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Full-Text Articles in Electrical and Computer Engineering
Reconfigurable Array Control Via Convolutional Neural Networks, Garrett A. Harris
Reconfigurable Array Control Via Convolutional Neural Networks, Garrett A. Harris
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A method for the beam forming control of an array of reconfigurable antennas is presented. The method consists of using two parallel convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to analyze a desired radiation pattern image, or mask, and provide a suggestion for the reconfigurable element state, array shape, and steering weights necessary to obtain the radiation pattern. This research compares beam forming systems designed for three distinct element types: a patch antenna, a reconfigurable square spiral antenna restricted to a single reconfigurable state, and the fully reconfigurable square spiral. The parametric sweeps for the design of the CNNs are presented along with …
Amygdala Modeling With Context And Motivation Using Spiking Neural Networks For Robotics Applications, Matthew Aaron Zeglen
Amygdala Modeling With Context And Motivation Using Spiking Neural Networks For Robotics Applications, Matthew Aaron Zeglen
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Cognitive capabilities for robotic applications are furthered by developing an artificial amygdala that mimics biology. The amygdala portion of the brain is commonly understood to control mood and behavior based upon sensory inputs, motivation, and context. This research builds upon prior work in creating artificial intelligence for robotics which focused on mood-generated actions. However, recent amygdala research suggests a void in greater functionality. This work developed a computational model of an amygdala, integrated this model into a robot model, and developed a comprehensive integration of the robot for simulation, and live embodiment. The developed amygdala, instantiated in the Nengo Brain …
Fault-Tolerant Control Of Autonomous Ground Vehicle Under Actuator And Sensor, Vaishnavi Janakiraman
Fault-Tolerant Control Of Autonomous Ground Vehicle Under Actuator And Sensor, Vaishnavi Janakiraman
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Unmanned ground vehicles have a wide range of potential applications including autonomous driving, military surveillance, emergency responses, and agricultural robotics, etc. Since such autonomous vehicles need to operate reliably at all times, despite the possible occurrence of faulty behaviors in some system components, the development of fault-tolerant control schemes is a crucial step in ensuring reliable and safe operations. In this research, a fault-tolerant control scheme is developed for a nonlinear ground vehicle model with possible occurrence of both actuator faults in the form of loss of effectiveness (LOE) and sensor bias faults. Based on the vehicle and fault models …
The Theory And Design Of Class E Power Amplifiers For Impulse Excitation In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Owen D. Riemer
The Theory And Design Of Class E Power Amplifiers For Impulse Excitation In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Owen D. Riemer
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A new method for analyzing the effectiveness of NMR impulse power amplifiers was developed using a classical linear systems approach to NMR. The method demonstrates a way to compare NMR power amplifiers and outputs. Thermodynamic calculations and the harmonic content of NMR amplifiers is presented to provide a complete description of the NMR power amplifier design problem. A design procedure for class E NMR power amplifiers with a pi-impedance matching network is outlined for matching the amplifier to the transmitter coil. The thesis concludes with the presentation of a 53 MHz power amplifier developed with the procedure. The complete amplifier …
Interferometry Analysis Method For Colliding Plasma Generated With Exploded Wires, Michael D. Gruesbeck
Interferometry Analysis Method For Colliding Plasma Generated With Exploded Wires, Michael D. Gruesbeck
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Building upon recent work to estimate electron and ion densities from paired interferograms, the current work develops a model for the 2D interference phase function. Unlike the previous work that only estimated a radial plasma profile from images of a singly exploded straight Cu wire, we estimate 2D properties from a colliding plasma generated from two simultaneously exploded wires. First, a 2D phase model is proposed for the interference patterns of the images taken at 1064 nm and 532 nm. Then, the model parameters are estimated using Fourier analysis. Secondly, the plasma region in each image is partitioned into subregions …
Hardware Security And Side Channel Power Analysis For 16x16 Booth Multiplier In 65nm Cmos Technology, Kanchan Vissamsetty
Hardware Security And Side Channel Power Analysis For 16x16 Booth Multiplier In 65nm Cmos Technology, Kanchan Vissamsetty
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As feature size is scaling down, dynamic power consumption reduces but static power consumption increases. Due to the increase of static power, leakage currents as a source, the information can be exploited successfully as a side-channel to recover the secrets of the cryptographic implementations. An attacker who has access to the hardware fabrication can insert a Trojan to the design to steal or alter information. In this thesis, a post-fab static voltage variation/detection technique is developed to detect the potential fabrication process Trojan insertion. The technique is, dividing the designed circuit into N equal segments, where each segment would have …
