Other Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

Evaluation Of Alternate Mouthpiece Material Types To Minimize Vibrations And Heat Loss - The Research And Execution Of Prototypes, Kristen Bobuk

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This paper is based on the idea of current horn mouthpieces being made solely out of brass with a limited market of stainless steel and titanium with plating being silver or gold. This is an opportunity to explore alternate materials; specifically steel, cast iron and aluminum for the base material and chrome, copper and nickel for plating materials. Readers will learn about metal properties such as hardness, thermal conductivity and specific heat and learn why certain materials are more beneficial than others.

Mode I Fracture Toughness Of Eight-Harness-Satin Carbon Cloth Weaves For Co-Cured And Post-Bonded Laminates, Josh E. Smith

Master's Theses

Mode I interlaminar fracture of 3k 8-Harness-Satin Carbon cloth, with identical fill and weft yarns, pre-impregnated with Newport 307 resin was investigated through the DCB test (ASTM D5528). Crack propagations along both the fill and weft yarns were considered for both post-bonded (co-bonded) and co-cured laminates. A patent-pending delamination insertion method was compared to the standard Teflon film option to assess its applicability to mode I fracture testing. The Modified Beam Theory, Compliance Calibration method, and Modified Compliance Calibration method were used for comparative purposes for these investigations and to evaluate the validity of the proposed Equivalent Stiffness (EQS) method. …

Spectroscopic, Thermal, And Physical Analysis Of The Raw Materials In Europium Doped Cesium Strontium Iodide Scintillator, Bonnie Dell Blalock

Masters Theses

Scintillators are widely used in homeland security applications that utilize gamma-ray spectroscopy. An ideal scintillator for this purpose should possess a high effective atomic number, high light yield, and good energy resolution. The scintillator CsSrI₃: Eu [cesium strontium iodide: europium], recently developed at the Scintillation Materials Research Center, has excellent properties. Recent efforts have been made to evaluate the basic thermal properties and IR spectra of the compound’s raw materials as part of a project to improve the quality of grown crystals. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of high purity anhydrous CsI [cesium iodide], SrI₂ [strontium iodide], and …

Impact Damage On A Thin Glass Plate With A Thin Polycarbonate Backing, Wenke Hu, Yenan Wang, Jian Yu, Chian-Fong Yen, Florin Bobaru

Florin Bobaru Ph.D.

We present experimental and computational results for the impact of a spherical projectile on a thin glass plate with a thin polycarbonate backing plate, restrained in a metal frame, or in the absence of the frame. We analyze the dependence of the damage patterns in the glass plate on the increasing impact velocities, from 61 m/s to 200 m/s. Experimental results are compared with those from peridynamic simulations of a simplified model. The main fracture patterns observed experimentally are captured by the peridynamic model for each of the three projectile velocities tested. More accurate implementation of the actual boundary conditions …

Investigation Of Thermal Cycle And Hardness Distribution In The Laser Cladding Of Aisi H13 Tool Steel Produced By A High Power Direct Diode Laser, Parisa Farahmand, Prabu Balu, Fanrong Kong, Radovan Kovacevic

Mechanical Engineering Research

Laser cladding (LC) of tool steel has significant application in rapid tooling, and surface coating for worn-out components in different industries. During the LC process, several phase transformations influence the microstructural and mechanical properties of the deposited layer. In order to successfully implement the LC process, it is essential to understand the relationship between the thermal cycle (heating and cooling), phase transformations, and the output quantities of the deposited layer. In this study a direct diode laser with a power of up to 8 kW was used to deposit AISI H13 tool steel on mild steel grade A36 substrate to …

Physiological Fluid Specific Agglomeration Patterns Diminish Gold Nanorod Photothermal Characteristics, Kristen K. Comfort, Jared W. Speltz, Bradley M. Stacy, Larry R. Dosser, Saber M. Hussain

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Investigations into the use of gold nanorods (Au-NRs) for biological applications are growing exponentially due to their distinctive physicochemical properties, which make them advantageous over other nanomaterials. Au-NRs are particularly renowned for their plasmonic characteristics, which generate a robust photothermal response when stimulated with light at a wavelength matching their surface plasmon resonance. Numerous reports have explored this nanophotonic phenomenon for temperature driven therapies; however, to date there is a significant knowledge gap pertaining to the kinetic heating profile of Au-NRs within a controlled physiological setting. In the present study, the impact of environmental composition on Au-NR behavior and degree …

