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Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons™
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- Electrospinning (2)
- Extracellular matrix (2)
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- Contact Inhibition (1)
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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
A Multi-Channel 3d-Printed Bioreactor For Evaluation Of Growth And Production In The Microalga Dunaliella Sp, Cristian A. Cox
A Multi-Channel 3d-Printed Bioreactor For Evaluation Of Growth And Production In The Microalga Dunaliella Sp, Cristian A. Cox
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
We explored the capabilities of additive manufacturing using a photo-cured jetted material 3D printer to manufacture a milli-microfluidic device with direct application in microalgae Dunaliella sp growth and intracellular compounds biosynthesis tests. A continuous microbioreactor for microalgae culture was CAD designed and successfully built in 1 hour and 49 minutes using black photopolymer cured by UV and a support material. The microreactor was made up of 2 parts including the bioreactor itself and a microchannel network for culture media fluids and microalgae. Both parts were assembled to form a single unit. Additional optical and auxiliar components were added. An external …
Scaffold And Tissue Based Therapies To Improve Skeletal Muscle Regeneration After Volumetric Muscle Loss, Benjamin Kasukonis
Scaffold And Tissue Based Therapies To Improve Skeletal Muscle Regeneration After Volumetric Muscle Loss, Benjamin Kasukonis
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is an injury to skeletal muscle characterized by a loss of more than 20% of a muscles volume. The combination of the bulk loss of tissue, transection and separation of myofibers proximal and distal to the injury, loss of innervation and blood supply, and the depletion of muscle progenitor cells results in permanent fibrosis and functional deficits due to loss of contractile tissue. Scaffolds, cells, and engineered constructs have been explored as potential therapeutic interventions to induce myogenesis at the site of a VML injury in animal models, in addition to limited clinical trials. This dissertation …
Extracellular Matrix Control Of Breast Cancer Metastasis And Dormancy, Lauren Barney
Extracellular Matrix Control Of Breast Cancer Metastasis And Dormancy, Lauren Barney
Doctoral Dissertations
To metastasize, a cell must travel through circulation to a secondary tissue, and this process causes 90% of all cancer deaths. Although inefficient, metastasis is not random, and only capable seeds in hospitable soils are capable of outgrowing into detectable metastases. The overall hypothesis in this work is that the secondary tissue microenvironment, particularly the extracellular matrix (ECM), mediates metastasis. We posit that the ability of metastatic cells to survive dormancy, exit quiescence, and colonize a tissue depends upon the ability of the soil to sustain survival, and subsequently trigger outgrowth. We created a simple biomaterial platform with systematic control …
Electrospinning Of Poly (Ester Amide) Fibres For Mesenchymal Progenitor Cell Differentiation, Sarah Kiros
Electrospinning Of Poly (Ester Amide) Fibres For Mesenchymal Progenitor Cell Differentiation, Sarah Kiros
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The in vitro vascular tissue engineering paradigm seeks to produce biologically responsive vascular substitutes using cells, biodegradable scaffolds, and bioreactors to mature the tissue for the potential treatment of vascular occlusions and to create 3D tissue models for pre-clinical testing. In this work, a poly (ester amide) (PEA) derived from from L-phenylalanine, sebacoyl chloride and 1,4 butanediol was synthesized and electrospun to form both 3D fibrous mats and tubular constructs. Both the polymer solution concentration and mandrel rotation speed were optimized to fabricate bead-free fibres. Cytocompatibility and proliferation studies using mesenchymal progenitor 10T1/2 cells showed PEA fibres were not cytotoxic …
Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Differentiation In Cell Aggregates Supplemented With Micronized, Decellularized Extracellular Matrix, Danielle Heinbuch
Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Differentiation In Cell Aggregates Supplemented With Micronized, Decellularized Extracellular Matrix, Danielle Heinbuch
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
In the human body there are tissues with limited regenerative potential, raising the need for cell-based regenerative therapies. The main objective of this thesis was to examine how tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) affects the differentiation of human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs). The effects of incorporating milled, decellularized adipose (DAT) or cartilage (DCT) ECM particles on ASC lineage-specific differentiation in 3-D cell aggregate cultures were explored. The results demonstrated that the addition of ECM improved differentiation for both adipogenesis and chondrogenesis. Analysis of adipogenic gene and protein expression indicated enhanced differentiation in the DAT+ASC aggregates relative to the DCT+ASC and ASC-alone …
Characterization Of Histological Changes In The Microvasculature Of Rat Skeletal Muscle After Spinal Cord Injury, Sally Lin
Master's Theses (2009 -)
The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are histological changes in the microvasculature of rat skeletal muscle following chronic spinal cord injury both above and below the level of injury. This study is important because microvascular structure likely impacts muscle performance and cardiovascular health. To the best of our knowledge, this is the only study to investigate microvascular structure within rat skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury. We hypothesized structural remodeling would occur in both the myofibers and microvasculature, which would then manifest in differences in myofiber cross sectional area and microvascular diameter, wall thickness, wall to …
