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Articles 31 - 60 of 411
Full-Text Articles in Mechanical Engineering
Effects Of Imu Sensor Location And Number On The Validity Of Vertical Acceleration Time-Series Data In Countermovement Jumping, Dianne Althouse
Effects Of Imu Sensor Location And Number On The Validity Of Vertical Acceleration Time-Series Data In Countermovement Jumping, Dianne Althouse
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Many devices are available for measuring the height of a CMJ. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) measures linear acceleration, orientation, and angular velocity. As an alternative to using IMU estimates of flight time, CMJ height could be estimated by integrating the IMU time-series signal for vertical acceleration to derive CMJ take-off velocity in order to track whole-body center of mass (WBCoM) movement, yet this approach would require valid IMU acceleration data. Thus, the purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of IMU sensor location and number on the validity of vertical acceleration estimation in CMJ. Thirty young adults …
Speed Of Small Droplets On Repellent Surfaces, Addison J. Litton
Speed Of Small Droplets On Repellent Surfaces, Addison J. Litton
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
A droplet of fluid can slide or roll down an angled surface if the droplet doesn’t stick to the plate (e.g., droplets on glass). The most common surface to allow for such this motion are hydrophobic surfaces. One example is a freshly waxed car where the rain beads up and rolls off. Another example is if a pan is heated to a high enough temperature then when small amounts of water are added the droplet will skitter around on the surface for a moment before boiling away. This high temperature effect where droplets rest on a vapor layer underneath cause …
Multidisciplinary Reference Solutions For Performance-Optimized Aircraft Wings With Tailored Aerodynamic Load Distributions, Jeffrey D. Taylor
Multidisciplinary Reference Solutions For Performance-Optimized Aircraft Wings With Tailored Aerodynamic Load Distributions, Jeffrey D. Taylor
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Morphing wings, or wings that can change shape during flight, have the potential to substantially reduce the amount of fuel consumed by an aircraft over the course of its flight. However, the extent to which these wings can reduce fuel consumption depends on the design of the wing, including its aerodynamic efficiency and its structural layout, and how the aircraft flies, including its flight altitude and speed. Correctly predicting how these design and operational characteristics interact is critical to predicting how wing morphing may affect aircraft fuel consumption. Many computer prediction tools exist that include the effects of these interactions, …
Novel Patterning Techniques To Improve Digital Image Correlation In Challenging Environments, Weston Craig
Novel Patterning Techniques To Improve Digital Image Correlation In Challenging Environments, Weston Craig
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
A camera-based measurement technique called digital image correlation (DIC) is beneficial to measure displacement and strain in challenging environments (such as post-irradiation evaluation and high temperature environments) due to its non-contacting nature and ability to obtain measurements over multiple length scales. This technique requires a surface pattern which influences the measurement resolution and accuracy of the measurements. This thesis explores two novel patterning techniques to allow the use of DIC in more challenging environments:
The first is to determine if a pattern created from printed text can be used as a pattern in DIC. Native patterns are patterns already present …
Ng-Torque/Tension Testing Of Bolts With Epoxy Primer, Gabrielle Van Brunt
Ng-Torque/Tension Testing Of Bolts With Epoxy Primer, Gabrielle Van Brunt
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
This capstone project is in conjunction with Northrop Grumman (NG). The goal of the project is for NG to apply an epoxy in the future to aerospace structures that they produce. This epoxy is meant to prevent corrosion of threaded joints in the structures. Although NG has the epoxy and has no issues procuring it, NG does not know the properties of the epoxy; it cannot be used until the epoxy’s nut factor is experimentally determined. The epoxy nut factor will be used for design and drawing purposes on various projects. To determine the nut factor, the Aggiepoxy team created …
Small Spacecraft Thermal Control Louvers, James Anthony Mullen
Small Spacecraft Thermal Control Louvers, James Anthony Mullen
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Small satellites missions are becoming increasingly complex and are requiring more power. These demands lead to temperature fluctuations on the satellite due to spacecraft layout, sunlight and shadow in orbit, and high-powered instrumentation. Products which provide necessary thermal stability for components on the satellite are desirable to small satellite manufacturers.
