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# Computer Engineering Commons™

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Articles 1 - 30 of 117

## Full-Text Articles in Computer Engineering

Aug 2020

#### A New Approach For Homomorphic Encryption With Secure Function Evaluation On Genomic Data, Mounika Pratapa

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Additively homomorphic encryption is a public-key primitive allowing a sum to be computed on encrypted values. Although limited in functionality, additive schemes have been an essential tool in the private function evaluation toolbox for decades. They are typically faster and more straightforward to implement relative to their fully homomorphic counterparts, and more efficient than garbled circuits in certain applications. This thesis presents a novel method for extending the functionality of additively homomorphic encryption to allow the private evaluation of functions of restricted domain. Provided the encrypted sum falls within the restricted domain, the function can be homomorphically evaluated “for free ...

Aug 2020

#### Ontology-Driven Semantic Data Integration In Open Environment, Islam M. Ali

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Collaborative intelligence in the context of information management can be defined as "A shared intelligence that results from the collaboration between various information systems". In open environments, these collaborating information systems can be heterogeneous, dynamic and loosely-coupled. Information systems in open environment can also possess a certain degree of autonomy. The integration of data residing in various heterogeneous information systems is essential in order to drive the intelligence efficiently and accurately. Because of the heterogeneous, loosely-coupled, and dynamic nature of open environment, the integration between these information systems in the data level is not efficient. Several approaches and models have ...

Terramechanics And Machine Learning For The Characterization Of Terrain, Bryan W. Southwell Aug 2020

#### Terramechanics And Machine Learning For The Characterization Of Terrain, Bryan W. Southwell

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

An instrumented rover wheel can collect vast amounts of data about a planetary surface. Planetary surfaces are changed by complex geological processes which can be better understood with an abundance of surface data and the use of terramechanics. Identifying terrain parameters such as cohesion and angle of friction hold importance for both the rover driver and the planetary scientist. Knowledge of terrain characteristics can warn of unsafe terrain and flag potential interesting scientific sites. The instrumented wheel in this research utilizes a pressure pad to sense load and sinkage, a string potentiometer to measure slip, and records motor current draw ...

Geometric State Observers For Autonomous Navigation Systems, Miaomiao Wang Jan 2020

#### Geometric State Observers For Autonomous Navigation Systems, Miaomiao Wang

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The development of reliable state estimation algorithms for autonomous navigation systems is of great interest in the control and robotics communities. This thesis studies the state estimation problem for autonomous navigation systems. The first part of this thesis is devoted to the pose estimation on the Special Euclidean group $\SE(3)$. A generic globally exponentially stable hybrid estimation scheme for pose (orientation and position) and velocity-bias estimation on $\SE(3)\times \mathbb{R}^6$ is proposed. Moreover, an explicit hybrid observer, using inertial and landmark position measurements, is provided.

The second part of this thesis is devoted to the problem ...

A Visual Analytics System For Making Sense Of Real-Time Twitter Streams, Amir Haghighatimaleki Jan 2020

#### A Visual Analytics System For Making Sense Of Real-Time Twitter Streams, Amir Haghighatimaleki

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Through social media platforms, massive amounts of data are being produced. Twitter, as one such platform, enables users to post “tweets” on an unprecedented scale. Once analyzed by machine learning (ML) techniques and in aggregate, Twitter data can be an invaluable resource for gaining insight. However, when applied to real-time data streams, due to covariate shifts in the data (i.e., changes in the distributions of the inputs of ML algorithms), existing ML approaches result in different types of biases and provide uncertain outputs. This thesis describes a visual analytics system (i.e., a tool that combines data visualization, human-data ...

Edge-Cloud Computing For Iot Data Analytics: Embedding Intelligence In The Edge With Deep Learning, Ananda Mohon M. Ghosh, Katarina Grolinger Jan 2020

#### Edge-Cloud Computing For Iot Data Analytics: Embedding Intelligence In The Edge With Deep Learning, Ananda Mohon M. Ghosh, Katarina Grolinger

##### Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Rapid growth in numbers of connected devices including sensors, mobile, wearable, and other Internet of Things (IoT) devices, is creating an explosion of data that are moving across the network. To carry out machine learning (ML), IoT data are typically transferred to the cloud or another centralized system for storage and processing; however, this causes latencies and increases network traffic. Edge computing has the potential to remedy those issues by moving computation closer to the network edge and data sources. On the other hand, edge computing is limited in terms of computational power and thus is not well suited for ...