Pulsed Laser Coating Of Bioceramic (Hap) And Niti Nanoparticles On Metallic Implants, Aayush Goswami, Gary J. Cheng

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

This research deals with increasing the biocompatibility of the bio implants which have a global market valued more than $94.1 billion . The surface of the metal alloys used for the bone implants need to be coated with bio compatible materials like HAp(Hydroxyapatite), graphene, etc. in order to promote the growth of cells(osteoblasts) on the surface of the implants. Various techniques like plasma spray coating, ion beam sputter coating, etc. have been used before to coat such materials on a substrate, however these have faced problems of coating quality. In order to perfect this coating, that is make it more …

Python-Based Simulation Tool For Kinetic Monte Carlo, Zaiwei Zhang, R. Edwin García

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Simulation tools are highly needed for testing or designing nanotechnology in university research projects.The problem in the current simulation tool used in our research, which is conducted by Prof.Garcia in MSE department at Purdue, is that users cannot observe the changing numbers of diffusivities during Vacancy Diffusion simulations between different materials. Also, there is no Graphic User Interface for the simulation tools.To solve the problem, the Virtual Kinetics of Materials Laboratory program is used to create the Graphic User Interface. Also, GTK+ toolkit has been used to create a pop-up window displaying updated diffusivities during the simulation. For user purpose, …

Electrochemical Sensing With Metal Oxides, Isabella Ramirez, Lia Stanciu, Alexandra Snyder

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

The effective sensing of hydrogen peroxide is important for a variety of reasons. It can be utilized as a diagnostic tool for diseases like asthma; also, the sensing can be utilized in pharmaceutical and food production for quality control. The use of silver oxide nanoparticles with varying morphologies has not been investigated as a sensing agent for hydrogen peroxide in the past. The particles’ properties and ability to oxidize and reduce hydrogen peroxide suggest that they will be effective to create a sensitive sensor. The silver oxide particles were prepared through chemical reduction using varying molar ratios of reactants. The …

Analyzing Hexavalent Chromium (Cr Vi)-Free Paint Systems For Sls, Maria Emma Torres

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.

The Biological Impact Of Concurrent Exposure To Metallic Nanoparticles And A Static Magnetic Field, Kristen K. Comfort, Elizabeth I. Maurer, Saber M. Hussain

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

The rapid advancement of technology has led to an exponential increase of both nanomaterial and magnetic field utilization in applications spanning a variety of sectors. While extensive work has focused on the impact of these two variables on biological systems independently, the existence of any synergistic effects following concurrent exposure has yet to be investigated. This study sought to ascertain the induced alterations to the stress and proliferation responses of the human adult low calcium, high temperature keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell line by the application of a static magnetic field (approximately 0.5 or 30 mT) in conjunction with either gold or …

Clean Hydrogen Production And Carbon Dioxide Capture Methods, Sushant Kumar

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fossil fuels constitute a significant fraction of the world’s energy demand. The burning of fossil fuels emits huge amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Therefore, the limited availability of fossil fuel resources and the environmental impact of their use require a change to alternative energy sources or carriers (such as hydrogen) in the foreseeable future. The development of methods to mitigate carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere is equally important. Hence, extensive research has been carried out on the development of cost-effective technologies for carbon dioxide capture and techniques to establish hydrogen economy.

Hydrogen is a clean energy fuel …

Synthesis Of Graphene Nanomaterials And Their Application In Electrochemical Energy Storage, Guoping Xiong

Open Access Dissertations

The need to store and use energy on diverse scales in a modern technological society necessitates the design of large and small energy systems, among which electrical energy storage systems such as batteries and capacitors have attracted much interest in the past several decades. Supercapacitors, also known as ultracapacitors, or electrochemical capacitors, with fast power delivery and long cycle life are complementing or even replacing batteries in many applications. The rapid development of miniaturized electronic devices has led to a growing need for rechargeable micro-power sources with high performance. Among different sources, electrochemical micro-capacitors or micro-supercapacitors provide higher power density …

Soil Nutrient Availability Properties Of Biochar, Nicole C. Esposito

Master's Theses

Biochar’s high porosity and negative surface charge allows for numerous soil and plant benefits such as increased water retention, high nutrient availability, and plant growth. By analysing biochar’s effect of all of these factors, a system can be put in place in which soils can be remediated with the proper soil amendments. This report discusses and tests the effects of varying rates of biochar on pH levels, cation exchange capacity, and nutrient exchangeability (of calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium) in soil. Corn plants were also grown in soils of varying amendment types and analysed for plant growth and germination to …

