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Articles 61 - 90 of 156
Full-Text Articles in Mechanical Engineering
Hot Corrosion Behaviour Of New Candidates For Thermal Barrier Coatings Application In Turbine Simulated Environments, Mohammad Hamed Habibi
Hot Corrosion Behaviour Of New Candidates For Thermal Barrier Coatings Application In Turbine Simulated Environments, Mohammad Hamed Habibi
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are used gas turbine engines. The current material of choice (YSZ) degrades when it contacts with impurities arise from low quality fuels such vanadium and sulfur. YSZ cannot be used in temperature higher than 900˚C. Higher efficiency and performance of gas turbine engines will require a new generation of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). In current work, hot corrosion behavior of new candidates including Gd2Zr2O7, ZrO2 stabilized with Ta2O5, zirconia stabilized with both Ta2O5 and Y2O3 and zirconia stabilized with CeO2 and TiO2 is investigated. For YSZ case, the reaction between NaVO3 and Y2O3 produces YVO4 and …
Novel Nanostructured Titania And Titania Nanocomposites For Photovoltaics And Photocatalysis, Xinning Luan
Novel Nanostructured Titania And Titania Nanocomposites For Photovoltaics And Photocatalysis, Xinning Luan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
With the consumption of energy continually increasing around the world and the main source of this energy, fossil fuels, slowly being depleted, the need for alternate sources of energy is becoming more and more pertinent. Demand for solar energy has experienced exponential increase over the last decade. Nanostructured TiO2 has attracted significant attention due to its nontoxicity, low cost and wide applications in photovoltaics and photocatalysis. This research is focused on novel synthesis and surface modification of TiO2 nanotube arrays for applications in advanced dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and efficient photocatalysis. The first part of this work entails fast synthesis …
Energy And Thermodynamically Based Approaches For Analysis Of Damage In Contact Problems, Afshin Babaie Aghdam
Energy And Thermodynamically Based Approaches For Analysis Of Damage In Contact Problems, Afshin Babaie Aghdam
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A novel methodology for analysis of damage in contact problems in presented. Two important categories of contact damage are studied, namely crack nucleation and adhesive wear. The proposed methodology is primarily based on the laws of energy and thermodynamics, and as such offers great advantages by unifying the analysis of damage in a variety of contact configurations. Crack nucleation is the first damage type analyzed. For this purpose, the line-contact fretting configuration is chosen. A thermodynamically-based continuum damage mechanics (CDM) approach is employed. Intense stress gradients in the contact region are found to be highly influential in the crack nucleation …
Tomographic Imaging Of Combustion Zones Using Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (Tdlas), Avishek Guha
Tomographic Imaging Of Combustion Zones Using Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (Tdlas), Avishek Guha
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This work concentrates on enabling the usage of a specific variant of tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (abbr. TDLAS) for tomogaphically reconstructing spatially varying temperature and concentrations of gases with as few reconstruction artifacts as possible. The specific variant of TDLAS used here is known as wavelength modulation with second harmonic detection (abbr. WMS-2f) which uses the wavelength dependent absorbance information of two different spectroscopic transitions to determine temperature and concentration values. Traditionally, WMS-2f has generally been applied to domains where temperature although unknown, was spatially largely invariant while concentration was constant and known to a reasonable approximation (_x0006_+/- 10% …
Energy Dissipation And Entropy Generation During The Fatigue Degradation: Application To Health Monitoring Of Composites, Ali Kahirdeh
Energy Dissipation And Entropy Generation During The Fatigue Degradation: Application To Health Monitoring Of Composites, Ali Kahirdeh
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In this dissertation, an experimental approach for characterizing energy dissipation and degradation evolution in a woven Epoxy/Glass (G10/FR4) laminate subjected to fully reversed bending fatigue test is presented. Infrared thermography and acoustic emission are utilized to characterize the degradation progression. The results show similar evolutionary response indicating the presence of three degradation stages. The effect of the surface cooling on the fatigue life of the laminates is investigated both experimentally and analytically. The results show that the life of the laminate is highly dependent on the temperature and that surface cooling can significantly increase the fatigue life of the laminate. …
