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Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons™
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Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Amending Phb With Algal Biomass To Enhance Biodegradability, Amanda R. Stoudt
Amending Phb With Algal Biomass To Enhance Biodegradability, Amanda R. Stoudt
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Pollution due to petroleum-based plastic is a growing problem all over the world. Petroleum-based plastics that fill landfills and oceans take hundreds of years to degrade. One possible solution to this growing problem is to increase the use of bioplastics. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a widely studied bioplastic that is biodegradable in both soil and marine environments. However, PHB use is limited due to its poor mechanical properties. Past researchers have investigated the use of natural additives, primarily different types of plant fibers, to enhance both the mechanical properties and degradation rates of bioplastics. The purpose of this project was to …
Image Analysis And The Effect Of Molecular Orientation On Degrading Lactide Polymer Films, K. J. L. Burg, M. Laberge, D. L. Powers, S. W. Shalaby
Image Analysis And The Effect Of Molecular Orientation On Degrading Lactide Polymer Films, K. J. L. Burg, M. Laberge, D. L. Powers, S. W. Shalaby
Cells and Materials
Absorbable polylactide films were studied in order to observe the effect of orientation on the resulting hydrolytic degradation pattern. Two types of polylactide films with two levels of molecular orientation were studied, during a nine month exposure to a phosphate buffered solution at 37°C. The films were sectioned and quantified as to void area, birefringence area, and intensity of birefringence using a microscope and an image analysis software package. The results, obtained using an analysis of variance, showed that the orientation played a significant role in the degradation pattern of the polylactide films, either decreasing or causing no change in …
Hycrest Crested Wheatgrass Accelerates The Degradation Of Pentachlorophenol In Soil, A. Ferro, Ronald C. Sims, B. Bugbee
Hycrest Crested Wheatgrass Accelerates The Degradation Of Pentachlorophenol In Soil, A. Ferro, Ronald C. Sims, B. Bugbee
Biological Engineering Faculty Publications
We investigated the effects of vegetation on the fate of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in soil using a novel high-flow sealed test system. Pentachlorophenol has been widely used as a wood preservative, and this highly toxic biocide contaminates soil and ground water at many sites. Although plants are known to accelerate the rates of degradation of certain soil contaminants, this approach has not been thoroughly investigated for PCP. The fate of [14C]PCP, added to soil at a concentration of 100 mg/kg, was compared in three unplanted and three planted systems. The plant used was Hycrest, a perennial, drought-tolerant cultivar of crested wheatgrass …
The Effect Of Peo Ratio On Degradation, Calcification And Bone Bonding Of Peo/Pbt Copolymer (Polyactive), C. A. Van Blitterswijk, J. V.D. Brink, H. Leenders, D. Baaker
The Effect Of Peo Ratio On Degradation, Calcification And Bone Bonding Of Peo/Pbt Copolymer (Polyactive), C. A. Van Blitterswijk, J. V.D. Brink, H. Leenders, D. Baaker
Cells and Materials
In this study, we evaluated the effect of PEO/ PBT proportion on the behavior of a range of PEO/ PBT segmented copolymers (Polyactive) during subcutaneous and intrabony implantation in the rat. It was demonstrated that varying the PEO proportion affected degradation, calcification and bone-bonding. The PEO/PBT 70/30 and 60/40 showed extensive degradation after 1 year, PEO/PBT 55145 an intermediate degradation, and the 40/60 and 30170 copolymers showed little and hardly any degradation respectively. PEO content also affected the degree of calcification . PEO/PBT 70/30 showed extensive and early calcification whereas almost no calcification was seen with PEO/PBT 30170. Since calcified …
Multinucleated Giant Cells-Hydroxyapatite Interactions: A Time-Related Quantitative Study In A Rat Skull Defect, J. M. Dersot, A. Llorens, J. L. Saffar
Multinucleated Giant Cells-Hydroxyapatite Interactions: A Time-Related Quantitative Study In A Rat Skull Defect, J. M. Dersot, A. Llorens, J. L. Saffar
Cells and Materials
The implantation of calcium phosphate ceramics in the bone environment elicits the differentiation of multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs). MNGC interactions with both crushed and standard hydroxyapatite (HA, Bioapatite ®) particles (cHA and sHA) were studied in rat skull defects. Light microscopy (LM) of undemineralized material after 21 and 42 days of implantation showed that the number of particles in the defect significantly decreased (about SO%) with the two HA forms. Concomitantly, average cHA particle size increased significantly due to the elimination of the smallest particles by the MNGCs. The number of MNGCs per mm2 of defect decreased significantly between 21 …
A Comparative Study Of The Interactions Of Two Calcium Phosphates, Peo/Pbt Copolymer (Polyactive) And A Silicone Rubber With Bone And Fibrous Tissue, C. A. Van Blitterswijk, J. R. De Wijn, H. Leenders, J. V.D. Brink, S. C. Hesseling, D. Bakker
A Comparative Study Of The Interactions Of Two Calcium Phosphates, Peo/Pbt Copolymer (Polyactive) And A Silicone Rubber With Bone And Fibrous Tissue, C. A. Van Blitterswijk, J. R. De Wijn, H. Leenders, J. V.D. Brink, S. C. Hesseling, D. Bakker
Cells and Materials
In this study, hydroxyapatite, tetracalcium phosphate, HPEO/PBT 55145 copolymer, PEO/PBT 55!45 copolymer (Polyactive) and silicone rubber were implanted as dense blocks, subcutaneously and. into the tibia of rats. Biocompatibility and degradation were investigated but most attention was directed to .the bone/biomaterial interactions. None of the materials showed any significant adverse tissue reactions. With exception of the silicone rubber, all materials sho~ed bone bonding phenomena based on both morphological and mechanical evaluations. (H)PEO/PBT 55145 copolymer is the first polymer reported to be bonded by bone and thus widens the spectrum of bone bonding materials with a low modulus, degradable, elastomer in …