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Theses/Dissertations

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2017

University at Albany, State University of New York

Articles 1 - 15 of 15

Full-Text Articles in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Genetic Editing Out The Tumor Growth Supressor Gene Trm9l In Colorectal Cancer Models Using Crispr-Cas9, Philip Blatner May 2017

Genetic Editing Out The Tumor Growth Supressor Gene Trm9l In Colorectal Cancer Models Using Crispr-Cas9, Philip Blatner

Nanoscale Science & Engineering (discontinued with class year 2014)

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is a precise genetic engineering tool for genome editing. CRISPR utilizes guide RNA (gRNA) to find specific DNA sequences followed by a Cas9 nuclease to cut the DNA at a specific site. TRM9L is a tumor growth-suppresser gene that restricts the growth of some colorectal cancer cells by upregulating LIN9 expression. TRM9L expression is lost in some late stage colorectal cancers and cancer models (SW620). SW480 colorectal cancer cells express TRM9L and these cells are considered to be at the beginning of colorectal cancer development. The goal of my project was to use …

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Modeling And Studying The Effect Of Texture And Elastic Anisotropy Of Copper Microstructure In Nanoscale Interconnects On Reliability In Integrated Circuits, Adarsh Basavalingappa Jan 2017

Modeling And Studying The Effect Of Texture And Elastic Anisotropy Of Copper Microstructure In Nanoscale Interconnects On Reliability In Integrated Circuits, Adarsh Basavalingappa

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Copper interconnects are typically polycrystalline and follow a lognormal grain size distribution. Polycrystalline copper interconnect microstructures with a lognormal grain size distribution were obtained with a Voronoi tessellation approach. The interconnect structures thus obtained were used to study grain growth mechanisms, grain boundary scattering, scattering dependent resistance of interconnects, stress evolution, vacancy migration, reliability life times, impact of orientation dependent anisotropy on various mechanisms, etc. In this work, the microstructures were used to study the impact of microstructure and elastic anisotropy of copper on thermal and electromigration induced failure.

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Resistive Random Access Memory From Materials Development And Engineering To Novel Encryption And Neuromorphic Applications, Karsten Beckmann Jan 2017

Resistive Random Access Memory From Materials Development And Engineering To Novel Encryption And Neuromorphic Applications, Karsten Beckmann

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Resistive random access memory (ReRAM or RRAM) is a novel form of non-volatile memory that is expected to play a major role in future computing and memory solutions. It has been shown that the resistance state of ReRAM devices can be precisely tuned by modulating switching voltages, by limiting peak current, and by adjusting the switching pulse properties. This enables the realization of novel applications such as memristive neuromorphic computing and neural network computing. I have developed two processes based on 100 and 300mm wafer platforms to demonstrate functional HfO2 based ReRAM devices. The first process is designed for a …

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Redox-Dependent Calcium-Mediated Signaling Networks That Control The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype, Akshaya Chandrasekaran Jan 2017

Redox-Dependent Calcium-Mediated Signaling Networks That Control The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype, Akshaya Chandrasekaran

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Cellular senescence has evolved as a protective mechanism to arrest growth of cells with oncogenic potential. While senescent cells have lost the ability to divide, they remain metabolically active and adapt a deleterious senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) central to the progression of several age-associated disease pathologies. The SASP is mechanistically regulated by the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) whose expression and activity is responsive to the senescence associated (SA) oxidant production and the accompanying disruption of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. Using primary IMR-90 human fetal lung fibroblasts as a model of replicative senescence, we explored the molecular underpinnings driving Ca2+ …

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Novel Uses Of Directly Patternable Silicon Oxide Based Resist For Advanced Patterning Applications, Vishal Umeshbhai Desai Jan 2017

Novel Uses Of Directly Patternable Silicon Oxide Based Resist For Advanced Patterning Applications, Vishal Umeshbhai Desai

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Novel applications for the directly-patternable resist material, hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ), were studied for multiple advanced lithography techniques. Initially, electron beam lithography (EBL) patterned low-resolution HSQ patterns were demonstrated as a mandrel in a self-aligned double patterning (SADP) approach. Using the novel EBL-SADP approach, the number of total process steps was reduced, as compared to conventional SADP methods. This work provided proof-of-concept for using HSQ resist as a directly-patternable mandrel and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited (PECVD) low-stress silicon nitride (LSSiN) as a spacer. Furthermore, rapid thermal annealing (RTA) was demonstrated as a method to increase the spacer etch resistance in …