In September of 2015, Dr. Allison Evans of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center filed a patent for an innovative louver system configured for small satellite applications. The design was sized for satellites with a 1U form factor and utilized bimetallic springs to lift the louver flaps. The design was …
Thermodynamic Analysis Of A Novel Cycle For Nuclear Smr And Heat Transfer Performance Validation Of The Related Supercritical Working Fluids, Benjamin M. Pepper
Thermodynamic Analysis Of A Novel Cycle For Nuclear Smr And Heat Transfer Performance Validation Of The Related Supercritical Working Fluids, Benjamin M. Pepper
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Currently, all operating nuclear power facilities in the U.S. follow the same general design and process: light-water reactors boil water into steam using bundles of nuclear fuel rods as a heat source, pumping that steam through a turbine which powers a generator to produce clean year-round electricity. Water is an effective coolant, but other facilities around the world have demonstrated the ability to use non-water-based coolants in nuclear reactor designs, which consequently have their own trade-offs. Some positive consequences of using different reactor designs include enhanced safety, better economics, and cheaper clean consumer energy. The work described in this paper …
Calibration Procedure For Dic Strain Measurements During Vibration-Based Fatigue Testing, Benjamin D. Hill
Calibration Procedure For Dic Strain Measurements During Vibration-Based Fatigue Testing, Benjamin D. Hill
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Vibration-based fatigue testing is fast and effective method for determining failure characteristics of a material. Often, a small electrical device called a strain gage is bonded to a rectangular plate specimen to measure the deformation of the plate during a test. However, these strain gages break before the plate does, so an alternative method would improve the results obtained from the test. As an alternative to strain gages, Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a non-contacting, camera-based technique that measures the deformation of an object by comparing digital images taken before and after the object is deformed. During a vibration-based fatigue …
Release Of Large Water Droplets, Jeffrey N. Fonnesbeck
Release Of Large Water Droplets, Jeffrey N. Fonnesbeck
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Water is familiar to all human beings and water droplets are an integral part of our daily lives. From irrigation sprinklers to waterfalls we can observe the formation of water droplets. For most, the droplets are so common and mundane that no thought is given to how the droplets form. Scientists have spent many decades detailing the processes that lead to droplet formation. Current theories and experiments agree quite well for specific cases such as pendant drop formation and jet breakup, but in regards to large volumes of free falling liquid there is very little experimental work to confirm the …
Quantifying The Dynamics Of An Idealized Oil-Plume In Stratified Environment Using Direct Numerical Simulations, Jasmin Ahmed
Quantifying The Dynamics Of An Idealized Oil-Plume In Stratified Environment Using Direct Numerical Simulations, Jasmin Ahmed
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Deep-water oil spills such as the incident in the northern Gulf of Mexico 2010, produce turbulent oil plumes. Multiphase turbulent plumes under stratification are simulated to understand the dynamics of oil plume in oceanic environment. The evolution of the plume is strongly affected by the level of turbulent mixing during the rise of oil through the stratified water. The relative velocity due to the difference in density between oil and water causes slip of oil in water. The plume has been modeled as a two fluid mixture-model, which allows the use of one continuity and momentum equation for the oil-water …
Improved Digital Image Correlation Techniques At High Speed And High Temperature, Lindsey J. Rowley
Improved Digital Image Correlation Techniques At High Speed And High Temperature, Lindsey J. Rowley
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
In extreme environments, such as hot-fire rocket testing, gathering strain data can be challenging due to temperature constraints. Traditional methods for measuring material deformation such as strain gages, a small device attached to a test specimen, cannot withstand the extreme temperature and tend to burn off. When these situations occur non-contacting methods such as Digital Image Correlation (DIC) are preferable. DIC is an optical method of measuring strains across the material’s entire surface by using a camera to track the deformation of a speckle pattern applied to the surface of a deforming object. When used at temperatures above approximately 500°C, …
Seam Shifted Wake In The Magnus And Non-Magnus Directions, John W. Garrett
Seam Shifted Wake In The Magnus And Non-Magnus Directions, John W. Garrett
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
An experiment was done to look at the effect baseball seams can have on how a pitched baseball moves in flight. Both non-spinning and spinning baseballs were analyzed in this study. Data was taken and analyzed at 60, 90, and 110 MPH to determine the influence of velocity and altitude on the ability of seams to alter the trajectory of a pitched baseball. Additionally, a ball's spin causes movement in a certain direction that is dependent on the spin axis. A second focus of this study was on the effect of baseball seams changing the movement in the same direction …
A Review Of Avian-Inspired Morphing For Uav Flight Control, Christina Harvey, Lawren L. Gamble, Christian R. Bolander, Douglas F. Hunsaker, James J. Joo, Daniel J. Inman
A Review Of Avian-Inspired Morphing For Uav Flight Control, Christina Harvey, Lawren L. Gamble, Christian R. Bolander, Douglas F. Hunsaker, James J. Joo, Daniel J. Inman