Innovative Heat Transfer Augmentation Techniques In Mechanical Face Seal, Nian Xiao
Innovative Heat Transfer Augmentation Techniques In Mechanical Face Seal, Nian Xiao
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Excessive heat generated at the face seal contact interface has been recognized as one of main causes of failure of mechanical seals. In the past few decades various efforts have been attempted to remove heat from the contact interface uniformly in order to reduce the interfacial temperature, eliminate thermally-induced failure, and thus increase the life of a mechanical seal. Two innovative heat transfer augmentation techniques - surface texturing and built-in phase change device - have been developed in our laboratory to effectively enhance the heat transfer in mechanical face seal. Surface texturing can increase the surface area, change the near …
Novel Syntheses And Surface Modifications Of Electrode Materials For Superior Lithium-Ion Batteries, Jianqing Zhao
Novel Syntheses And Surface Modifications Of Electrode Materials For Superior Lithium-Ion Batteries, Jianqing Zhao
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Rechargeable lithium-ion battery is one of the most promising energy conversion and storage systems that offers high energy and powder densities, long service life and assuring safety. Performance of lithium-ion batteries crucially relies on electrochemical characteristics of electrode materials, i.e., anode and cathode materials. This dissertation work aims at developing novel electrode materials with high capacity, excellent cycling stability and remarkable rate capability for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. The effects of surface modifications for LiMn2O4 cathode materials are studied by depositing ultrathin conformal amphoteric oxides via atomic layer deposition (ALD). In the case of ZnO coating, the thickness of ZnO ALD …
Thermal Cycling And Thermal Radiation Performances Of Novel Thermal Barrier Coatings, Li Wang
Thermal Cycling And Thermal Radiation Performances Of Novel Thermal Barrier Coatings, Li Wang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) play an important role in protecting the superalloy components from the hot gas stream in gas-turbine engines. Driven by the higher inlet temperature of modern gas turbine engines for higher efficiency and less harmful gas emission, exploration of TBC new materials and thermal radiation effects of TBCs have attracted more attentions recently. In this study, thermochemical compatibility of Gd2Zr2O7 (GZ) and yttria-stabilized-zirconia (YSZ) at 1300 ºC was investigated. Single, double and three ceramic-layered GZ based TBCs were prepared and their thermal cycling properties were performed under different thermal conditions. Thermochemical compatibility investigation showed that YSZ tended …
Modeling And Simulation Of Surface Profile Forming Process Of Microlenses And Their Application In Optical Interconnection Devices, Zhengyu Miao
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Free space micro-optical systems require to integrate microlens array, micromirrors, optical waveguides, beam splitter, etc. on a single substrate. Out-of-plane microlens array fabricated by direct lithography provides pre-alignment during mask fabrication stage and has the advantage of mass manufacturing at low cost. However, this technology requires precise control of the surface profile of microlenses, which is a major technical challenge. The quality control of the surface profile of microlenses limits their applications. In this dissertation, the surface forming process of the out-of-plane microlenses in UV-lithography fabrication was modeled and simulated using a simplified cellular automata model. The microlens array was …
Mechanistic Analysis And Reduced Order Modeling Of Forced Film Cooling Flows, Guillaume Francois Bidan
Mechanistic Analysis And Reduced Order Modeling Of Forced Film Cooling Flows, Guillaume Francois Bidan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Abstract Unforced and forced film cooling jets are investigated in view to develop a reduced order model of the velocity and temperature fields. First, a vertical jet in cross-flow, a configuration well documented at high blowing ratios, is investigated at low blowing ratios using experimental visualizations and large eddy simulations. The unforced study reveals that dominant structures at low blowing ratio can be significantly different from the ones formed at high blowing ratio and describes their evolution and transition as the blowing ratio is changed. The forced jet investigations extend the results of past numerical studies in terms of starting …
