Engineering Commons^™

How Unstructured Data From The Data Warehouse Can Be Used With Machine Learning And Visualization To Develop Novel Medical Technologies, Alfred A. Cecchetti

Faculty Research Day

Machine Learning (ML) can accurately classify and accurately predict disease as well as other medical events.

Device Programming, especially smartphone applications, can provide new ways to acquire, transport, store, process, and secure personalized patient data to deliver meaningful results.

Multidisciplinary Education And Research In Biomathematics For Solving Global Challenges, Padmanabhan Seshaiyer

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

A Ph-Sensitive Delivery System For The Prevention Of Dental Caries Using Salivary Protein, Yi Zhu, Yizhi Xiao, Elizabeth Gillies, Walter L. Siqueira

Western Research Forum

Dental caries remains one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. In previous studies, salivary proteins (e.g. histatin 3, statherin) have demonstrated biological functions including the inhibition of crystal growth, antibacterial activities, which are directly related to tooth homeostasis and prevention of dental caries. However, proteins are susceptible to the high proteolytic activities in the oral environment. Therefore, pH-sensitive chitosan nanoparticles (CNs) have been proposed as potential carriers to protect proteins against enzymatic degradation at physiological salivary pH, in addition to swell selectively at lower pH conditions to facilitate the release of the encapsulated proteins, as major oral complications occur …

The Effect Of Radial Head Hemiarthroplasty Stem Fit On Radiocapitellar Contact Mechanics: Is Loose Fit Better Than Rigidly Fixed?, Jakub Szmit, Graham J.W. King, James A. Johnson, G. Daniel G. Langohr

Western Research Forum

Background/Methods: Radial head hemiarthroplasty is commonly employed to manage comminuted displaced fractures. With regards to implant fixation, current designs vary with some prostheses aiming to achieve a tight 'fixed' fit, and others utilizing a smooth stem with an over reamed 'loose' fit. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of radial head hemiarthroplasty stem fit on radiocapitellar contact using a finite element model which simulated both fixed (size-for-size) and loose (1, 2 & 3mm over reamed) stem fits.

Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that a loose stem fit would improve radiocapitellar contact mechanics, with increased contact area …

Multifunctional Hybrid Sol-Gel Implant Coatings On Anodized Titanium Substrates To Improve Osseointegration And Antimicrobial Effectiveness, Zach Gouveia

Western Research Forum

To improve patient outcomes in orthopedic and dental implantation procedures, the development of multifunctional implant coatings that can inhibit microbial cell proliferation while promoting osseointegration have been sought out by clinicians. While recent developments in material science and cell biology have seen the development of such coatings, many proposed systems lack clinical translatability. For example, to reach the clinic, modern coating systems must be highly adherent to their substrate (to avoid delamination upon implantation), have sufficient wettability (to promote the fixation of cells), and facilitate the controlled and sustained release of antimicrobial factors (falling within the therapeutic window to prevent …

Predicting Tgf-Β-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Using Data Assimilation, Mario J. Mendez, Matthew J. Hoffman, Elizabeth M. Cherry, Dr. Christopher Lemmon, Seth Weinberg

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Color Transparency From Motions Of Backgrounds And Overlays, Zhehao Huang, Qasim Zaidi

MODVIS Workshop

No abstract provided.

Computations Of Top-Down Attention By Modulating V1 Dynamics, David Berga, Xavier Otazu

MODVIS Workshop

The human visual system processes information defining what is visually conspicuous (saliency) to our perception, guiding eye movements towards certain objects depending on scene context and its feature characteristics. However, attention has been known to be biased by top-down influences (relevance), which define voluntary eye movements driven by goal-directed behavior and memory. We propose a unified model of the visual cortex able to predict, among other effects, top-down visual attention and saccadic eye movements. First, we simulate activations of early mechanisms of the visual system (RGC/LGN), by processing distinct image chromatic opponencies with Gabor-like filters. Second, we use a cortical …

Age Dependent Regulation Of Cardiac Sodium Channel Gain Of Function, Madison Nowak, David Ryan King, Steven Poelzing, Seth Weinberg

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Immunofluorescence Image Feature Analysis And Clustering Pipeline For Distinguishing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Shreyas Hirway, Nadiah Hassan, Dr. Christopher Lemmon, Dr. Seth Weinberg

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Coupled Influence Of Heart Rate Variability And Subcellular Calcium Heterogeneity On Cardiac Electromechanical Dynamics, Vrishti M. Phadumdeo, Seth H. Weinberg Ph.D

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Quantified Measurement Of The Tilt Effect In A Family Of Café Wall Illusions, Nasim Nematzadeh Dr., David Martin Powers Prof.