Metal-Assisted Etching Of Silicon Molds For Electroforming, Ralu Divan, Dan Rosenthal '14, Karim Ogando, Leonidas E. Ocola, Daniel Rosenmann, Nicolaie Moldovan

Student Publications & Research

Ordered arrays of high-aspect-ratio micro/nanostructures in semiconductors stirred a huge scientific interest due to their unique one-dimensional physical morphology and the associated electrical, mechanical, chemical, optoelectronic, and thermal properties. Metal-assisted chemical etching enables fabrication of such high aspect ratio Si nanostructures with controlled diameter, shape, length, and packing density, but suffers from structure deformation and shape inconsistency due to uncontrolled migration of noble metal structures during etching. Hereby the authors prove that a Ti adhesion layer helps in stabilizing gold structures, preventing their migration on the wafer surface while not impeding the etching. Based on this finding, the authors demonstrate …

Development Of Novel Nanomaterials For Lithium-Air And Sodium-Air Batteries, Yongliang Li

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Lithium-air and sodium-air batteries are promising energy storage systems for future smart grids and electric vehicles due to their extremely high theoretical energy densities. However, electrode material development and architecture design for cathode as well as the battery cycleability are big challenges for these batteries. This research aims at developing various novel nanomaterials with desired morphology and structure as cathode materials for lithium-air and sodium-air batteries.

For lithium-air batteries, various carbon nanostructured cathodes were developed. They include: (1) Carbon black nanoparticles were treated under ammonia and carbon dioxide/hydrogen atmospheres and the surface area, porosity, defects, nitrogen-doping, and functional groups were …

An Investigation Of Energy Migration In Rare Earth Oxyorthosilicate Scintillation Materials, Harold Edward Rothfuss

Doctoral Dissertations

In most scintillator applications, the energy resolution is an important scintillation property and is related to other scintillator properties. In order to observe how these properties relate to the energy resolution, a simulation was created to quantify most of these characteristics for a LSO:Ce scintillator. These results were validated with good agreement to experimental results. From the separable components of the simulation, an understanding of the contributions to the energy resolution broadening was developed. A thought to improve the energy resolution by improving the energy migration was tested by observing and modifying the scintillation kinetics of YSO:Ce. The scintillation kinetics …

Plasmonics Resonance Enhanced Active Photothermal Effects In Aluminum Nanoenergetics For Propulsion Applications, Jacques Abboud

Doctoral Dissertations

In this dissertation, aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs) are shown capable to on-demand enhance and control the local photothermal energy deposition, both spatially and temporally, via active photothermal effects initiated by the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon, and amplified by the Al exothermal oxidation reactions. Experiments in dry and wet environments along with computational modeling of the photothermal process are very desirable for gaining fundamental understanding, ignition optimization and parameter exploration.

Combined phenomena of motion and ignition of Al NPs are explored first in this study. Both resulting from exposing a pile of the nanoenergetics in hand to a single …

C-Ring Contaminate Identification By Spectroscopy And Elemental Mapping, Thien Q. Vu-Nguyen, Bernice Mills

STAR Program Research Presentations

A silver plated steel c-ring used to seal two steel pieces together was found to have contamination upon disassembly. Auger and x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and mapping were used to identify the contaminate as molybdenum disulfide lubricant. Recommendations were made to avoid such contamination in the future.

Hfco7-Based Rare-Earth-Free Permanent-Magnet Alloys, Bhaskar Das

B. Das

This study presents the structural and magnetic properties of melt-spun HfCo7,HfCo7-xFex (0.25 ≤ × ≤ 1) and HfCo7Six(0.2 ≤ × ≤1.2) alloys. Appreciable permanent-magnet properties with a magnetocrystalline anisotropy of about 9.6-16.5 Mergs/cm3, a magnetic polarization Js ≈ 7.2-10.6 kG, and coercivities Hc = 0.5-3.0 kOe were obtained by varying the composition of these alloys. Structural analysis reveals that the positions of x-ray diffraction peaks of HfCo7 show good agreement with those corresponding to an orthorhombic structure having lattice parameters of about α = 4.719 Å, b = 4.278 Å, and c = 8.070 Å. Based on these results, a …

Materials Education And Research In Art And Design: A New Role For Libraries (Website), Mark Pompelia

Materials Education and Research in Art and Design: A New Role for Libraries

No abstract provided.

Materials Education And Research In Art And Design: A New Role For Libraries (Program Sheet), Mark Pompelia

Materials Education and Research in Art and Design: A New Role for Libraries

No abstract provided.