A Comparative Study On Calcification Of Aortic Valves, Shirin Masjedi
A Comparative Study On Calcification Of Aortic Valves, Shirin Masjedi
Doctoral Dissertations
Calcific Aortic Valve Disease (CAVD) is a major disorder in the developed countries among elderly. It is characterized by calcific deposition and stiffening of the aortic valve cusps. CAVD is a highly cell-mediated condition where valvular interstitial cells (VICs) become activated and differentiate into osteoblast-like cells. This is associated with upregulation of calcific markers like Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Runx2. ECM remodeling in another characteristic of stenotic aortic valves due to VIC activation. Reports show that CAVD initiates majorly on the noncoronary side of the aortic valves. Additionally, male sex is a significant risk factor of CAVD. Aortic valves are …
Inter-Droplet Membranes For Mechanical Sensing Applications, Nima Tamaddoni Jahromi
Inter-Droplet Membranes For Mechanical Sensing Applications, Nima Tamaddoni Jahromi
Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation combines self-assembly phenomena of amphiphilic molecules with soft materials to create and characterize mechanoelectrical transducers and sensors whose sensing elements are thin-film bioinspired membranes comprised of phospholipids or amphiphilic polymers. We show that the structures of these amphiphilic molecules tune the mechanical and electrical properties of these membranes. We show that these properties affect the mechanoelectrical sensing characteristic and range of operation of these membrane transducers. In the experiments, we construct and characterize a membrane-based hair cell embodiment that enables the membrane to be responsive to mechanical perturbations of the hair. The resulting oscillations of membranes formed between …
Exploring Biomarkers For Point Of Care Bladder Cancer Detection, Cassandra M. Walker
Exploring Biomarkers For Point Of Care Bladder Cancer Detection, Cassandra M. Walker
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Bladder cancer is the 5th most common non-cutaneous human cancer in the United States. While effective methods of detecting bladder cancer are currently practiced, they are often expensive and invasive. There is a need for a noninvasive detection method that can be used in areas with few medical resources. Cell free DNA in urine is normally present only in very low concentrations. Abnormally high levels of cell free DNA in urine could be indicative of disease. This study tests the hypothesis that DNA present in urine can be used as a biomarker for bladder cancer before hematuria is seen in …
Isolation Of Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes For Electrically Conductive Tissue Engineering Scaffolds, Jakob Hockman
Isolation Of Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes For Electrically Conductive Tissue Engineering Scaffolds, Jakob Hockman
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes (m-SWNTs) were separated from pristine SWNTs using affinity chromatography for use in electrically conductive tissue engineering scaffolds. Approximately one third of SWNTs have metallic properties. Separations were achieved using a protocol modified from Liu & coworkers (2011) in order to improve the method for cell culture environments. Samples enriched in m-SWNTs were isolated and characterized. However, challenges still remain for the complete separation of m-SWNTs from their semiconducting counterpart (s-SWNTs) using this protocol. Approaches to improve separation and reduce the difficulties associated with processing the nanotubes were suggested. One of the ultimate destinations of these nanotubes …
Equilibrium Testing Of Rat Tail Tendon: An Analysis Of The Viscoelastic Properties Of Collagen Under Different Strain Points, Joshua C. Witt
Equilibrium Testing Of Rat Tail Tendon: An Analysis Of The Viscoelastic Properties Of Collagen Under Different Strain Points, Joshua C. Witt
Graduate Theses - Biology & Biomedical Engineering
Instantaneous tensile testing and stress-relaxation testing are forms of mechanical testing used to determine the elastic and viscoelastic properties of biological tissue. Equilibrium testing is a form of testing that combines both of these testing approaches at different strain points to determine the elastic properties of a material and also assess their viscoelastic properties in the same test. This testing method is commonly used on highly viscoelastic materials such as cartilage but has never been fully described in dense collagenous materials such as tendon or ligament. This analysis utilizes different strain points selected to capture the classic non-linear behavior of …
Role Of E-Cadherin Force In The Spatial Regulation Of Cell Proliferation, Abhinav Mohan
Role Of E-Cadherin Force In The Spatial Regulation Of Cell Proliferation, Abhinav Mohan
Theses and Dissertations
Cell proliferation and contact inhibition play a major role in maintaining epithelial cell homeostasis. A hallmark of epithelial cells is strong cell-cell junctions. These junctions include E-Cadherin, a type of adherens junction that is critical for both barrier function and contact inhibition. Prior experiments by other groups have shown that adherens junctions are subject to mechanical tension. Externally applied forces (e.g. stretch) results in changes in E-Cadherin forces that coordinate proliferation. My current work tests the hypothesis that E-Cadherin forces mediate the spatial regulation of cell proliferation even in the absence of externally applied forces.
