Computer Engineering Commons^™

Adaptive Methods For Distributed Video Presentation, Crispin Cowan, Shanwei Cen, Jonathan Walpole, Carlton Pu

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper describes problems and solutions for delivering real-time, multi-media presentations across the Internet. A key characteristic of presentations of continuous media datatypes, such as digital video and audio, is their need for predictable real-time data delivery. For example, an NTSC quality video presentation requires video frames to be displayed every 1/30th of a second. Variations in this display rate can be observable as stalls or glitches in the video stream and reduce the quality of the presentation [6]. Delivering such presentations across the Internet is difficult because highly variable band- width and latency make it difficult to predict the …

Aliasing Reduction In Staring Infrared Imagers Utilizing Subpixel Techniques, Joseph C. Gillette, Thomas M. Stadtmiller, Russell C. Hardie

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We introduce and analyze techniques for the reduction of aliased signal energy in a staring infrared imaging system. A standard staring system uses a fixed two-dimensional detector array that corresponds to a fixed spatial sampling frequency determined by the detector pitch or spacing. Aliasing will occur when sampling a scene containing spatial frequencies exceeding half the sampling frequency. This aliasing can significantly degrade the image quality. The aliasing reduction schemes presented here, referred to as microscanning, exploit subpixel shifts between time frames of an image sequence. These multiple images are used to reconstruct a single frame with reduced aliasing. If …

Quality Of Service Specification For Multimedia Presentations, Richard Staehli, Jonathan Walpole, David Maier

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The bandwidth limitations of multimedia systems force tradeoffs between presentation data fidelity and real-time performance. For example, digital video is commonly encoded with lossy compression to reduce bandwidth and frames may be skipped during playback to maintain synchronization. These tradeoffs depend on device performance and physical data representations that are hidden by a database system. If a multimedia database is to support digital video and other continuous media data types, we argue that the database should provide a Quality of Service (QOS) interface to allow application control of presentation timing and information loss tradeoffs.

This paper proposes a data model …

Customizable Operating Systems, Jonathan Walpole, Crispin Cowan, Andrew P. Black, Jon Inouye, Calton Pu, Shanwei Cen

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

A customizable operating system is one that can adapt to improve its functionality or performance. The need for customizable and application-specific operating systems has been recognized for many years, but they have yet to appear in the commercial market. This paper explores the notion of operating system customizability and examines the limits of existing approaches. The paper begins by surveying system structuring approaches for the safe and efficient execution of customizable operating systems. Then it discusses the burden that existing approaches impose on application software, and explores techniques for reducing this burden. Finally, support for customizability in the Synthetix project …

Device And Physical Data Independence For Multimedia Presentations, Richard Staehli, Jonathan Walpole, David Maier

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Multimedia computing promises access to any type of visual or aural medium on the desktop. But in this networked future, will every type of media be accessible from every terminal device? Current multimedia standards do not allow content that is authored for high-bandwidth workstations to scale down for low-bandwidth applications. The problem is that application requests are commonly interpreted as requests for the highest possible quality and resource overloads are handled by ad hoc methods. We can begin to solve this problem by specifying Quality of Service (QOS) requirements based on functionality rather than on content encoding and device capabilities.

Device And Physical Data Independence For Multimedia Presentations, Richard Staehli, Jonathan Walpole, David Maier

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Multimedia computing promises access to any type of visual or aural medium on the desktop. But in this networked future, will every type of media be accessible from every terminal device? Current multimedia standards do not allow content that is authored for high-bandwidth workstations to scale down for low-bandwidth applications. The problem is that application requests are commonly interpreted as requests for the highest possible quality and resource overloads are handled by ad hoc methods. We can begin to solve this problem by specifying Quality of Service (QOS) requirements based on functionality rather than on content encoding and device capabilities.

Safe Stratified Datalog With Integer Order Programs, Peter Revesz

CSE Conference and Workshop Papers

Guaranteeing termination of programs on all valid inputs is important for database applications. Termination cannot be guaranteed in Stratified Datalog with integer (gap)-order programs on generalized databases because they express any Turing-computable function. This paper introduces a restriction of those programs that can express only computable queries. The restricted language has a high expressive power and a non-elementary data complexity.