Generating Energy Data For Machine Learning With Recurrent Generative Adversarial Networks, Mohammad Navid Fekri, Ananda M. Ghosh, Katarina Grolinger Dec 2019

#### Generating Energy Data For Machine Learning With Recurrent Generative Adversarial Networks, Mohammad Navid Fekri, Ananda M. Ghosh, Katarina Grolinger

##### Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

The smart grid employs computing and communication technologies to embed intelligence into the power grid and, consequently, make the grid more efficient. Machine learning (ML) has been applied for tasks that are important for smart grid operation including energy consumption and generation forecasting, anomaly detection, and state estimation. These ML solutions commonly require sufficient historical data; however, this data is often not readily available because of reasons such as data collection costs and concerns regarding security and privacy. This paper introduces a recurrent generative adversarial network (R-GAN) for generating realistic energy consumption data by learning from real data. Generativea adversarial ...

Dec 2019

#### Design And Implementation Of Anomaly Detections For User Authentication Framework, Iman Abu Sulayman

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Anomaly detection is quickly becoming a very significant tool for a variety of applications such as intrusion detection, fraud detection, fault detection, system health monitoring, and event detection in IoT devices. An application that lacks a strong implementation for anomaly detection is user trait modeling for user authentication purposes. User trait models expose up-to-date representation of the user so that changes in their interests, their learning progress or interactions with the system are noticed and interpreted. The reason behind the lack of adoption in user trait modeling arises from the need of a continuous flow of high-volume data, that is ...

Dec 2019

#### Cluster-Based Chained Transfer Learning For Energy Forecasting With Big Data, Yifang Tian

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Smart meter popularity has resulted in the ability to collect big energy data and has created opportunities for large-scale energy forecasting. Machine Learning (ML) techniques commonly used for forecasting, such as neural networks, involve computationally intensive training typically with data from a single building/group to predict future consumption for that same building/group. With hundreds of thousands of smart meters, it becomes impractical or even infeasible to individually train a model for each meter. Consequently, this paper proposes Cluster-Based Chained Transfer Learning (CBCTL), an approach for building neural network-based models for many meters by taking advantage of already trained ...

#### A Wearable Mechatronic Device For Hand Tremor Monitoring And Suppression: Development And Evaluation, Yue Zhou

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Tremor, one of the most disabling symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), significantly affects the quality of life of the individuals who suffer from it. These people live with difficulties with fine motor tasks, such as eating and writing, and suffer from social embarrassment. Traditional medicines are often ineffective, and surgery is highly invasive and risky. The emergence of wearable technology facilitates an externally worn mechatronic tremor suppression device as a potential alternative approach for tremor management. However, no device has been developed for the suppression of finger tremor that has been validated on a human.

It has been reported ...

Similarity-Based Chained Transfer Learning For Energy Forecasting With Big Data, Yifang Tian, Ljubisa Sehovac, Katarina Grolinger Sep 2019

#### Similarity-Based Chained Transfer Learning For Energy Forecasting With Big Data, Yifang Tian, Ljubisa Sehovac, Katarina Grolinger

##### Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Smart meter popularity has resulted in the ability to collect big energy data and has created opportunities for large-scale energy forecasting. Machine Learning (ML) techniques commonly used for forecasting, such as neural networks, involve computationally intensive training typically with data from a single building or a single aggregated load to predict future consumption for that same building or aggregated load. With hundreds of thousands of meters, it becomes impractical or even infeasible to individually train a model for each meter. Consequently, this paper proposes Similarity-Based Chained Transfer Learning (SBCTL), an approach for building neural network-based models for many meters by ...

Adaptation Of A Deep Learning Algorithm For Traffic Sign Detection, Jose Luis Masache Narvaez Jul 2019

#### Adaptation Of A Deep Learning Algorithm For Traffic Sign Detection, Jose Luis Masache Narvaez

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Traffic signs detection is becoming increasingly important as various approaches for automation using computer vision are becoming widely used in the industry. Typical applications include autonomous driving systems, mapping and cataloging traffic signs by municipalities. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown state of the art performances in classification tasks, and as a result, object detection algorithms based on CNNs have become popular in computer vision tasks. Two-stage detection algorithms like region proposal methods (R-CNN and Faster R-CNN) have better performance in terms of localization and recognition accuracy. However, these methods require high computational power for training and inference that make ...