Design And Production Of A Hydrogel Forming Polypeptide: Engaging High School Students In Protein Design, James K. Deyling
Design And Production Of A Hydrogel Forming Polypeptide: Engaging High School Students In Protein Design, James K. Deyling
ETD Archive
Bioinks are a class of hydrogel that have the potential to be the ink used in the creation of printed organs, connective tissue, and other important structures within the body. One class of material that may be a suitable bioink hydrogel is elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs), which are synthetic biopolymers inspired by the naturally existing connective tissue elastin. ELPs consist of a repeat pentapeptide sequence (GXGVP)n, where X is any of the 20 naturally existing amino acids other than proline. These biomolecules are capable of exhibiting environmental responsiveness when exposed to certain stimulus such as salt concentration, temperature, and pH, depending …
The Role Of E-Cadherin Force In The Maintenance Of Homeostasis In Epithelial Acini, Fnu Vani Narayanan
The Role Of E-Cadherin Force In The Maintenance Of Homeostasis In Epithelial Acini, Fnu Vani Narayanan
Theses and Dissertations
Numerous three-dimensional model systems have emerged for emulating the biochemical and physiological states of native tissue. Yet little is known about the effects of mechanical forces on cell behavior in the context of an organized tissue structure in three-dimensional cell-culture. Epithelial cells cultured in a three-dimensional environment comprised of extracellular matrix proteins form spheroids of polarized cells. Cellular responses to mechanical cues, generated from dynamic interactions with the extracellular matrix and neighboring cells, are known to influence cellular behavior to a great extent. Previous studies have shown that tumorigenic progression has been frequently linked to the down regulation of E-cadherin, …
Novel Small Airway Model Using Electrospun Decellularized Lung Extracellular Matrix, Bethany M. Young
Novel Small Airway Model Using Electrospun Decellularized Lung Extracellular Matrix, Bethany M. Young
Theses and Dissertations
Chronic respiratory diseases affects many people worldwide with little known about the mechanisms diving the pathology, making it difficult to find a cure. Improving the understanding of smooth muscle and extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction is key to developing a remedy to this leading cause of death. With currently no relevant or controllable in vivo or in vitro model to investigate diseased and normal interactions of small airway components, the development of a physiologically relevant in vitro model with comparable cell attachment, signaling, and organization is necessary to develop new treatments for airway disease. The goal of this study is to …
Characterization Of Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) Blends And Fabrication Of Soft Micropillar Arrays For Force Detection, Thomas J. Petet Jr
Characterization Of Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) Blends And Fabrication Of Soft Micropillar Arrays For Force Detection, Thomas J. Petet Jr
Theses and Dissertations
Diseases involving fibrosis cause tens of thousands of deaths per year in the US alone. These diseases are characterized by a large amount of extracellular matrix, causing stiff abnormal tissues that may not function correctly. To take steps towards curing these diseases, a fundamental understanding of how cells interact with their substrate and how mechanical forces alter signaling pathways is vital. Studying the mechanobiology of cells and the interaction between a cell and its extracellular matrix can help explain the mechanisms behind stem cell differentiation, cell migration, and metastasis. Due to the correlation between force, extracellular matrix assembly, and substrate …