Teaching Upper Level Computer Science Courses Via Virtual Classroom And Video : Course Reports By Faculty, Computerized Conferencing & Communications Center, Starr Roxanne Hiltz, Julian M. Scher, Michael Bieber, Murray Turoff

Computerized Conferencing and Communications Center Reports

New Jersey Institute of Technology is the grateful recipient of a generous grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation which has enabled it to explore the use of asynchronous learning networks to create and deliver an entire undergraduate degree program in computer and information science. Each of these courses uses some amount of lecture-type material delivered via videotape. These materials are usually available to students in three different ways: by viewing broadcasts on a New Jersey cable station, by renting the set of videotapes, or by viewing in a special room in the library. Videotapes for distance learning are not …

Teaching Lower Level Computer Science Courses Via Virtual Classroom And Video : Course Reports By Faculty, Computerized Conferencing & Communications Center, Starr Roxanne Hiltz, Fadi Deek, Maura Deek, James Geller, Ajaz R. Rana

Computerized Conferencing and Communications Center Reports

New Jersey Institute of Technology is the grateful recipient of a generous grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation which has enabled it to explore the use of asynchronous learning networks to create and deliver an entire undergraduate degree program in computer and information science. Each of these courses uses some amount of lecture-type material delivered via videotape. These materials are usually available to students in three different ways: by viewing broadcasts on a New Jersey cable station, by renting the set of videotapes, or by viewing in a special room in the library. Videotapes for distance learning are not …

Broadband Dynamic, Holographically Self-Recorded, And Static Hexagonal Scattering Patterns In Photorefractive Knbo3:Fe, Nickolai Kukhtarev, Tatiana V. Kukhtareva, John Caulfield, Partha P. Banerjee, Hsueh-Ling Yu, Lambertus Hesselink

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We have observed and explained three types of hexagon pattern formation in photo refractive crystal KNb03:Fe. These are:

• Dynamic (laser induced)
• Semipermanent (holographically stored)
• Permanent (induced by a static domain grid) over a wide wavelength range

Guest Editorial: Special Section On Photorefractive Nonlinear Optics, Partha P. Banerjee

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Hand in hand with experimental work in photorefractives, there is a lot of activity in modeling photorefractive materials and experimental observations in the open literature. This special section contains a paper by Banerjee and Jarem, who use a rigorous coupled wave theory to analyze two- and multiple-wave mixing photorefractive barium titanate, modeled through the Kukhtarev equations.

Comparison Of Time-Domain Reflectometry Performance Factors For Several Dielectric Geometries: Theory And Experiments, S. V. Maheshwarla, R. Venkatasubramanian, Robert F. Boehm

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

We propose three nontraditional dielectric geometries and present an experimental and theoretical analysis and comparison of time domain reflectometry (TDR) performances for them. The traditional geometry (the probes inserted in material of essentially infinite extent) is compared to three nontraditional geometries where the probes are affixed outside of a core sample, inside of a bore, or flat on the surface of a semi-infinite solid. Our derivation relates the velocity of electromagnetic wave propagation to the complex permittivities and permeabilities of the media and the geometry for the three nontraditional configurations. Experimental results for air, styrofoam, dry sand, wet sand of …

Transient Wave Mixing And Recording Kinetics In Photorefractive Barium Titanate: A Nonlinear Coupled Mode Approach, Partha P. Banerjee, John M. Jarem

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

By using rigorous coupled-wave diffraction theory along with a time-dependent nonlinear formulation, we analyze two- and multiplewave coupling and the grating kinetics in BaTi03 with different boundary interfaces. Efffects of electrostatic and optical anisotropy have been included in the analysis. Significant mode conversion to higher orders is observed only when the boundary interfaces are highly mismatched.

Upgrading A Cd-Rom Network For Multimedia Applications, Margaret Sylvia

Faculty Publications

Checking the servers, PCs, and network connections for bottlenecks in serving multimedia across the network are steps that will alleviate speed and connectivity issues for users.

Navigation Satellite Selection Using Neural Networks, Daniel J. Simon, Hossny El-Sherief

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The application of neural networks to optimal satellite subset selection for navigation use is discussed. The methods presented in this paper are general enough to be applicable regardless of how many satellite signals are being processed by the receiver. The optimal satellite subset is chosen by minimizing a quantity known as Geometric Dilution of Precision (GDOP), which is given by the trace of the inverse of the measurement matrix. An artificial neural network learns the functional relationships between the entries of a measurement matrix and the eigenvalues of its inverse, and thus generates GDOP without inverting a matrix. Simulation results …

Mpvm: A Migration Transparent Version Of Pvm, Jeremy Casas, Dan Clark, Ravi Konuru, Steve Otto, Robert Prouty, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) is a widely-used software system that allows a heterogeneous set of parallel and serial UNIX-based computers to be programmed as a single message-passing parallel machine, In this paper, an extension to PVM to support dynamic process migration is presented. Support for migration is important in general-purpose workstation environments since it allows parallel computations to co-exist with other applications, using idle-cycles as they become available and off-loading from workstations when they are no longer free. A description and evaluation of the design and implementation of the prototype Migratable PVM system is presented together with some performance results.