Materials Education And Research In Art And Design: A New Role For Libraries (Program Booklet), Mark Pompelia

Materials Education and Research in Art and Design: A New Role for Libraries

No abstract provided.

Materials Education And Research In Art And Design: A New Role For Libraries (Survey Stats), Mark Pompelia

Materials Education and Research in Art and Design: A New Role for Libraries

No abstract provided.

Materials Collection Creation And Administration: A New Role For Libraries (White Paper), Mark Pompelia

Materials Education and Research in Art and Design: A New Role for Libraries

The Problem/Opportunity: To define, identify, and guide design-based materials collections in academic settings and foster community among those with existing collections and/or those considering creating and supporting one.

Contents and topics:

1. What is a materials collection?
2. Why have a materials collection?
3. Acquisition strategies
4. Organizational approaches
5. Programming possibilities
6. Symposium summary
7. Resources

Low Velocity Impact Tower Feasibility, Setup, And Impact Testing Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Thermoset And Peek Thermoplastic Matrix Composites, Brent Plehn

Materials Engineering

A low velocity impact tower was donated to Cal Poly's Materials Engineering Department along with four fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites. The tower was set up in building 192 in the Mechanical Testing Laboratory. Improvements were made to the tower including adding velocity detection capabilities, making loose hardware inclusive, adding an extra tower arm for better consistency, adding a double jawed clamp for faster testing, and rerouting the tower's compressed air system to improve performance. A standard operating procedure was drafted, tested, and redrafted for impact testing composite panels. The four composite panels consisted of two quasi-isotropic 16 ply AS-1 …

Analyzing The Flexural Properties Of Self-Constructed Bamboo Laminates, Brett Dorren

Materials Engineering

Bamboo plies of 1/8" and 1/32" thicknesses were glued together to form multiple unidirectional and cross-ply laminates that measured 12" by 12". The thickness of each laminate was between 0.25" and 0.375". All laminates were pressed together with a Tetrahedron MTP-10 bench top precision press at 75°F and 1000 lb_f for 40 minutes. Laminates were then cut with a band-saw into four 3" by 12" test specimens, 24 hours after pressing. Each test specimen was three-point bend tested to identify the modulus of rupture (MOR) and apparent bending stiffness. Three-point bend testing was also performed on laminates that were …

Evaluation Of High Phosphorus Electroless Nickel Platings To Protect Carbon Steel Heat Exchangers In Seawater Service, Nathan Brink

Materials Engineering

The purpose of this project was to determine the suitability of using a high phosphorus electroless nickel (HPEN) coating to prevent corrosion in carbon steel heat exchangers in seawater service. 1 in. x 4 in. samples were cut from ¼ in. SA-516-70 pressure vessel plate, pickled to remove mill scale, dressed with 300 grit sand paper and sent out for plating with 2 mils of HPEN. Due to a clerical error during plating, samples were plated to a significantly lesser extent than requested. Samples were plated with approximately 0.6 mils of HPEN versus the 2 mils requested, however this was …

Measuring The Mechanical Properties Of A Newly Developed Discontinuous Carbon Fiber And Epoxy Composite, Morgan Adams

Materials Engineering

Engineering firm Pratt & Miller have developed a new and previously untested carbon fiber/epoxy composite using a spray lay-up process similar to a process commonly used in fiberglass production. This new composite is made by using a pneumatic chop gun that simultaneously cuts the carbon fibers to a specific length and deposits the chopped fibers and resin onto surface of an exposed mold surface. The composite is then rolled down to flatten and better wet the fibers and then the whole mold is vacuum bagged at room temperature to cure. The flexural stiffness and flexural strength of the composite with …

Tensile Properties Of Adhesive Joints Between Alclad 2024-T3 Aluminum Sheets And Extruded 6061-T6511 Aluminum For Use In Ultralight Personal Aircraft, Kevin Jones

Materials Engineering

Cold cure two-part epoxy adhesives were tested in aluminum joints to investigate their viability for use in an ultralight aircraft. The joints consisted of Alclad 2024-T3 aluminum sheets adhesively bonded to extruded 6061-T6511 aluminum, and are part of low-load-bearing members required to carry a minimum load of 175 lbs./ft. or 14.58 lbs./in. The Alclad 2024-T3 and 6061-T6511 aluminum were prepared by sanding with 80 grit abrasive paper, the surface was cleaned with acetone to remove surface contaminants, rinsed with distilled water, and dried using paper towels. Once the surface was prepared, the test coupons were assembled using one of the …