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications
The impressive maneuverability demonstrated by birds has so far eluded comparably sized uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs). Modern studies have shown that birds’ ability to change the shape of their wings and tail in flight, known as morphing, allows birds to actively control their longitudinal and lateral flight characteristics. These advances in our understanding of avian flight paired with advances in UAV manufacturing capabilities and applications has, in part, led to a growing field of researchers studying and developing avian-inspired morphing aircraft. Because avian-inspired morphing bridges at least two distinct fields (biology and engineering), it becomes challenging to compare and contrast …
A Tale Of Two Sides: Modeling Great Salt Lake Flows To Help Balance Current Ecosystem Influences, Eric Larsen
A Tale Of Two Sides: Modeling Great Salt Lake Flows To Help Balance Current Ecosystem Influences, Eric Larsen
Research on Capitol Hill
USU senior Eric, hailing from Spanish Fork, studies mechanical engineering and funded this project through an engineering student grant. While there are several sampling stations that measure the waterflow of the Great Salt Lake, there are gaps in the data they collect that limit our ability to predict how water moves between the north and south sides of the lake. Eric has been developing machine learning models that more accurately portray the flows. This has applications for both GSL ecological preservation and the brine shrimp and salt industries. Eric loved how hands-on this project was, seeing the phenomenon that his …
Airfoil Flow Optimized Control With An Upstream Cylinder, Nicole Steiner
Airfoil Flow Optimized Control With An Upstream Cylinder, Nicole Steiner
Fall Student Research Symposium 2021
The purpose of this research is to optimize the aerodynamic performance of an airfoil with an upstream cylinder by neural network artificial intelligence. The effects of an upstream oscillating cylinder on the aerodynamic performance of an airfoil are also studied. This paper reports the effects oscillating frequency of the cylinder and the Reynolds number on the lift/drag ratio of the airfoil. The frequency has a complicated correlation with the lift/drag ratio, while the Reynolds number is found to have a positive correlation with the lift/drag ratio. The optimized case is found to have a lift/drag ratio of 1.7319, which is …
High-Magnification Digital Image Correlation Techniques For Aged Nuclear Fuel Cladding Testing, Robert Scott Hansen
High-Magnification Digital Image Correlation Techniques For Aged Nuclear Fuel Cladding Testing, Robert Scott Hansen
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Nuclear fuel cladding in light water reactors, often made of zirconium alloys, is naturally made more brittle by exposure to the water coolant during normal reactor operation. However, this embrittlement by zirconium hydrides changes the mechanical behavior of the cladding material, affecting how it will deform and what may cause it to fail. Because the cladding already has different properties in different material directions, mechanical testing also needs to be direction specific. In addition, to understand the effects that these microscale hydride features have, measurements of deforming cladding need to be at a microscale. This dissertation describes several high-magnification innovations …
The Effect Of Bit Depth On High Temperature Digital Image Correlation Measurements, Steven Robert Jarrett
The Effect Of Bit Depth On High Temperature Digital Image Correlation Measurements, Steven Robert Jarrett
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a camera-based method of measuring mechanical displacement and strain which is commonly used in high-temperature experiments due to its ability to take contactless measurements. High-temperature DIC is challenging due to light emitted from the sample which can saturate the camera sensor. Blue-DIC and UV-DIC have been developed to minimize this effect, but the maximum sample temperature range of DIC remains a function of the camera and camera settings. Bit depth, also referred to as color depth or number of bits, is an important camera setting which affects the dynamic range of an image, but which …
Characteristic Of The Dynamics Of Disorder In Crystalline And Amorphous Materials, Amir Behbahanian
Characteristic Of The Dynamics Of Disorder In Crystalline And Amorphous Materials, Amir Behbahanian
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
This work provides the evidence to apply simulation methods that are applicable to systems with structural randomness to simulate crystalline materials at high temperatures. My work not only open the avenue to expand the simulation capability of materials but also provides insight to the physics of vibrations of atoms under different temperature and for different types of materials. I have also evaluated the reliability of Molecular Dynamics simulations at the frequency level and found that theses types of simulations, despite the previous belief, are reliable at low temperatures but up to a measurable frequency. In addition, the result of my …
Collective Motion In Pelotons And Fish Schools: Observation And Modeling, Syed Rafid Rahman
Collective Motion In Pelotons And Fish Schools: Observation And Modeling, Syed Rafid Rahman
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
In recent years there has been a sharp increase in deriving inspiration from nature for engineering applications. However there has been lack of high-resolution data from which insights into collective behavior can be drawn and models can be validated. In this imaging based thesis, data from high-speed, overhead cameras, and GPS tracking are used to collect position and sensory data for large groups of 40 or more members. These data helps us understand how different members (fish, cyclists) of a group interact with each other in collective motion. The focus of this work is to find how individual behavior leads …