Nanotube Film-Enhanced 3-D Photoanode For Application In Microsystems Technology, Fareed Dawan
Nanotube Film-Enhanced 3-D Photoanode For Application In Microsystems Technology, Fareed Dawan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Surface area plays an important factor in the energy conversion performance of solar cells. It has also emerged as a critical factor in the evolution of high-performance micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and multifunctional microstructures most of which will benefit from integrated on-chip solar power. Presented here is the hierarchical fabrication and characterization of TiO2 nanotubes on non-planar 3-dimensional microstructures for enhanced performance of the photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The objective is to increase photoanode performance within a 1 cm2 lateral footprint area by increasing the vertical surface area through the formation of TiO2 nanotubes on 3-D microstructures. In the …
Developing Defect-Tolerant Demolding Process In Nanoimprint Lithography, Alborz Amirsadeghi
Developing Defect-Tolerant Demolding Process In Nanoimprint Lithography, Alborz Amirsadeghi
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Demolding, the process to separate stamp from molded resist, is most critical to the success of ultraviolet nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL). In the present study we first investigated adhesion and demolding force in UV-NIL for different compositions of a model UV-curable resist containing a base (either tripropyleneglycol diacrylate with shorter chain length or polypropyleneglycol diacrylate with longer chain length), a cross-linking agent (trimethylolpropane triacrylate) and a photoinitiator (Irgacure 651). The demolding force was measured using a tensile test machine after imprinting the UV resist on a silicon stamp. In general, the shorter monomer shows a larger demolding force. Decreasing the cross-linking …
Large Eddy Simulation And Analysis Of Shear Flows In Complex Geometries, Prasad Mohanrao Kalghatgi
Large Eddy Simulation And Analysis Of Shear Flows In Complex Geometries, Prasad Mohanrao Kalghatgi
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In the present work, large eddy simulation is used to numerically investigate two types of shear flows in complex geometries, (i) a novel momentum driven countercurrent shear flow in dump geometry and (ii) a film cooling flow (inclined jet in crossflow). Verification of subgrid scale model is done through comparisons with measurements for a turbulent flow over back step, present cases of counter current shear and film cooling flow. In the first part, a three dimensional stability analysis is conducted for countercurrent shear flow using Dynamic mode decomposition and spectral analysis. Kelvin-Helmholtz is identified as primary instability mechanism and observed …
Investigations Of The Effects Of Flame Configuration On The Combustion Of Laminar Diffusion Flame, Li Lu
Investigations Of The Effects Of Flame Configuration On The Combustion Of Laminar Diffusion Flame, Li Lu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Motivation and objective to study double inverse diffusion flame is introduced, followed by the literature survey on soot formation in inverse diffusion flame (IDF), application of the unique structure of double inverse diffusion flame (DIDF), radiation effects on DIDF, factors that affect the formation of nitric oxide and effects of elevated pressure on diffusion flames. Numerical method is validated by the result of flame height for IDF, which is consistent with result from previous research. In present work, two DIDF burner configurations with different size are used to conduct the simulation. Ethylene is used as the fuel. For each of …
Micro & Nano Scale Mechanical Testing And Assembly With Applications To Metal Based Microsystems, Ke Chen
Micro & Nano Scale Mechanical Testing And Assembly With Applications To Metal Based Microsystems, Ke Chen
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Metal-based high-aspect-ratio microscale structures (HARMS) are fundamental building blocks for functional metallic micro devices. This dissertation focuses on addressing several problems in fabrication and assembly of metal based microchannel devices. First, the materials’ responses to mechanical deformation at micro & nano scales, namely the mechanical “size effect”, have been explored by molding single crystal Al with long rectangular diamond punches and long wedge shaped indenters. It is noticed that the contact pressure of rectangular punches pressed into single crystal Al strongly depends on the punch width, while that of long wedge shaped indenters depends on the included wedge angle. We …