Reconfigurable Antenna Array Using The Pin-Diode-Switched Printed Square Spiral Element, Corey M. Stamper
Reconfigurable Antenna Array Using The Pin-Diode-Switched Printed Square Spiral Element, Corey M. Stamper
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A dual-band array of reconfigurable elements is modeled and simulated. The array consists of four single square spiral microstrip antennas that are corporately fed and are used as a unit cell. The single square spiral uses two PIN diodes as switching elements to achieve reconfiguration. The array has four switch states that can operate over four discrete frequencies in the S and C bands. The unit cell radiation pattern is used with the pattern multiplication model to quickly simulate the array pattern of larger arrays. A 3 x 3 array of the unit cells is modeled with only the center …
Design And Simulation Of Boost Dc - Dc Pulse Width Modulator (Pwm) Feed-Forward Control Converter, Calenia L. Franklin
Design And Simulation Of Boost Dc - Dc Pulse Width Modulator (Pwm) Feed-Forward Control Converter, Calenia L. Franklin
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Military aircraft systems’ power losses are occurring during the loading operations; loading and unloading causes the aircraft systems to lose power. The primary aircraft power source is provided by a 400Hz Ground Power Units (GPU). This GPU provides power to interior lighting, the aircraft cargo compartment, and other electrical systems (i.e. bus). The issues are during loading and unloading on the aircraft, which causes dropout of aircraft power supplied by the external 400Hz GPU. The majority of the military aircraft require a high voltage and a high current with a 270V power output. This thesis analyzes using Feed-Forward PWM Boost …
Mitigating Atmospheric Phase Errors In Sal Data, Randy S. Depoy Jr.
Mitigating Atmospheric Phase Errors In Sal Data, Randy S. Depoy Jr.
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Synthetic aperture ladar (SAL) is an emerging remote sensing technology capable of providing high-resolution, interpretable, and timely imagery. SAL and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) are similar in that they provide high-resolution imagery suitable for a wide-variety of applications beyond the diffraction limit of the real aperture. Several advantages of SAL are; realistic imagery resulting from diffuse scattering of optically-rough objects, fine directionality of laser beam making the technology inherently low probability-of-detect, and shorter synthetic aperture collection times, all of which result from operating at optical as opposed to RF wavelengths. With the dramatic decrease in wavelength, SAL systems become more …
Comparing Rf Fingerprinting Performance Of Hobbyist And Commercial-Grade Sdrs, Travis R. Smith
Comparing Rf Fingerprinting Performance Of Hobbyist And Commercial-Grade Sdrs, Travis R. Smith
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Radio Frequency Fingerprinting (RFF) research typically uses expensive, laboratory grade receivers which have high dynamic range, very stable oscillators, large instantaneous bandwidth, multi-rate sampling, etc. In this study, the RFF effectiveness of lower grade receivers is considered. Using software-defined radios (SDRs) of different cost and performance, a linear regression model is developed to predict RFF performance. Unlike two previous studies of SDR effectiveness that used commercial and lab-grade SDRs, the experiment here focused on hobbyist and commercial-grade SDRs (RTL-SDR, B200-mini, N210). A regression model is proposed for a generic SDR. Using a full-factorial experiment matrix, the gain, sample rate, and …
The Steady-State Analysis Of The Non-Isolated And Isolated Type Sepic Pwm Dc-Dc Converters For Ccm, Anuroop Reddy Dasari
The Steady-State Analysis Of The Non-Isolated And Isolated Type Sepic Pwm Dc-Dc Converters For Ccm, Anuroop Reddy Dasari
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The purpose of this thesis is to develop the theory for analysing and designing the non-isolated and isolated type of SEPIC converters for continuous conduction mode (CCM). The non-isolated converter has single output. The isolated converter considered has two cases: single output and multi-output. The principle of operation of each circuit is explained during different time intervals of the switching cycle. The analytical expressions for various characteristics of the circuits are derived, such as: MV DC and MIDC of the lossless and lossy converter; average and peak-to-peak currents through the inductors, primary and secondary windings of the transformer; average and …
Logistic Function Based Nonlinear Modeling And Circuit Analysis Of The Bipolar Vacancy Migration Memristor, Isaac P. Abraham
Logistic Function Based Nonlinear Modeling And Circuit Analysis Of The Bipolar Vacancy Migration Memristor, Isaac P. Abraham
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Memristor is an acronym for memory resistor. Memristors promise to be building blocks for high density memory and analog computation. Hewlett Packard’s announcement in 2008 of having fabricated a memristor on an integrated circuit scale has created a tangible excitement in this field. Understanding and exploiting the full potential of these devices requires good compact models. Symbolic modeling provides a balance between achieving accurate empirical fit and generating closed form expressions. This dissertation simplifies the transport equation into a variable coefficient advection equation, very similar to a Burgers’ equation traditionally used in fluid dynamics. The Burgers’-like model reveals the dual …