Sensitivity Study For Uav Gps-Denied Navigation In Uncertain Landmark Fields, Samantha D. Burton
Sensitivity Study For Uav Gps-Denied Navigation In Uncertain Landmark Fields, Samantha D. Burton
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
This document provides two 2D simulation sensitivity analyses regarding a drone’s flight characteristic (state) errors within a GPS-denied region. The research focuses on a development and investigation of utilizing a camera to simultaneously determine a drone’s state while locating landmarks, where there is uncertainty in the landmarks’ exact positions prior to the mission (SLAM). This SLAM method is performed in regions with limited access to GPS. Furthermore, there is development and investigation of controlling the drone in conjunction with SLAM using potential error-reducing control parameters. Objectives are to quantitatively understand the UAV’s sensitivity of position errors to sensor grade and …
Impacts In Fluids: Forces, Scaling Laws And Bouncing Modes In Projectile Impacts On Water Pools And Droplets, Rafsan Rabbi
Impacts In Fluids: Forces, Scaling Laws And Bouncing Modes In Projectile Impacts On Water Pools And Droplets, Rafsan Rabbi
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Projectile impacts in quiescent water pool are synonymous with intriguing splash phenomena and rich underwater physics. Depending on the material property, geometry and surface conditions of the impacting projectiles coupled with the geometric properties of the water pool (e.g., depth, width etc.), contrasting events like sub-surface cavity formation or bouncing of macro-droplets unfolds over millimetric timescales.
In this dissertation, I present four different studies that look at different aspects of impact events with the help of high-speed imaging techniques and implementation of other sensory data acquisition instruments. Firstly, I look at the force of impact associated with projectile water entry …
Thermal Barrier Coating For Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials, Heejin Kim, Jungwon Kim, Juhyeong Lee, Min Wook Lee
Thermal Barrier Coating For Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials, Heejin Kim, Jungwon Kim, Juhyeong Lee, Min Wook Lee
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications
Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites are widely employed in lightweight and high performance applications including supercars, aero-vehicles, and space components. However, although carbon fibers are thermally stable, the low thermal endurance of the matrix materials remains a critical problem in terms of the performance of the material. In this study, we proposed a new, Al2O3-based thermal barrier coating (TBC) for the CFRP composites. The TBC comprised α-phase Al2O3 particles with a mean diameter of 9.27 μm. The strong adhesion between the TBC and the CFRP substrate was evaluated using a three point bending …
Comparison Of Theoretical And Multi-Fidelity Optimum Aerostructural Solutions For Wing Design, Jeffrey D. Taylor, Douglas F. Hunsaker
Comparison Of Theoretical And Multi-Fidelity Optimum Aerostructural Solutions For Wing Design, Jeffrey D. Taylor, Douglas F. Hunsaker
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Student Publications and Presentations
As contemporary aerostructural research for aircraft design trends toward high-fidelity computational methods, aerostructural solutions based on theory are often neglected or forgotten. In fact, in many modern aerostructural wing optimization studies, the elliptic lift distribution is used as a benchmark in place of theoretical aerostructural solutions with more appropriate constraints. In this paper, we review several theoretical aerostructural solutions that could be used as benchmark cases for wing design studies, and we compare them to high-fidelity solutions with similar constraints. Solutions are presented for studies with 1) constraints related to the wing integrated bending moment, 2) constraints related to the …
Surrogate Optimization Model For An Integrated Regenerative Methanol Transcritical Cycle, Yili Zhang
Surrogate Optimization Model For An Integrated Regenerative Methanol Transcritical Cycle, Yili Zhang
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
In order to reduce the cost ($) per megawatts hour (MWh) of electrical energy generated by a nuclear power cycle with a novel small modular reactor (SMR), a new SMR-based nuclear power cycle with Methanol as working fluid was designed. It was built virtually with the Python & Coolprop software based on all components’ physical properties, and it is therefore called the physics-based model. The physics-based model would require seven user-defined values as input for the seven free design parameters, respectively. The physics-based model outcomes include LCOE (the cost per megawatts hour of electrical energy generated by the …
Evolution Of A Digital Twin For Wing Assembly By Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding, Johnathon Hunt
Evolution Of A Digital Twin For Wing Assembly By Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding, Johnathon Hunt
Utah Space Grant Consortium
Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding (RFSSW) is an emerging solid state joining process for thin sheet aluminum. Many researchers are developing RFSSW process parameters and best practices for manufacturing, thus enabling the use of RFSSW in many industries. Within this development, this work focuses to predict the resultant residual stresses and distortion in a joined part after welding. These residual stresses are caused by the heat & mechanical inputs from the RFSSW process. This report provides the preliminary results of the two step solution to resultant temperature and stresses from a series of RFSSW in thin sheet aluminum.