Topology And Shape Optimization Of Hydrodynamically–Lubricated Bearings For Enhanced Load-Carrying Capacity, Mohammad Fesanghary
Topology And Shape Optimization Of Hydrodynamically–Lubricated Bearings For Enhanced Load-Carrying Capacity, Mohammad Fesanghary
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Bearings are basic and essential components of nearly all machinery. They must be designed to work under different loads, speeds, and environments. Of all the performance parameters, load-carrying capacity (LCC) is often the most crucial design constraint. The objective of this research is to investigate different design methodologies that significantly improve the LCC of liquid-lubricated bearings. This goal can be achieved by either altering the surface texture or the bearing geometrical configuration. The methodology used here is based on mathematical topological/shape optimization algorithms. These methods can effectively improve the design performance while avoiding time-consuming trial-and-error design techniques. The first category …
Graph Rigidity-Based Formation Control Of Planar Multi-Agent Systems, Xiaoyu Cai
Graph Rigidity-Based Formation Control Of Planar Multi-Agent Systems, Xiaoyu Cai
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A multi-agent system is a network of interacting "agents" that collectively perform a complex task. This dissertation is concerned with the decentralized formation control of multi-agent systems moving in the plane. The formation problem is defined as designing control inputs for the agents so that they form and maintain a pre-defined, planar geometric shape. The focus is on three related problems with increasing level of complexity: formation acquisition, formation maneuvering, and target interception. Three different "dynamic" models, also with increasing level of complexity, are considered for the motion of the agents: the single-integrator model, the double-integrator model, and the full …
Polymer-Based Fluidic Devices Integrated With Perforated Micro- And Nanopore Membrane For Study Of Ionic And Dna Transport, Junseo Choi
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This study aims to develop a process, allowing a low-cost and high-throughput fabrication technique to produce freestanding polymer membranes having perforated micro- and nanopores, and also to design 3D micro/nanofluidic devices with the membrane, enabling a study of ions and DNA transport through nanopores. Technically, we have designed and fabricated high quality silicon stamp. Then, they have been used as molds for modified nanoimprint lithography that takes advantages of a sacrificial layer to obtain freestanding polymer membrane. This technique allows easy fabrication of large area, fully released polymer membranes containing perforated micro- and sub-micropores. The membrane with perforated micropores has …
Analysis And Optimization Of Film Cooling Effectiveness, Hessam Babaee
Analysis And Optimization Of Film Cooling Effectiveness, Hessam Babaee
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In the first part, an optimization strategy is described that combines high-fidelity simu- lations with response surface construction, and is applied to pulsed film cooling for turbine blades. The response surface is constructed for the film cooling effectiveness as a function of duty cycle, in the range of DC between 0.05 and 1, and pulsation frequency St in the range of 0.2-2, using a pseudo-spectral projection method. The jet is fully modulated and the blowing ratio, when the jet is on, is 1.5 in all cases. Overall 73 direct numerical sim- ulations (DNS) using spectral element method were performed to …
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies Of Interaction Of Amphiphilic Molecules With Lipid Bilayers, Jieqiong Lin
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies Of Interaction Of Amphiphilic Molecules With Lipid Bilayers, Jieqiong Lin
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
We use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the behavior of various amphiphilic molecules in aqueous solutions in the presence of vitamin E or lipid bilayers. Our research studies focus on two molecular systems. First, we investigate the effect of DMSO on structural properties of DMPC bilayers and calculate bilayers permeability coefficients for both water and DMSO molecules at low DMSO concentration. The simulations show that the increase of DMSO concentration in solution leads to an increase of the permeability of water through the bilayers. The permeability increase might explain the unusual ability of DMSO, even at relatively low concentrations, to …
