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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Drainage Water Quality Impacts Of Agricultural Management Practices: Effectof Manure Application Timing And Cover Crops, Brian Dougherty, Carl Pederson, Matt Helmers, Michelle Soupir, Dan Andersen, Antonio Mallarino, John Sawyer
Drainage Water Quality Impacts Of Agricultural Management Practices: Effectof Manure Application Timing And Cover Crops, Brian Dougherty, Carl Pederson, Matt Helmers, Michelle Soupir, Dan Andersen, Antonio Mallarino, John Sawyer
John E. Sawyer
A primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of various cropping and nutrient management systems on crop yields and drainage water quality. This progress report only includes the first-year corn grain yield results. Treatment comparisons include the impact of early fall vs. late fall vs. spring application of liquid swine manure, nitrification inhibitor with late fall swine manure application, cereal rye cover crop, and gypsum application. These comparisons will be conducted for multiple years and used to develop appropriate manure and nutrient management practices to minimize water contamination potential and enhance the use of swine manure as …
Effect Of Acetylation On The Mechanical And Thermal Properties Of Soy Flour Elastomers, Kendra A. Allen, Sarah Cady, David Grewell
Effect Of Acetylation On The Mechanical And Thermal Properties Of Soy Flour Elastomers, Kendra A. Allen, Sarah Cady, David Grewell
Sarah Cady
Biobased fillers were utilized as components in soy-elastomer composites. Soy flour is lightweight, low cost, and high strength, which makes it an ideal alternative to petroleum-derived fillers. However, poor interfacial adhesion and low dispersion within the polymer matrix are limiting factors for composite performance. Soy flour chemically pretreated by acetylation was compounded with synthetic rubber elastomers. In general, soy flour (as received) concentration in the composite is proportional to the ultimate strength. However, soy-elastomer composites with acetylated filler performed similar to the neat elastomer. In addition, the pretreated composite's thermal stability increased and exhibited less phase seperation compared to the …
Crop Rotation Effects On N03-N Leaching And Corn Yields Under Manure Management Practices, R. S. Kanwar, D. L. Karlen, C. A. Cambardella, C. Pederson
Crop Rotation Effects On N03-N Leaching And Corn Yields Under Manure Management Practices, R. S. Kanwar, D. L. Karlen, C. A. Cambardella, C. Pederson
Douglas L Karlen
Nonpoint source nutrient pollution is recognized as an important environmental and social issue for several reasons. First, manure from swine production facilities can have serious impacts on the quality of surface and ground water resources. Second, several states are in the process of creating laws to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus loadings from manure to soil and water resources. Third, pollution of water resources from nutrients supplied by manure to croplands will set parameters for developing public policies on the management of manure.
Regenerating Agricultural Landscapes With Perennial Groundcover For Intensive Crop Production, Kenneth J. Moore, Robert P. Anex, Amani E. Elobeid, Shuizhang Fei, Cornelia B. Flora, A. Susana Goggi, Keri L. Jacobs, Prashant Jha, Amy L. Kaleita, Douglas L. Karlen, David A. Laird, Andrew W. Lenssen, Thomas Lubberstedt, Marshall D. Mcdaniel, D. Raj Raman, Sharon L. Weyers
Regenerating Agricultural Landscapes With Perennial Groundcover For Intensive Crop Production, Kenneth J. Moore, Robert P. Anex, Amani E. Elobeid, Shuizhang Fei, Cornelia B. Flora, A. Susana Goggi, Keri L. Jacobs, Prashant Jha, Amy L. Kaleita, Douglas L. Karlen, David A. Laird, Andrew W. Lenssen, Thomas Lubberstedt, Marshall D. Mcdaniel, D. Raj Raman, Sharon L. Weyers
Douglas L Karlen
The Midwestern U.S. landscape is one of the most highly altered and intensively managed ecosystems in the country. The predominant crops grown are maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr]. They are typically grown as monocrops in a simple yearly rotation or with multiple years of maize (2 to 3) followed by a single year of soybean. This system is highly productive because the crops and management systems have been well adapted to the regional growing conditions through substantial public and private investment. Furthermore, markets and supporting infrastructure are highly developed for both crops. As maize and …
Effects Of Cage Stocking Density On Feeding Behaviors Of Group-Housed Laying Hens, Rachel Nichole Cook, Hongwei Xin, Dan Nettleton
Effects Of Cage Stocking Density On Feeding Behaviors Of Group-Housed Laying Hens, Rachel Nichole Cook, Hongwei Xin, Dan Nettleton
Dan Nettleton
Quantitative measurement of animal welfare continues to be a challenging task for both the animal agriculture industry and the scientific community. Characterization of animal feeding behavior provides a comparative elucidation of the animal’s behavioral deviation from its norms and thus carries implications for its welfare. This study examines the effects of cage stocking density (348, 387, 426, and 465 cm2; or 54, 60, 66, and 72 in.2 cage floor space per hen) on feeding behavior of W-36 White Leghorn laying hens kept in groups of six hens. The study employed a specialized instrumentation system and computational algorithm. The results revealed …