Evaluation Of Liquid Doping Methods For Use In Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Taylor Davis
Evaluation Of Liquid Doping Methods For Use In Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Taylor Davis
Utah Space Grant Consortium
Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is an additive manufacturing (AM) process that is well known for its geometric versatility and high-quality parts. While the properties of LPBF parts are commonly superior to those made using other AM techniques, LPBF is generally limited to a single material in any given build. While LPBF can accommodate the integration of multiple components into a single part geometrically, the material limitation leads to over-designing to ensure that every component can complete their various functions. Some studies have shown potential methods of 3D composition control throughout a part, but these methods are subject to high …
Reliable Mode Tracking In Gradient-Based Optimization Frameworks With Flutter Constraints, Taylor Mcdonnell
Reliable Mode Tracking In Gradient-Based Optimization Frameworks With Flutter Constraints, Taylor Mcdonnell
Utah Space Grant Consortium
In this paper a new mode tracking method is presented which incorporates backtracking logic to maintain a high degree of confidence in mode tracking results. The effectiveness of this mode tracking method is demonstrated on linear and nonlinear aeroelastic systems of varying complexity in the context of aeroelastic analyses and optimizations with stability constraints. The high degree of confidence in mode correlations provided by the new mode tracking method allows for the creation and use of mode-specific C1 continuous stability constraints in gradient-based optimization frameworks. Using our mode tracking method in the context of a gradient-based optimization framework with …
Wake Expansion Continuation: Multi-Modality Reduction In The Wind Farm Layout Optimization Problem, Jared J. Thomas
Wake Expansion Continuation: Multi-Modality Reduction In The Wind Farm Layout Optimization Problem, Jared J. Thomas
Utah Space Grant Consortium
In this paper we present a continuation optimization method for reducing multi-modality in the wind farm layout optimization problem that we call Wake Expansion Continuation (WEC). We achieve the reduction in multi-modality by starting with an increased wake diameter while maintaining normal velocity deficits at the center of the wakes, and then reducing the wake diameter for each of a series of optimization runs until the accurate wake diameter is used. We applied and demonstrated the effectiveness of WEC with two different wake models. We tested WEC on four optimization case studies with a gradient-based optimization method and a gradient-free …
Passive Atmospheric Safety Feature For Small Molten Salt Reactors In Accident Conditions, Brent Edgerton
Passive Atmospheric Safety Feature For Small Molten Salt Reactors In Accident Conditions, Brent Edgerton
Utah Space Grant Consortium
This investigation aims to discover the utility of atmospheric cooling of residual heat in Martian applications (1.5 MWt). It also considers the possible terrestrial application (45 MWt) of these concepts. The peculiarities of atmospheric cooling require novel geometric arrangements and material selection. The average convection coefficient is derived and applied to ANSYS Transient Thermal analysis for both terrestrial and Martian environments. This preliminary analysis found that atmospheric cooling is a viable method of Martian passive cooling and may serve as a possible method in terrestrial conditions. The key finding of this investigation is that the …
Miniature Multi-Sensor Array (Mini-Msa) For Ground-To-Stratosphere Air Measurement, Phase Ii, Zachary Kennedy, Drew Huber, Huiling Renee Xie
Miniature Multi-Sensor Array (Mini-Msa) For Ground-To-Stratosphere Air Measurement, Phase Ii, Zachary Kennedy, Drew Huber, Huiling Renee Xie
Utah Space Grant Consortium
There are numerous college research groups doing high altitude ballooning and working with drones. Many of these are making air quality measurements. Those measurements are effectively random. We are designing an inexpensive and easy to build assembly that others can build for under $500 with the goal of having a uniform data set that can be compared. This will provide more useful data for atmospheric studies. Our first version had too many noise issues and the gas sensor signals were unstable. In December 2020 Winsen Sensors (China) came out with a “multi-in-one sensor module,” the ZPHS01B. At a price point …