Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons^™

Effect Of Hemiarthroplasty Implant Contact Geometry And Material On Early Cartilage Wear, Alana Khayat

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Hemiarthroplasty is a minimally invasive, cost-effective alternative to total arthroplasty in joints of the upper limb. Though these procedures reduce patient morbidity while restoring joint kinematics, their longevity is limited by wear of the adjacent cartilage. This work investigates the roles of contact geometry and implant stiffness on cartilage wear with the aim of elucidating the mechanics that contribute to cartilage damage. An in vitro study examined the influence of implant geometry on cartilage wear using a pin-on-plate wear simulator. A significant decrease in volumetric wear was observed as contact area increased, which suggests that maximizing contact area should be …

Blood Supply To The Brain Via The Carotid Arteries: Examining Obstructive And Sclerotic Disorders Using Theoretical And Experimental Models, Onaizah Onaizah

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Stroke remains one of the leading causes of death in North America. Approximately half of all ischemic episodes are a direct result of carotid artery disease, which can be categorized into either obstructive or sclerotic disease. Obstructive disease is a result of plaque development that imposes a direct limitation on the physical space available for blood flow. Sclerotic disease involves the hardening of the arteries as is often a result of aging and disease. While the impact of vessel stiffening is not as obvious, it does interfere with wave propagation. Effects of obstructive and sclerotic disease were studied using a …

Osteoarthritis Induced Glenoid Morphology And Bone Quality: An Evaluation Of Augmented Glenoid Components, Nikolas K. Knowles

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Osteoarthritis of the glenoid results in regional bone density variations and bone loss that may compromise early component fixation and support. The two common morphologies, symmetric and asymmetric erosion, were characterized by bone density and morphology, and assessed on the basis of bone removal and bone quality in the context of augmented glenoid components. The bone strain field was also compared when different augmented glenoid components underwent simulated joint loading using finite element analysis.

Asymmetrically eroded glenoids were found to have denser bone (p