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Towards A Biomimetic Elastin-Based Nanofiber Scaffold For Salivary Gland Tissue Regeneration And Growth Factor Delivery, Zahraa Ismail Ahmed Foraida Jan 2017

Towards A Biomimetic Elastin-Based Nanofiber Scaffold For Salivary Gland Tissue Regeneration And Growth Factor Delivery, Zahraa Ismail Ahmed Foraida

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Development of electrospun nanofibers that mimic the structural, mechanical and biochemical properties of natural extracellular matrices (ECMs) and the basement membranes is a promising approach for tissue regeneration. Electrospun fibers of synthetic polymers partially mimic the topography of the ECM, however, their high stiffness, poor hydrophilicity and lack of in vivo-like biochemical cues is not optimal for epithelial cell self-organization and function. In search of a biomimetic scaffold for salivary gland tissue regeneration, we utilized proteins and peptides to induce biomechanical and biochemical cues that resembles the native tissue environment. These functional molecules were introduced to our previously-developed poly lactic-co-glycolic …

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Novel Approaches To Mitigating Bacterial Biofilm Formation And Intercellular Communication, Stephen Kasper Jan 2017

Novel Approaches To Mitigating Bacterial Biofilm Formation And Intercellular Communication, Stephen Kasper

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Long thought of as solitary single-cell organisms, it is now widely accepted that bacteria can act and cooperate as social organisms. Phenomena such as biofilm formation and quorum sensing (QS) are two intimately intertwined cooperative behaviors that significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of many bacteria. Biofilms are surface associated communities of bacteria encased in a secreted extracellular matrix, which provides several advantages over an individualized lifestyle, such as increased protection from antimicrobial agents as well as enhanced opportunity for the exchange of genetic material. Bacterial QS is a system of population-based communication through the production, sensing, and response to chemical …

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Exploring Magnetic Nanostructures Embedded Within Single-Crystal Silicon For Generation Of Spin-Polarized Carriers, Machara Krishna Girish Malladi Jan 2017

Exploring Magnetic Nanostructures Embedded Within Single-Crystal Silicon For Generation Of Spin-Polarized Carriers, Machara Krishna Girish Malladi

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Integrating magnetic functionalities with silicon holds the promise of developing, in the most dominant semiconductor, a paradigm-shift information technology based on the manipulation and control of electron spin and charge. Here, we demonstrate an ion implantation approach enabling the synthesis of a ferromagnetic layer within a defect free Si environment by exploiting an additional implant of hydrogen in a region deep below the metal implanted layer. Upon post-implantation annealing, nanocavities created within the H-implanted region act as trapping sites for gettering the implanted metal species, resulting in the formation of metal nanoparticles in a Si region of excellent crystal quality. …

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Mechanisms Of Euv Exposure : Photons, Electrons And Holes, Amrit Kausik Narasimhan Jan 2017

Mechanisms Of Euv Exposure : Photons, Electrons And Holes, Amrit Kausik Narasimhan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The microelectronics industry’s movement toward smaller and smaller feature sizes has necessitated a shift to Extreme Ultra-Violet (EUV) lithography to be able to pattern sub 20-nm features, much like earlier shifts from i-line to 248 nm. However, this shift from 193-nm lithography to EUV (13.5 nm) poses significant obstacles. EUV is the first optical lithography to operate in an energy range (92 eV per photon vs. 6.4 eV per photon for 193 nm lithography) above the electron binding energies of common resist atomic species. This significant energy increase complicates resist design. For exposures of equal dose, resists receive 14 times …

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Development Of Multilayer Titanium Nitride-Based Coatings As Corrosion Resistant Films For Stainless Steel Bipolar Plates In Pem Fuel Cells, Nicholas Padula Jan 2017

Development Of Multilayer Titanium Nitride-Based Coatings As Corrosion Resistant Films For Stainless Steel Bipolar Plates In Pem Fuel Cells, Nicholas Padula

