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Full-Text Articles in Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering
Formation Of 2-Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile (Cs Riot Control Agent) Thermal Degradation Products At Elevated Temperatures, Timothy A. Kluchinsky, Michael Sheely, Paul B B. Savage, Philip A. Smith
Formation Of 2-Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile (Cs Riot Control Agent) Thermal Degradation Products At Elevated Temperatures, Timothy A. Kluchinsky, Michael Sheely, Paul B B. Savage, Philip A. Smith
US Army Research
2-Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile (CS riot control agent) has been shown to produce a number of thermal degradation products when dispersed at high temperature.We hypothesized that these CS-derived compounds are formed by energy input from heating during the dispersion process. Here we identified organic CS-derived compounds formed from purified CS subjected to temperatures ranging from 300 to 900 degrees C in an inert atmosphere with analysis of tube furnace effluent by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. We conclude that the production of many CS-derived compounds previously observed during high-temperature dispersion is likely to be heat related.
Use Of Snow-Covered Ranges To Estimate Explosives Residues From High-Order Detonations Of Army Munitions, Thomas F. Jenkins, Marianne E. Walsh, Paul H. Miyares, Alan D. Hewitt, Nicholas H. Collins, Thomas A. Ranney
Use Of Snow-Covered Ranges To Estimate Explosives Residues From High-Order Detonations Of Army Munitions, Thomas F. Jenkins, Marianne E. Walsh, Paul H. Miyares, Alan D. Hewitt, Nicholas H. Collins, Thomas A. Ranney
US Army Research
Estimation of the amounts of residues resulting from high-order detonation of munitions is complicated by the presence of residues from previous detonations and the inability to easily obtain adequately-sized samples to overcome spatial heterogeneity in residue deposition. This study was conducted to assess the use of snow-covered ranges to provide these types of estimates. Specifically, snow-covered ranges were used to estimate the amount of explosives residues that resulted from detonation of individual mortar rounds and a small antipersonnel land mine. At Fort Drum, NY, 60 mm mortars were fired and at Camp Ethan Allen, VT, 81 mm mortars and a …
Use Of Pyrolysis Gc/Ms For Predicting Emission Byproducts From The Incineration Of Double-Base Propellant, Donald Cropek, Patricia Kemme, Jean Day, Jane Cochran
Use Of Pyrolysis Gc/Ms For Predicting Emission Byproducts From The Incineration Of Double-Base Propellant, Donald Cropek, Patricia Kemme, Jean Day, Jane Cochran
US Army Research
Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to analyze the pyrolytic byproducts from an Army-unique propellant compound (AA2) that is composed of predominantly nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin. Compounds produced by AA2 pyrolysis were compared to compounds detected in the gaseous effluent from AA2 incineration. The light permanent gases and most of the higher molecular weight byproducts produced by AA2 incineration are replicated by laboratory pyrolysis on AA2. The reverse case also holds whereby 18 out of 24 high molecular weight AA2 pyrolytic byproducts are found in the incinerator emissions. Poor matching, however, was obtained between the two processes for the volatile, water-soluble species. …