Novel Kalman Filtering Method For The Suppression Of Gyroscope Noise Effects In Pointing And Tracking Systems, Marcelo C. Aigrain

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

A primary cause of degraded performance in pointing and tracking systems is the jitter in the line of sight. This jitter is caused by the residual angular motion of the stabilized platform within the system. A major contributor to this residual motion is the gyroscope noise. Thus, to reduce angular jitter, lower-noise gyroscopes are selected, generally at a premium cost. Another approach is to enhance the accuracy of the gyroscopes electronically (by suppressing measurement noise) before their outputs are fed into the stabilized platform control system. Optimal filtering techniques can be used for this purpose. The goal is to estimate …

Study Of The Subjet Structure Of Quark And Gluon Jets, D. Buskulic, D., M. Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Measurements of the subjet structure of quark and gluon jets in hadronic Z decays are presented. The analysis is based on one million hadronic events recorded by the Aleph detector. Roughly symmetric three-jet events are selected with a coarse jet-resolution cut-off, y1. Gluon jets are identified with a purity of 94.6% in those events where evidence of long-lived heavy-flavour hadrons in the other two jets is found. The jets are then analyzed using a smaller cut-off y0 (< y1) so that subjets are resolved. The properties of the jets (subjet multiplicities (Nq), (Ng) and rates Rng(q) for n = 1, 2, 3, 4) are determined and are found to be in good agreement with the expectations of perturbative QCD as long as the subjet resolution parameter y0 is sufficiently large to keep non-perturbative effects small. In particular, the ratio , which to leading order in QCD is given by the ratio of colour factors , is measured to be 1.96 ± 0.15 for y0 = 2 · 10−3, but falls to 1.29 ± 0.03 for y0 = 1.6 · 10−5.

Apparatus For Forming Fine Particles, Dennis R. Alexander

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

To alter feedstock material, the material is exposed to laser radiation applied at a selected angle of incidence, intensity and wavelength related to the refractive index of the feedstock material. Fine uniform particles may be formed through vapor explosion and/or plasma formation and used by this method to coat surfaces, such as with paint or adhesive or to supply uniform small particles to a heat engine. Moreover, moving materials such as a column of liquid may be subjected to high internal pressure and temperature for creating physical and chemical changes.

Losslees Compression Of Rgb Color Images, Nasir D. Memon, Khalid Sayood

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Although much work has been done toward developing lossless algorithms for compressing image data, most techniques reported have been for two-tone or gray-scale images. It is generally accepted that a color image can be easily encoded by using a gray-scale compression technique on each of the three accounts the substantial correlations that are present between color planes. Although several lossy compression schemes that exploit such correlations have been reported in the literature, we are not aware of any such techniques for lossless compression. Because of the difference in goals, the best way of exploiting redundancies for lossy and lossless compression …

Webwork: Integrated Programming Environment Tools For National And Grand Challenges, Geoffrey C. Fox, Wojtek Furmanski, Marina Chen, Claudio Rebbi, James H. Cowie

Physics - All Scholarship

Challenging-scale problems consistently demand solutions that fuse geographically distributed and heterogeneous data, personnel, expertise, and resources. For example, national health care problems require collaboration among experts of fields as diverse as medical informatics, public policy, robotics, and high performance computing to solve problems ranging from telemedicine to cost management and quality control. Indeed, many National Challenges include Grand Challenges as subcomponents. We can pose the Integrated Challenge as the solution of etaproblems hosted on world-wide metacomputers linking all three aspects: simulation, information processing, and collaboration. We suggest a hybrid approach to Integrated Challenges that combines World-Wide Web (WWW) technologies with …

An Organizational Learning Approach To Domain Analysis, Scott Henninger, Kris Lappala, Anand Raghavendran

CSE Conference and Workshop Papers

As the application of computer technology continues to proliferate and diversify, the identification and understanding of application domains is becoming increasingly important to software development methodologies. Domain analysis techniques have been developed to accumulate and formalize the knowledge necessary for successful software reuse. These techniques have been shown to be useful, but suffer from defining the domain too restrictively, burying important relationships deep in domain taxonomies, and prohibiting flexible identification of domains with common issues. Techniques are needed that dynamically detect recurring patterns of activities in development projects. This paper presents a method for developing and refining the knowledge and …

A Single-Stroke Orientation-Orient Gesture System, Yike Hu

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

No abstract provided.