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

High cost and short lifetime are the two main reasons why the PEM fuel cell has not reached a widespread, disruptive level of commercialization. Conventional graphite bipolar plates are responsible for about 45% of the cost and 85% of the total weight of a single cell. These measures are linked to difficult machining of thick, brittle graphite and processing needed to render graphite non-porous. Stainless steel is suggested as the replacement bipolar plate material due to its favorable mechanical properties, ease of manufacturing and relatively low price, but requires a cost-effective coating as a non-conductive oxide forms on the bare …

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Detecting And Analyzing Trna Modification Systems And Homologs Using In Silico And Colorectal Cancer Models, Khadijah Onanuga Jan 2017

Detecting And Analyzing Trna Modification Systems And Homologs Using In Silico And Colorectal Cancer Models, Khadijah Onanuga

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

tRNA modifications can be considered epitranscriptomic signaling components that regulate translation and play integral roles in stress response pathways. As such, tRNA modification enzymes have roles in cancer etiology and potential utility as biomarkers of pathological states. For my thesis project I have used computational and wet bench approaches to study tRNA modification systems. Chapter two of my thesis deals with tRNA modification detection, as current methods are costly, time consuming, and require RNA fragmentation. I present a single-molecule-based approach for RNA modification detection, which involves in slico studies using a 5-layered graphene nanopore. Our simulations using a 1.5 nm …

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Multifunctional Nanomaterials Utilizing Hybridization Chain Reaction For Molecular Diagnostics And Bioanalytical Applications, Md Muhit Rana Jan 2017

Multifunctional Nanomaterials Utilizing Hybridization Chain Reaction For Molecular Diagnostics And Bioanalytical Applications, Md Muhit Rana

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

DNA nanotechnology has shown great promise in molecular diagnostic, bioanalytical and biomedical applications. The great challenge of detecting target analytes, biomarkers and small molecules, in molecular diagnostics is low yield sensitivity. To address this challenge, different nanomaterials have been used for a long time and to date there is no such cost-effective bioanalytical technique which can detect these target biomarkers (DNA, RNA, circulating DNA/miRNA) or environmental heavy metal ions (Hg2+ and Ag+) in a cost-effective and efficient manner.

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Impedance Biosensors And Deep Crater Salivary Gland Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering, Robert Arthur Schramm Jan 2017

Impedance Biosensors And Deep Crater Salivary Gland Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering, Robert Arthur Schramm

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The salivary gland is a complex, branching organ whose primary biological function is the production of the fluid critical to alimentary function and the lubrication and maintenance of the oral cavity, saliva. The most frequent disruption of the salivary organ system is one in which the rate of supply of saliva into the oral cavity is diminished, and this may vary from a minor reduction, to near cessation. Regenerative medicine is a field which seeks to find ways to overcome the symptoms of organ malfunction or damage by inducing regrowth, repair and replacement of partial or whole organ function. Historically, …

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Computational Optimization And Characterization Of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers, Jacob Jordan Terracina Jan 2017

Computational Optimization And Characterization Of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers, Jacob Jordan Terracina

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are a class of materials containing sites capable of selectively binding to the imprinted target molecule. Computational chemistry techniques were used to study the effect of different fabrication parameters (the monomer-to-target ratios, pre-polymerization solvent, temperature, and pH) on the formation of the MIP binding sites. Imprinted binding sites were built in silico for the purposes of better characterizing the receptor – ligand interactions. Chiefly, the sites were characterized with respect to their selectivities and the heterogeneity between sites.

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Effect Of Ion Flux (Dose Rate) In Source-Drain Extension Ion Implantation For 10-Nm Node Finfet And Beyond On 300/450mm Platforms, Ming-Yi Shen Jan 2017

Effect Of Ion Flux (Dose Rate) In Source-Drain Extension Ion Implantation For 10-Nm Node Finfet And Beyond On 300/450mm Platforms, Ming-Yi Shen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The improvement of wafer equipment productivity has been a continuous effort of the semiconductor industry. Higher productivity implies lower product price, which economically drives more demand from the market. This is desired by the semiconductor manufacturing industry. By raising the ion beam current of the ion implanter for 300/450mm platforms, it is possible to increase the throughput of the ion implanter. The resulting dose rate can be comparable to the performance of conventional ion implanters or higher, depending on beam current and beam size. Thus, effects caused by higher dose rate must be investigated further. One of the major applications …

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