Steady And Unsteady Thermo-Strucural Simulation Of Thermally Actuated Micro- And Nano-Structures, Elham Maghsoudi
Steady And Unsteady Thermo-Strucural Simulation Of Thermally Actuated Micro- And Nano-Structures, Elham Maghsoudi
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation provides a thermo-structural simulation for nano-scale and micro-scale structures with pinned and fixed boundary conditions which are either thermally positioned, buckled, or actuated. The study begins with simulating a pinned-pinned beam in micro-scale and nano-scale. The steady state thermo-structural equation is solved numerically using an implicit Finite Difference method implemented in Matlab to obtain the thermal positioning response, which is the thermally steady state center displacement, by adding a constant, time-independent heat flux to the structure. The results show the steady state thermal displacement of the system is a function of the geometry, pressure, material properties, and constant …
Modeling, Numerical Analysis, And Predictions For The Detonation Of Multi-Component Energetic Solids, Michael Wayne Crochet
Modeling, Numerical Analysis, And Predictions For The Detonation Of Multi-Component Energetic Solids, Michael Wayne Crochet
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Metal powders are often used as an additive to conventional high explosives to enhance the post-detonation blast wave. Piston-impact simulations are commonly utilized to predict performance metrics such as detonation speed and strength, as well as assessing the impact and shock sensitivity of these materials. The system response is strongly influenced by the initial particle size distribution and material composition. Multiphase continuum models have been routinely applied at the macroscale to characterize the detonation of solid high explosives over engineering length scales. Current models lack a description of the physically permissible constitutive relations for mass transfer due to general chemical …
Metal-Based Microchannel Heat Exchangers : Manufacturing And Heat Transfer Testing, Bin Lu
Metal-Based Microchannel Heat Exchangers : Manufacturing And Heat Transfer Testing, Bin Lu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation focuses on improving the functionality of metal-based microchannel heat exchangers (MHEs), as well as pushing this technology toward real-world applications. Design optimization was carried out on MHEs for performance maximization. Double-layered microchannel layout was experimentally studied, and a significant reduction on liquid flow pressure drop penalty was achieved. Other than water, another commonly-used coolant, ethylene glycol, was applied to MHEs, and flow and heat transfer characteristics were quantified. Transient Liquid Phase (TLP) bonding was used for joining Cu structures. For further understanding of the MHE heat transfer, a detailed examination was carried out on the TLP bonding interface …
A Fluorescent Oil Detection Device, Yuxuan Zhou
A Fluorescent Oil Detection Device, Yuxuan Zhou
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
On April 20th 2010, the largest offshore oil spill in U.S. history happened in the Gulf of Mexico. It is estimated total more than 4 million barrels oil spilled to Gulf of Mexico. More than two million gallons had been used. This had made the threat to coastal and sea ecosystem even greater and long term. Real-time monitoring is also a critical topic for oil spill response. In-situ monitoring devices are needed for rapid collection of real-time data. A new generation of instruments for spilled oil detection is reported in this paper. The main hypothesis in this research is that …
Multiscale Analysis Of Contact In Smooth And Rough Surfaces: Contact Characteristics And Tribo-Damage, Ali Beheshti
Multiscale Analysis Of Contact In Smooth And Rough Surfaces: Contact Characteristics And Tribo-Damage, Ali Beheshti
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation is comprised of two major interrelated foci. The first focus is to investigate the effect of surface roughness on the behavior of dry contacting bodies through both deterministic and statistical approaches. In the current research, different statistical micro-contact models are employed together with the bulk deformation of the bounding solids to predict the characteristics of the dry rough line-contact and elliptical point-contact including the apparent pressure profile, contact dimensions and real area of contact. Further, based on the results of numerical simulations, useful relationships are provided for the contact characteristics. In addition, a robust approach for the deterministic …