Nonlinear Attitude And Pose Filters With Superior Convergence Properties, Hashim Abdellah Hashim Mohamed Jul 2019

#### Nonlinear Attitude And Pose Filters With Superior Convergence Properties, Hashim Abdellah Hashim Mohamed

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

In this thesis, several deterministic and stochastic attitude filtering solutions on the special orthogonal group SO(3) are proposed. Firstly, the attitude estimation problem is approached on the basis of nonlinear deterministic filters on SO(3) with guaranteed transient and steady-state measures. The second solution to the attitude estimation problem considers nonlinear stochastic filters on SO(3) with superior convergence properties with two filters being developed in the sense of Ito, and one in the sense of Stratonovich.

This thesis also presents several deterministic and stochastic pose filtering solutions developed on the special Euclidean group SE(3). The first solution ...

Jun 2019

#### Nonlinear Observer For Visual-Inertial Navigation Using Intermittent Landmark Measurements, Miaomiao Wang

##### Western Research Forum

The development of reliable orientation, position and linear velocity estimation algorithms for the 3D visual-inertial navigation system (VINS) is instrumental in many applications, such as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It is extremely important when the global position system (GPS) is not available in GPS-denied environments. Recently, observers design for VINS using landmark position measurements from Kinect sensors or stereo cameras has been increasingly investigated in the literature.

The aim of this work is to design a nonlinear observer for VINS under the assumption that landmark position measurements are intermittent. In practice, the landmark measurements are ...

Enhanced Multimedia Exchanges Over The Internet, Fuad Shamieh Jun 2019

#### Enhanced Multimedia Exchanges Over The Internet, Fuad Shamieh

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Although the Internet was not originally designed for exchanging multimedia streams, consumers heavily depend on it for audiovisual data delivery. The intermittent nature of multimedia traffic, the unguaranteed underlying communication infrastructure, and dynamic user behavior collectively result in the degradation of Quality-of-Service (QoS) and Quality-of-Experience (QoE) perceived by end-users. Consequently, the volume of signalling messages is inevitably increased to compensate for the degradation of the desired service qualities. Improved multimedia services could leverage adaptive streaming as well as blockchain-based solutions to enhance media-rich experiences over the Internet at the cost of increased signalling volume. Many recent studies in the literature ...

Forecasting Building Energy Consumption With Deep Learning: A Sequence To Sequence Approach, Ljubisa Sehovac, Cornelius Nesen, Katarina Grolinger Jun 2019

#### Forecasting Building Energy Consumption With Deep Learning: A Sequence To Sequence Approach, Ljubisa Sehovac, Cornelius Nesen, Katarina Grolinger

##### Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Energy Consumption has been continuously increasing due to the rapid expansion of high-density cities, and growth in the industrial and commercial sectors. To reduce the negative impact on the environment and improve sustainability, it is crucial to efficiently manage energy consumption. Internet of Things (IoT) devices, including widely used smart meters, have created possibilities for energy monitoring as well as for sensor based energy forecasting. Machine learning algorithms commonly used for energy forecasting such as feedforward neural networks are not well-suited for interpreting the time dimensionality of a signal. Consequently, this paper uses Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) to capture time ...

Deep Learning: Edge-Cloud Data Analytics For Iot, Katarina Grolinger, Ananda M. Ghosh Jan 2019

#### Deep Learning: Edge-Cloud Data Analytics For Iot, Katarina Grolinger, Ananda M. Ghosh

##### Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Sensors, wearables, mobile and other Internet of Thing (IoT) devices are becoming increasingly integrated in all aspects of our lives. They are capable of collecting massive quantities of data that are typically transmitted to the cloud for processing. However, this results in increased network traffic and latencies. Edge computing has a potential to remedy these challenges by moving computation physically closer to the network edge where data are generated. However, edge computing does not have sufficient resources for complex data analytics tasks. Consequently, this paper investigates merging cloud and edge computing for IoT data analytics and presents a deep learning-based ...