Feeding Behaviors Of Laying Hens With Or Without Beak Trimming, Kelly E. Persyn, Hongwei Xin, Dan Nettleton, Atsuo Ikeguchi, Richard S. Gates
Feeding Behaviors Of Laying Hens With Or Without Beak Trimming, Kelly E. Persyn, Hongwei Xin, Dan Nettleton, Atsuo Ikeguchi, Richard S. Gates
Dan Nettleton
This study quantifies feeding behavior of W-36 White Leghorn laying hens (77 to 80 weeks old) as influenced by the management practice of beak trimming. The feeding behavior was characterized using a newly developed measurement system and computational algorithm. Non-trimmed (NT) and beak-trimmed (BT) hens showed similar daily feed intake and meal size. However, the BT hens tended to spend longer time feeding (3.3 vs. 2.0 h/d, P < 0.01), which coincided with their slower ingestion rate of 0.43 g/min-kg0.75 vs. 0.79 g/min-kg0.75 for the NT counterparts (P < 0.05). The BT hens had shorter time intervals between meals (101 s vs. 151 s, P < 0.01). Selective feeding, as demonstrated by larger feed particles apparent in the leftover feed, was noted for the BT hens. The leftover feed had a lower crude protein/adjusted crude protein content for the BT birds than that for the NT birds (16.7% vs. 18.7%, P < 0.05). In addition, the leftover feed of the BT birds had lower contents in phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and manganese (P < 0.05), although no significant differences were detected in calcium, sodium, or metabolic energy content. Baseline feeding behavior data of this nature may help quantify and ensure the welfare of animals through exercising proper engineering design and/or management considerations.
Reduced-Dimension Clustering For Vegetation Segmentation, Brian L. Steward, Lei F. Tian, Dan Nettleton, Lie Tang
Reduced-Dimension Clustering For Vegetation Segmentation, Brian L. Steward, Lei F. Tian, Dan Nettleton, Lie Tang
Dan Nettleton
Segmentation of vegetation is a critical step in using machine vision for field automation tasks. A new method called reduced-dimension clustering (RDC) was developed based on theoretical considerations about the color distribution of field images. RDC performed unsupervised classification of pixels in field images into vegetation and background classes. Bayes classifiers were then trained and used for vegetation segmentation. The performance of the classifiers trained using the RDC method was compared with that of other segmentation methods. The RDC method produced segmentation performance that was consistently high, with average segmentation success rates of 89.6% and 91.9% across both cloudy and …
Flor Revisited (Again): Eqtl And Mutational Analysis Of Nb-Lrr Mediated Immunity To Powdery Mildew In Barley, Roger P. Wise, Priyanka Surana, Gregory S. Fuerst, Ruo Xu, Divya Mistry, Julie A. Dickerson, Dan Nettleton Dr.
Flor Revisited (Again): Eqtl And Mutational Analysis Of Nb-Lrr Mediated Immunity To Powdery Mildew In Barley, Roger P. Wise, Priyanka Surana, Gregory S. Fuerst, Ruo Xu, Divya Mistry, Julie A. Dickerson, Dan Nettleton Dr.
Dan Nettleton
Genes encoding early signaling events in pathogen defense often are identified only by their phenotype. Such genes involved in barley-powdery mildew interactions include Mla, specifying race-specific resistance; Rar1 (Required for Mla12-specified resistance1), and Rom1 (Restoration of Mla-specified resistance1). The HSP90-SGT1-RAR1 complex appears to function as chaperone in MLA-specified resistance, however, much remains to be discovered regarding the precise signaling underlying plant immunity. Genetic analyses of fast-neutron mutants derived from CI 16151 (Mla6) uncovered a novel locus, designated Rar3 (Required for Mla6-specified resistance3). Rar3 segregates independent of Mla6 and Rar1, and rar3 mutants are susceptible to Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei …
A Sophomore Level Introduction To Engineering Design Course, Norman Muzzy, Michelle L. Soupir, Steven J. Hoff
A Sophomore Level Introduction To Engineering Design Course, Norman Muzzy, Michelle L. Soupir, Steven J. Hoff
Norman Muzzy
Iowa State University has a sophomore level course that is known as ABE 218. The objectives of this course include learning a structured approach to engineering design, preparing the students for internships, learning the basics of project management, and connecting the theoretical engineering paper designs to physical reality. This informal paper discusses how the course is structured, identifies the lab projects that are part of the course, and discusses some of the results and challenges associated with ABE 218.
Applying What You Have Learned, Gretchen Mosher, Norman Muzzy, Dana Woolley
Applying What You Have Learned, Gretchen Mosher, Norman Muzzy, Dana Woolley
Norman Muzzy
Last April, a group of over 110 students presented their Capstone projects in the Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering at Iowa State University. The Capstone program serves students in engineering and technology and is a required component of all ABE undergraduates. Capstone programs in engineering and technology are divided into two phases: a first-semester focus on defining the scope of the problem, and an emphasis on solution development and evaluation in the second semester. At the end of the first semester, the teams present their accomplishments at a poster session, where they receive feedback from ABE faculty and industry …