Analytical Approach To Multi-Objective Joint Inference Control For Fixed Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Julian L. Casey
Analytical Approach To Multi-Objective Joint Inference Control For Fixed Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Julian L. Casey
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Fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have been found highly useful in various environments, including military and law enforcement. With the increased use of fixed-wing UAVs, there becomes an increased need to optimize the resources available. One approach to resource management is to create multi-objective flights. This thesis presents the design, analysis, and experimental implementation of multi-objective resource management for the resource of Range, distance available to the UAV, from the viewpoint of Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR). First, a Simulation Environment is created capable of tracking multiple fixed-wing UAVs and to allow for the UAVs’ being controlled by an externally …
Quadrotor Uav Flight Control With Integrated Mapping And Path Planning Capabilities, Jason A. Gauthier
Quadrotor Uav Flight Control With Integrated Mapping And Path Planning Capabilities, Jason A. Gauthier
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Quadrotor UAVs have become a common and easily acquirable hardware platform for research and development with control laws, mapping systems, and path planning. In this research, a non-linear model of a quadrotor UAV is linearized with model parameters being identified using collected flight data. The PID, LQR, and backstepping control laws are implemented. An adaptive control law is also implemented to handle the loss of effectiveness in motor actuation. Additionally, this research also implements a laser-based SLAM algorithm for mapping and localization in an unknown two-dimensional environment. Path planning and obstacle avoidance algorithms are implemented onboard using the Robot Operating …
Online Clustering With Bayesian Nonparametrics, Matthew D. Scherreik
Online Clustering With Bayesian Nonparametrics, Matthew D. Scherreik
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Clustering algorithms, such as Gaussian mixture models and K-means, often require the number of clusters to be specified a priori. Bayesian nonparametric (BNP) methods avoid this problem by specifying a prior distribution over the cluster assignments that allows the number of clusters to be inferred from the data. This can be especially useful for online clustering tasks, where data arrives in a continuous stream and the number of clusters may dynamically change over time. Classical BNP priors often overestimate the number of clusters, however, leading researchers to develop new priors with more control over this tendency. To date, BNP algorithms …
Tapped-Inductor Buck Dc-Dc Converter, Ankit Chadha
Tapped-Inductor Buck Dc-Dc Converter, Ankit Chadha
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There is a high demand for low step-down dc voltage conversions. Many conventional power converters that are currently being used have a moderate conversion ratio and this may not be sufficient to meet the demand. This can be achieved by either cascading power converters or using converters with a low step-down conversion ratio. Cascading the converters increases the power conversion stage complexity and increase the order of the system, while also affecting the stability. Using converters with a high conversion ratio seems to be a more intelligent option to root. This dissertation tackles to analyze one such converter, called tapped-inductor …
High Security Cognitive Radio Network Via Instantaneous Channel Information, Kaiyu Huang
High Security Cognitive Radio Network Via Instantaneous Channel Information, Kaiyu Huang
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The cognitive radio network has been considered one of the most promising communication technologies for next generation wireless communication. One important aspect of cognitive radio network research is the so-called Primary User Authentication. Naturally, the primary user authentication in the cognitive radio network requires strong encryption. For the primary user identification, this dissertation provides a method which hides the user information in the header of the data frames with an underlay waveform. It is important to note that the underlay waveform will not bring redundancy data to the communication system. Using the synchronizing frequency as the underlay waveform carrier also …
Digital Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Receiver For Fine Frequency And High Sensitivity, Bilal Khudhur Abdulhammed Abdulhamed
Digital Instantaneous Frequency Measurement Receiver For Fine Frequency And High Sensitivity, Bilal Khudhur Abdulhammed Abdulhamed
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Wideband technology has been applied to many wide bandwidth applications when there is a need to send much different information in a short time from one point and received from another point in high precision and accuracy. A wideband receiver reports a signal without tuning if the signal is within the input bandwidth. The analog Instantaneous Frequency Measurement (IFM) receiver has been used for decades to cover a very wide input bandwidth and report one accurate frequency on a short pulse at a time. The digital IFM use a high sampling rate ADC to operate in a wide bandwidth, Hilbert …