Fabrication And Characterization Of A Polymeric Nanofluidic Device For Dna Analysis, Jiahao Wu
Fabrication And Characterization Of A Polymeric Nanofluidic Device For Dna Analysis, Jiahao Wu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The growing needs for cheaper and faster sequencing of long biopolymers such as DNA and RNA have prompted the development of new technologies. Among the novel techniques for analyzing these biopolymers, an approach using nanochannel based fluidic devices is attractive because it is a label-free, amplification-free, single-molecule method that can be scaled for high-throughput analysis. Despite recent demonstrations of nanochannel based fluidic devices for analyzing physical properties of such biopolymers, most of the devices have been fabricated in inorganic materials such as silicon, silicon nitride and glass using expensive high end nanofabrication techniques such as focused ion beam and electron …
3d Integration Of Micro- And Nanostructures Into Bio-Analytical Devices, Bahador Farshchian
3d Integration Of Micro- And Nanostructures Into Bio-Analytical Devices, Bahador Farshchian
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This study aims to develop a process which allows 3D integration of micro and nanostructures in microchannels. A fabrication process was established for the large area integration of hierarchical micro and nanostructures in microchannels. This novel process, which is called 3D molding, takes advantage of an intermediate thin flexible stamp such as PDMS from soft lithography and a hard mold such as brass from hot embossing process. However, the use of a thin intermediate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp inevitably causes dimensional changes in the 3D molded channel, with respect to those in the brass mold protrusion and the intermediate PDMS stamp …
Measurement Of Continuum Breakdown Using A Disc Spin-Down Experiment In Low Pressure Air, Tathagata Acharya
Measurement Of Continuum Breakdown Using A Disc Spin-Down Experiment In Low Pressure Air, Tathagata Acharya
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
As flow becomes rarefied, a quantity called as the tangential momentum accommodation coefficient (TMAC) becomes important because it is a measure of the momentum transport from a gas molecule to a surface. Very few experimental measurements of continuum breakdown in boundary layer flows exist. All experimental measurements of the TMAC in macro-scale boundary layer flows have been done in the continuum slip and the transition flow regimes. Moreover the experimental apparatus used by previous researchers cannot accommodate for materials that are planar by nature such as those used in the field of aerospace and microfabrication. The objectives of this research …
A Study On The Cleaning And Modification Of Metal Surfaces By Direct Current Cathodic Electrolytic Plasma Process, Jiandong Liang
A Study On The Cleaning And Modification Of Metal Surfaces By Direct Current Cathodic Electrolytic Plasma Process, Jiandong Liang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The processes of surface treatments or surface modifications, more formally known as surface engineering, tailor the surfaces of engineering materials. The treatments are usually intended to change physical properties such as thermal or electrical conductivity, modify the surface dimensions, i.e. roughness, etc. A novel surface treatment method, Electrolytic Plasma Process (EPP), was developed for coating purposes, in its early developmental stage. In this work, the major effort is to avoid using any environmental hazardous chemical (coatings) and to extend such its application to some new fields. The general response of the substrate material under electrolytic plasma process was summarized including …
Energetic Nanoparticles As Fuel Additives For Enhanced Performance In Propulsion Systems, Srinibas Karmakar
Energetic Nanoparticles As Fuel Additives For Enhanced Performance In Propulsion Systems, Srinibas Karmakar
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Biofuels are currently being explored as a carbon-neutral fuel alternative to petroleum-based fuels. However, biofuels such as ethanol has lower energy density (~27MJ/kg) relative to petroleum fuels (~ 45 MJ/kg). Adding high-energy density particles (such as boron with heating value of ~ 58.5 MJ/kg) to biofuels can generate fuel slurry with higher energy density than the base fuel, and represents a potential strategy toward making biofuels more viable. However, the combustion of boron is inhibited (specifically, the ignition is delayed) by the initial presence of an oxide layer, and its high evaporation and boiling temperatures. The present study investigates the …