Using Matlab To Illustrate The 'Phenomenon Of Aliasing', Sol Neeman, Ph.D.

Engineering Studies Faculty Publications and Creative Works

The phenomenon of aliasing is important when sampling analog signals. In cases where the signal is bandlimited, one can avoid aliasing by ensuring that the sampling rate is higher than the Nyquist rate . But in cases where the signal is not bandlimited , aliasing is unavoidable if the signal is not filtered before it is sampled. It is then crucial to understand the phenomenon in order to estimate the distortion generated when the signal is reconstructed from its samples. Using the software package MATLAB by MathWorks, Inc ., two examples are presented. The first is a pure sinusoid which …

Software And Hardware Requirements For Some Applications Of Parallel Computing To Industrial Problems, Geoffrey C. Fox

Northeast Parallel Architecture Center

We discuss the hardware and software requirements that appear relevant for a set of industrial applications of parallel computing, these are divided into 33 separate categories, and come from a recent survey of industry in New York State. The software discussions includes data parallel languages, message passing, databases, and high-level integration systems. The analysis is based on a general classification of problem architectures originally developed for academic applications of parallel computing. Suitable hardware architectures are suggested for each application. The general discussion is crystalized with three case studies: computational chemistry, computational fluid dynamics, including manufacturing, and Monte Carlo Methods.

Techniques For Scheduling I/O In A High Performance Multimedia-On-Demand Server, Divyesh Jadav, Chutimet Srinilta, Alok Choudhary, P. B. Berra

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

One of the key components of a multi-user multimedia-on-demand system is the data server. Digitalization of traditionally analog data such as video and audio, and the feasibility of obtaining network bandwidths above the gigabit-per-second range are two important advances that have made possible the realization, in the near future, of interactive distributed multimedia systems. Secondary-to-main memory I/O technology has not kept pace with advances in networking, main memory and CPU processing power. Consequently, the performance of the server has a direct bearing on the overall performance of such a system. In this paper we present a high-performance solution to the …

Runtime Support For In-Core And Out-Of-Core Data-Parallel Programs, Rajeev Thakur

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

Distributed memory parallel computers or distributed computer systems are widely recognized as the only cost-effective means of achieving teraflops performance in the near future. However, the fact remains that they are difficult to program and advances in software for these machines have not kept pace with advances in hardware. This thesis addresses several issues in providing runtime support for in-core as well as out-of-core programs on distributed memory parallel computers. This runtime support can be directly used in application programs for greater efficiency, portability and ease of programming. It can also be used together with a compiler to translate programs …

Transient Data Sharing Among Mobile Programs, Jerome Plun, Gruia-Catalin Roman

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Mobile computing represents a major point of departure from the traditional distributed computing paradigm. The potentially very large number of independent computing units, a decoupled computing style, frequent disconnections, continuous position changes, and the location-dependent nature of the behavior and communication patterns present designers with unprecedented challenges in the areas of modularity and dependability. This paper describes a modular approach to specifying and reasoning about of mobile computing. Its novelty rests with the notion of allowing transient (location-dependent) data sharing among programs which move in space. The notation is a direct extension of that used in UNITY and reasoning about …

An Efficient Signaling Structure For Atm Networks, Dakang Wu

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

As ATM becomes widely accepted as the communication standard for high speed networks, the signaling system structure and protocols that support ATM become more and more important. To support existing, future and unknown applications, the signalign system has to be very flexible and efficient. In this paper we define the signaling problem, present several possible signaling system structures, compare the advantages and disadvantages of these systems, and then we propose a new signaling system structure. The fundamental idea of the new signaling system is the logical separation of the signaling system structure from the underlying communication network, even though they …

Building Interactive Distributed Applications In C++ With The Programmers' Playground, Kenneth J. Goldman, T. Paul Mccartney, Ram Sethuraman, Bala Swaminathan And Todd Rogers

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

No abstract provided.