Fault-Tolerant Mapping And Localization For Quadrotor Uav, Maximillian Andrew Gilson
Fault-Tolerant Mapping And Localization For Quadrotor Uav, Maximillian Andrew Gilson
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This research aims to accomplish three main tasks for a quadrotor UAV with mapping and navigation capabilities. Firstly, a Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) system is developed utilizing a laser rangefinder an open source SLAM algorithm called GMapping. This system allows for mapping of the surrounding environment as well as localizing the position of the quadrotor, enabling position control. Secondly, several path planning algorithms were implemented and evaluated. This allows the quadrotor to navigate through the environment even in the presence of obstacles. Lastly, to compensate for possible faults in the SLAM measurements, a fault-tolerant control method is developed. Real-time …
Multifunctional Oxide Heterostructures For Next-Generation Tunable Rf/Microwave Electronics, Hyung Min Jeon
Multifunctional Oxide Heterostructures For Next-Generation Tunable Rf/Microwave Electronics, Hyung Min Jeon
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Recent advanced radio frequency (RF) microwave device demands for low power consumption, light weight, compact package, and high performance. To achieve the high performance, applying magnetic materials is becoming indispensable in many of those devices. Thus, the role of magnetism in those devices is important high-quality magnetic materials not only improves the performance of microwave devices but also opens opportunities in developing novel concepts of devices utilizing spin wave excitation, non-reciprocal wave propagation, and the electromagnetic coupling in multiferroic materials. Among all the others, manipulating magnetic properties in multiferroic material started a couple years ago. Multiferroic materials are a group …
Exploring Two-Dimensional Graphene And Silicene In Digital And Rf Applications, Zhonghang Ji
Exploring Two-Dimensional Graphene And Silicene In Digital And Rf Applications, Zhonghang Ji
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Since the discovery of graphene, two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted intensive interests in the past 15 years and there has been a growing interest in exploring new materials beyond graphene, such as silicene, germanene, etc. Numerous papers have been published to demonstrate their extraordinary electronic, optical, biological, and thermal properties which render broad applications in various fields. However, the absence of band gap in graphene and silicene prohibits their uses in digital applications. This dissertation reviews recent progress on band gap opening based on mono- and bi- layer silicene and presents a new silicon atomic structure which exhibits a 0.17 …
A Graphene/Rf Gas Sensor, Kathleen Louise Brockdorf
A Graphene/Rf Gas Sensor, Kathleen Louise Brockdorf
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Toxic chemicals have been used as chemical warfare agents since ancient times, but World War 1 saw the beginning of modern chemical proliferation. There are many methods of detecting these agents, but the combination of high sensitivity, specificity, fast response, and small form factor is difficult to achieve. More recently, graphene has been identified as a possible sensing material for ammonia and other substances. This research documents a novel method of using graphene as a chemical sensor, utilizing a radio-frequency approach to sensing. This approach utilizes all available information from the material, such as permittivity and conductivity, instead of simply …
Mixed Signal Detection, Estimation, And Modulation Classification, Yang Qu
Mixed Signal Detection, Estimation, And Modulation Classification, Yang Qu
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Signal detection, parameter estimation and modulation classification are widely applied to many areas and plays a very important role in civilian and military, such as bio-science, criminal psychology, communication engineering, radar system, electronic warfare and so on. In the civilian field, with the increasing number of wireless electronic devices and higher transmission data rate demand, the problem of spectrum congestion becomes more and more highlighted and urgent. In recent years, wireless industry has shown great interest in Cognitive Radio (CR) and Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) network, whose primary function is to use limited frequency bands to transmit own signals without …
Cmos Receiver Design For 802.11ac Standard Using Offline Calibrated Active Inductor Based Band Pass Filter In 90 Nm Technology, Shuo Li
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Wireless local area network is widely used in industry and people daily life. More and more mobile devices rely on this technology to perform data communication with 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency band. As the development of CMOS technology is able to keep shrinking chip size and increasing circuit integration density, traditional on-chip passive inductor inefficient area consumption issue is becoming critical to receiver front end system design. In this dissertation, an active inductor-based band pass filter is studied and implemented with 90 nm technology. This active inductor design provides very small area consumption and larger quality factor compared …