#### Secured Data Masking Framework And Technique For Preserving Privacy In A Business Intelligence Analytics Platform, Osama Ali

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The main concept behind business intelligence (BI) is how to use integrated data across different business systems within an enterprise to make strategic decisions. It is difficult to map internal and external BI’s users to subsets of the enterprise’s data warehouse (DW), resulting that protecting the privacy of this data while maintaining its utility is a challenging task. Today, such DW systems constitute one of the most serious privacy breach threats that an enterprise might face when many internal users of different security levels have access to BI components. This thesis proposes a data masking framework (iMaskU: Identify ...

Oct 2018

#### Generalized Scattering-Based Stabilization Of Nonlinear Interconnected Systems, Anastasiia Usova

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The research presented in this thesis is aimed at development of new methods and techniques for stability analysis and stabilization of interconnections of nonlinear systems, in particular, in the presence of communication delays. Based on the conic systems' formalism, we extend the notion of conicity for the non-planar case where the dimension of the cone's central subspace may be greater than one. One of the advantages of the notion of non-planar conicity is that any dissipative system with a quadratic supply rate can be represented as a non-planar conic system; specifically, its central subspace and radius can be calculated ...

#### Development Of Digital Control Systems For Wearable Mechatronic Devices: Applications In Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Of The Upper Limb, Tyler Desplenter

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The potential for wearable mechatronic systems to assist with musculoskeletal rehabilitation of the upper limb has grown with the technology. One limiting factor to realizing the benefits of these devices as motion therapy tools is within the development of digital control solutions. Despite many device prototypes and research efforts in the surrounding fields, there are a lack of requirements, details, assessments, and comparisons of control system characteristics, components, and architectures in the literature. Pairing this with the complexity of humans, the devices, and their interactions makes it a difficult task for control system developers to determine the best solution for ...

Aug 2018

#### Recurrent Neural Network Architectures Toward Intrusion Detection, Wafaa Anani

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) show a remarkable result in sequence learning, particularly in architectures with gated unit structures such as Long Short-term Memory (LSTM). In recent years, several permutations of LSTM architecture have been proposed mainly to overcome the computational complexity of LSTM. In this dissertation, a novel study is presented that will empirically investigate and evaluate LSTM architecture variants such as Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Bi-Directional LSTM, and Dynamic-RNN for LSTM and GRU specifically on detecting network intrusions. The investigation is designed to identify the learning time required for each architecture algorithm and to measure the intrusion prediction accuracy ...

Aug 2018

#### Automatic Image Classification For Planetary Exploration, Lei Shu

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Autonomous techniques in the context of planetary exploration can maximize scientific return and reduce the need for human involvement. This thesis work studies two main problems in planetary exploration: rock image classification and hyperspectral image classification. Since rock textural images are usually inhomogeneous and manually hand-crafting features is not always reliable, we propose an unsupervised feature learning method to autonomously learn the feature representation for rock images. The proposed feature method is flexible and can outperform manually selected features. In order to take advantage of the unlabelled rock images, we also propose self-taught learning technique to learn the feature representation ...

Insecs: An Intelligent Network Security System, Nadun Rajasinghe Aug 2018

#### Insecs: An Intelligent Network Security System, Nadun Rajasinghe

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

There are new challenges in network security, introduced by the nature of modern networks like IoT systems, Cloud systems, and other distributed systems. System resource limitations in IoT, delays in processing the large stream of data from Cloud and distributed system, incapability to handle multi-step attacks due to delay in updates, limited datasets used for Intrusion Detection System (IDS) training which impacts the system performance are some of the pressing issues. To address these challenges, the author proposes Intelligent Network Security Systems, a framework that can handle these issues and also be as accurate as a commercial grade IDS. The ...

#### Real-Time Intrusion Detection Using Multidimensional Sequence-To-Sequence Machine Learning And Adaptive Stream Processing, Gobinath Loganathan

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

A network intrusion is any unauthorized activity on a computer network. There are host-based and network-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS's), of which there are each signature-based and anomaly-based detection methods. An anomalous network behavior can be defined as an intentional violation of the expected sequence of packets. In a real-time network-based IDS, incoming packets are treated as a stream of data. A stream processor takes any stream of data or events and extracts interesting patterns on the fly. This representation allows applying statistical anomaly detection using sequence prediction algorithms as well as using a stream processor to perform signature-based ...