MODVIS Workshop

This abstract explores the tilt effect in a family of Café Wall illusions using a Classical Gaussian Receptive Field model (CRF). Our model constructs an intermediate representation called edge map at multiple scales (Fig. 1) that reveals tilt cues and clues involved in the illusory perception of the Café Wall pattern. We investigate a wide range of parameters of the stimulus including mortar width, luminance, tiles contrast, and phase of the tile displacement (the stimuli in Fig. 2). We show that this simple bioplausible model, simulating the contrast sensitivity of the retinal ganglion cells, can not only detect the tilts …

An Observer Model Version Of General Recognition Theory, Fabian Soto Phd

MODVIS Workshop

No abstract provided.

System Fault Tolerancing And Self-Reported Usability Of A Closed-Loop Robotic System For Reading Comprehension Skill Development In Children Who Are Deaf Or Hard Of Hearing, Miroslava I. Migovich

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Children who are deaf or hard of hearing often suffer from low literacy and reading comprehension rates [1]. Over the past 50 years, research had concluded that literacy rates for these children rarely pass a fourth-grade level [2]. However, little research has been done regarding interventions for reading comprehension skill development [3]. Our long-term study seeks to incorporate social robotics and reading comprehension development to provide an option for in-home and in-school reading focused interventions. In the current study, we present an initial validation of a closed-loop social robotic system for reading comprehension testing. Results suggest our robot-based system is …

Advantages Of Air Cooling In Thermal Ablation, Alexander Sheikh

Kansas State University Undergraduate Research Conference

Advantages of Air Cooling in Thermal Ablation

Alex Sheikh, Dr. Punit Prakash, Hojjat Fallahi

Department of Electrical and computer Engineering

Thermal ablation is the method of destroying tumors through the application of extreme temperatures. For this experiment, heat is used and supplied by an amplifier/power generator. The heat is transported out through a catheter device and into the designated area of the tumor. Cooling the tip of the device can be used to control this heat in effort to expand the ablation size and cut down on the destruction of unwanted tissue. Thus far, water has been the primary strategy …

Establishment Of 3-D Human Colorectal Cancer Spheroids, India Barnett

Kansas State University Undergraduate Research Conference

Three-Dimensional (3D) cell culture plays an important role in cancer biology by providing a life-like microenvironment as a model for drug discovery and treatment. Hydrogels, like many other 3D scaffolds, demonstrate a unique property as matrices for 3D cell culture. The goal of this project is to establish a 3D cell culture for colorectal cancer and apply this 3D model to drug testing. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the United States with an early detection rate of 39%. Previously, 2D cell culture of human colorectal cancer cells, SW480, was used to determine the efficacy of …

Doctor’S Cyclo-Massage – Cycloidal Vibration Therapy, Monserrat G. Otarola

Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference

Body pain can be one of the most common reasons for visits to the doctor. It can be present in many body locations and be caused by different reasons, such as tension, stress, fatigue or other medical conditions. In many cases, users suffering from body pain, muscle stiffness and neuropathies have no reliable solution in their everyday lives to alleviate their symptoms. The project will investigate Doctor’s Cyclo-Massage in order to detect and analyze the current failures in the field that are compromising reliability and functionality of the device, to perform a redesign that will mitigate the mechanical and electrical …

Correlation Between Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Markers Of Spinal Cord Integrity And Muscle Composition In Individuals With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury, Kelly Nair Rojas

Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference

The purpose of this research project was to investigate potential relationships between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based measures of the spinal cord and MRI-based measures of muscle physiology in 14 individuals with spinal cord injury. Such relationships – or lack thereof – may hold prognostic value for determining recovery of motor function in this population. We used simple linear regression as an initial tool to determine whether measures of damage to the spinal cord were associated with changes in muscle composition, including intramuscular fat and the diffusivity of fluid within the muscle. These muscle composition metrics are potential markers of denervation, …

Ion Channel Expression Regulation By Sodium And Potassium In Vascular Endothelial Cells, Monica Karas

Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference

Introduction: Changes in the expression of ion channels, and of genes involved in membrane potential (Vm) homeostasis and Ca2 +s ignaling have been associated with pathological conditions such as hypertension (1,2,3,4). Little is known, however, for the mechanisms that regulate the expression of the approximately 400 genes encoding for subunits of the 200-250 ion channels. There is evidence that a feedback system exists, capable of sensing changes in cell electrophysiology (5 ) that leads to altering ion channel transcription levels. The variable(s) that are sensed and controlled have not been established although Na+ / K+ sensitive transcriptome has been reported …