Design Of An Ultra-Wideband Microstrip Antenna Array With Low Size, Weight And Power, Paul Staffan
Design Of An Ultra-Wideband Microstrip Antenna Array With Low Size, Weight And Power, Paul Staffan
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This study focuses on the use of microstrip antenna technology for designing an ultra-wideband antenna to meet low size, weight and power requirements. Based on the recent literature for such antennas, a quasi-log periodic microstrip antenna array is designed to operate from 8 to 40 GHz (radar bands X, Ku, K and Ka). The array consists of 33 co-linear, inset-fed, square patches on a Roger’s Duroid substrate, and is modeled using the Advanced Design System software from Keysight. The simulated results show the antenna has pass-band gains greater than 5 dB, a half-power beamwidth of 30 degrees, and linear polarization …
Stability Analysis Of Leg Configurations For Bipedal Running, Nitin Jaiswal
Stability Analysis Of Leg Configurations For Bipedal Running, Nitin Jaiswal
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A legged robot with three-segmented limbs is used to study the effects of leg compliance originating from the joint level on the stability of hopping in place and running. The three-segments allow each leg to be kinematically configured an infinite number ways that satisfy the desired landing condition parameters, total leg length and angle. These two parameters along with the amount of energy thrust during stance determine the motion of the system during a single stride. The goal of this work is to explore the potential values for the leg parameters of three-segment leg, that provide additional stability when compared …
A Low-Area, Energy-Efficient 64-Bit Reconfigurable Carry Select Modified Tree-Based Adder For Media Signal Processing, Priscilla Sharon Allwin
A Low-Area, Energy-Efficient 64-Bit Reconfigurable Carry Select Modified Tree-Based Adder For Media Signal Processing, Priscilla Sharon Allwin
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Multimedia systems play an essential part in our daily lives and have drastically improved the quality of life over time. Multimedia devices like cellphones, radios, televisions, and computers require low-area and low-power reconfigurable adders to process greedy computation algorithms for the real-time audio/video signal and image processing such as discrete cosine transform, inverse discrete cosine transform, and fast Fourier transform, etc. In this thesis, a novel 64-bit reconfigurable adder is proposed and implemented to reduce the area and power consumption. This adder can be run-time reconfigured to different reconfigurable word lengths, i.e., one 64- bit, two 32-bits, four 16-bits or …
10-Bit C2c Dac Design In 65nm Cmos Technology, Jeevani Kommareddy
10-Bit C2c Dac Design In 65nm Cmos Technology, Jeevani Kommareddy
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Many wired and wireless communication systems require high-speed and high-performance data converters. These data converters act as bridge between digital signal processing blocks and power amplifiers. However, these data converters have been the bottleneck in the communication systems. This thesis presents the design of a 10-bit C2C digital to analog converter (DAC) for high resolution, wide bandwidth and low power consumption applications. The DAC is implemented in CMOS 65nm technology. The SFDR of this C2C DAC is 71.95dB at 500MHz input frequency and consumes 88.14µW of power with ENOB as 11.65 with 1.0GHz sample frequency with 0.31LSB of INL and …
Configurable Frequency And Voltage Three Phase Power Supply, Donald Danko
Configurable Frequency And Voltage Three Phase Power Supply, Donald Danko
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The student's employer is in need of a three phase power supply which can supply a 400Hz signal at +/- 28V at 2A. The input to the power supply is +24VDC at an unspecified current. The student's solution is a configurable frequency and voltage power supply. The student chose to utilize a full bridge DC to DC converter topology. A microcontroller was used for supplying pulse width modulated waveforms, performing analog to digital conversions, and controlling a digital to analog converter. The circuit was modeled using Matlab and tested after being manufactured to confirm proper functionality. The configurable three phase …
Two Player Zero Sum Multi-Stage Game Analysis Using Coevolutionary Algorithm, Sumedh Sopan Nagrale
Two Player Zero Sum Multi-Stage Game Analysis Using Coevolutionary Algorithm, Sumedh Sopan Nagrale
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A New Two player zero sum multistage simultaneous Game has been developed from a real-life situation of dispute between two individual. Research identifies a multistage game as a multi-objective optimization problem and solves it using Coevolutionary algorithm which converges to a solution from pareto optimal solution. A comparison is done between individual stage behaviour and multistage behaviour. Further, simulations over a range for Crossover rate, Mutation rate and Number of interaction is done to narrow down the range for a range with optimal computation speed. A relationship has been observed which identifies a relationship between population size, number of interactions, …