Resource Brokering In Grid Computing, Adrian T. Bienkowski May 2018

#### Resource Brokering In Grid Computing, Adrian T. Bienkowski

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Grid Computing has emerged in the academia and evolved towards the bases of what is currently known as Cloud Computing and Internet of Things (IoT). The vast collection of resources that provide the nature for Grid Computing environment is very complex; multiple administrative domains control access and set policies to the shared computing resources. It is a decentralized environment with geographically distributed computing and storage resources, where each computing resource can be modeled as an autonomous computing entity, yet collectively can work together. This is a class of Cooperative Distributed Systems (CDS). We extend this by applying characteristic of open ...

Efficient Alignment Algorithms For Dna Sequencing Data, Nilesh Vinod Khiste Jan 2018

#### Efficient Alignment Algorithms For Dna Sequencing Data, Nilesh Vinod Khiste

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The DNA Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies produce data at a low cost, enabling their application to many ambitious fields such as cancer research, disease control, personalized medicine etc. However, even after a decade of research, the modern aligners and assemblers are far from providing efficient and error free genome alignments and assemblies respectively. This is due to the inherent nature of the genome alignment and assembly problem, which involves many complexities. Many algorithms to address this problem have been proposed over the years, but there still is a huge scope for improvement in this research space.

Many new genome ...

Energy Slices: Benchmarking With Time Slicing, Katarina Grolinger, Hany F. Elyamany, Wilson Higashino, Miriam Am Capretz, Luke Seewald Jan 2018

#### Energy Slices: Benchmarking With Time Slicing, Katarina Grolinger, Hany F. Elyamany, Wilson Higashino, Miriam Am Capretz, Luke Seewald

##### Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Benchmarking makes it possible to identify low-performing buildings, establishes a baseline for measuring performance improvements, enables setting of energy conservation targets, and encourages energy savings by creating a competitive environment. Statistical approaches evaluate building energy efficiency by comparing measured energy consumption to other similar buildings typically using annual measurements. However, it is important to consider different time periods in benchmarking because of differences in their consumption patterns. For example, an office can be efficient during the night, but inefficient during operating hours due to occupants’ wasteful behavior. Moreover, benchmarking studies often use a single regression model for different building categories ...

Dec 2017

#### Intelligent Advancements In Location Management And C-Ran Power-Aware Resource Allocation, Emad Ali Aqeeli

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The evolving of cellular networks within the last decade continues to focus on delivering a robust and reliable means to cope with the increasing number of users and demanded capacity. Recent advancements of cellular networks such as Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-advanced offer a remarkable high bandwidth connectivity delivered to the users. Signalling overhead is one of the vital issues that impact the cellular behavior. Causing a significant load in the core network hence effecting the cellular network reliability. Moreover, the signaling overhead decreases the Quality of Experience (QoE) of users. The first topic of the thesis attempts to reduce ...

Optimal Decomposition Strategy For Tree Edit Distance, Shaofeng Jiang Dec 2017

#### Optimal Decomposition Strategy For Tree Edit Distance, Shaofeng Jiang

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

An ordered labeled tree is a tree where the left-to-right order among siblings is significant. Given two ordered labeled trees, the edit distance between them is the minimum cost edit operations that convert one tree to the other.

In this thesis, we present an algorithm for the tree edit distance problem by using the optimal tree decomposition strategy. By combining the vertical compression of trees with optimal decomposition we can significantly reduce the running time of the algorithm. We compare our method with other methods both theoretically and experimentally. The test results show that our strategies on compressed trees are ...

Oct 2017

#### Grouping Environmental Factors Influencing Individual Decision-Making Behavior In Software Projects: A Cluster Analysis, Luiz Fernando Capretz

##### Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

An individual’s decision-making behavior is heavily influenced by and adapted to external environmental factors. Given that software development is a human-centered activity, individual decision-making behavior may affect the software project quality. Although environmental factors affecting decision-making behavior in software projects have been identified in prior literature, there is not yet an objective and a full taxonomy of these factors. Thus, it is not trivial to manage these complex and diverse factors. To address this deficiency, we first design a semantic similarity algorithm between words by utilizing the synonymy and hypernymy relationships in WordNet. Further, we propose a method to ...