day-Of-Discharge Planning At Acute Care Hospitals, Kylie M. Bertsch
Day-Of-Discharge Planning At Acute Care Hospitals, Kylie M. Bertsch
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Hospitals provide a complex array of services to patient populations with highly variable conditions, needs, and preferences. These services are delivered with limited resources, and therefore, the synchronization of patient flow between various units in the hospital is essential for minimizing patient delay and congestion. Unfortunately, patient flow optimization is a topic in its research infancy, and, in current practice, hospitals struggle with the numerous ramifications of delays in care provision and increased costs. Emergency Department (ED) crowding and boarding have become a topic of increased interest as the ED becomes an increasingly popular entry point to acute care hospitals. …
Development And Application Of An Analyst Process Model For A Search Task Scenario, Hendrickson K. Karl
Development And Application Of An Analyst Process Model For A Search Task Scenario, Hendrickson K. Karl
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A key intelligence analyst role in open source search is the transformation of data into understanding. Better comprehension is needed of how new tools impact the analyst search process. The use of function analysis, heuristic analysis, and a usability study combine to provide the basis for developing an analyst process model, which affords the researcher with a structure to measure the impact of tools and expertise in performing a search task. The experiment utilized representative analyst scenario tasks in comparing baseline tools with the Geospatial Open Search Toolkit (GOST). The results show error rates increase when using a new toolset …
Interpolation-Based Super-Resolution Reconstruction: Effects Of Slice Thickness, Amir Pasha Mahmoudzadeh, Nasser H. Kashou
Interpolation-Based Super-Resolution Reconstruction: Effects Of Slice Thickness, Amir Pasha Mahmoudzadeh, Nasser H. Kashou
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
Standard clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is acquired in two-dimensions where the in-plane resolution is higher than the slice select direction. These acquisitions include axial, coronal, and sagittal planes. To date, there have been few attempts to combine the information of these three orthogonal orientations. This paper aims to take advantage of the different in-plane resolution acquired from each plane orientation and combine them into one volume in order to attain a higher resolution image. This combination of MRI data will allow the detection of smaller areas that would otherwise be missed using only one slice orientation. A comparison of …
Investigation Of Mirror Image Bias: Evidence For The Use Of Psychophysiological Measures As Indicators Of Cognitive Heuristics, Caroline R. Salchak
Investigation Of Mirror Image Bias: Evidence For The Use Of Psychophysiological Measures As Indicators Of Cognitive Heuristics, Caroline R. Salchak
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The Mirror Imaging Bias (MIB) is gaining attention as a prominent quality factor in analysts' performance. MIB is an irrationality in which analysts perceive and process information through the filter of personal experience. As evidenced by notable historical events, the consequences of this bias can be dramatic. A way to understand MIB in humans is sought. How analysts analyze data, are trained, and interact with biases is explored. An experiment testing for the appearance of MIB was designed and completed. Measures from an eye tracker as well as physiological measures were collected. Results show a significant correlation between pupil diameter …