Fluoride Removal From Water Using A 3d Printed Calcium Carbonate Filter, Sophia Bakar, David Kahler, Benjamin S. Goldschmidt

Undergraduate Research and Scholarship Symposium

Groundwater containing high concentrations of fluoride is the most common source of drinking water in rural areas in parts of east Africa, India, and China. The elevated levels of fluoride cause skeletal and dental fluorosis, which is the weakening and decay of bone structures due to the leeching of calcium from the body as calcium and fluoride bond by the process of adsorption. Over 150 million people are suffering from some form of fluorosis due to the consumption of groundwater. Calcium carbonate has been demonstrated to influence fluoride removal in several forms. To make fluoride removal a cost-effective and user-friendly …

Quantifying Iron Overload Using Mri, Active Contours, And Convolutional Neural Networks, Andrea Sajewski, Stacey Levine

Undergraduate Research and Scholarship Symposium

Iron overload, a complication of repeated blood transfusions, can cause tissue damage and organ failure. The body has no regulatory mechanism to excrete excess iron, so iron overload must be closely monitored to guide therapy and measure treatment response. The concentration of iron in the liver is a reliable marker for total body iron content and is now measured noninvasively with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI produces a diagnostic image by measuring the signals emitted from the body in the presence of a constant magnetic field and radiofrequency pulses. At each pixel, the signal decay constant, T2*, can be calculated, …

(Poster) Design And Fabrication Of A Custom Wrist Orthosis For Enhanced Patient Comfort, Marko Tasic, Matthew Hansen, Mang Lian, Demetre Mitchell, Rashedul Sarker, Renny Fernandez, Erin Peterson, Joseph Herzog, David Olawale, Najmus Saqib

ASEE IL-IN Section Conference

This custom wrist orthosis project is the continuation of efforts made by students in the R.B Annis School of Engineering during the 2017-2018 academic year. Throughout this project, we have implemented the Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) methodology to guide the design process. Within the R.B. Annis School of Engineering, this methodology has been adapted into guide the DesignSpine process. We have designed a new orthosis that is custom fabricated for enhanced patient comfort. In the occupational therapy field, patients have reportedly not been wearing their prescribed orthoses/braces, which are designed to stabilize injured areas so that they heal properly. …

Increasing Stem Literacy Through Directed Outreach, Liesl Krause, Nicole Vike, Yukai Zou, Jana Vincent

Engagement & Service-Learning Summit

5th Annual Engagement and Service-Learning Summit: Connecting Through Listening and Scholarship, Thursday February 28th, 2019, Hosted by the Office of Engagement and Purdue Honors College

Developing And Testing Of An Upper Limb Exoskeleton For Stroke Patients, Drew Dudley, David Salazar

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine functional and neuromuscular outcomes of stroke patients using their non-preferred hand with and without a 3D printed passive exoskeleton compared to controls using their non-preferred hand with and without the passive exoskeleton. Methods: Adults at least six months post stroke (Stroke, n = 5) and age- and sex- matched healthy controls (Control, n = 5) performed nine trials of a gross motor task while having their brain activity measured. The Fugl-Meyer and “Box and Block” test was used to measure the gross dexterity of the subjects with and without the …

Determining The Relationship Between Walking Activity And Inter-Day Patterns In Stroke Survivors, Sydney Andreasen

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Populations that have suffered from stroke are generally less active than people of otherwise similar demographics and are more susceptible to further health problems, such as another stroke. This study seeks to assess the validity of a treatment that encourages stroke survivors to walk more steps each day, in order to improve their active abilities and become less idle by establishing motivation for activity and therefore, also establishing patterns in the distribution of that activity throughout a stroke survivor’s day. 172 subjects (6 months post-stroke) have participated in a step activity monitoring program to record steps taken using wearable pedometers. …

Intensity And Pattern Of Daily Physical Activity Of Claudicating Patients, Cody Anderson

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

file:///C:/Users/codya/Desktop/Cody%20et%20al_2019_Human%20Movement%20Variability%20Conference.pdf

Efficacy Of Assistive Devices Produced With Additive Manufacturing, James Pierce

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Despite the frequency of musculoskeletal injuries such as sprains, broken bones and torn ligaments¹, treatment options are often costly, time-consuming and ill-fitted.^2,3 Additive manufacturing (“3D-printing) allows for the production of highly-customized and inexpensive assistive devices⁴, which suggests potential efficacy in the prescription of splints and casts for musculoskeletal injury.³ In the present study, a parametric, customizable splint/cast was created using a computer-aided design (CAD) package (Fusion 360, Autodesk, San Rafael, CA, USA) and produced with low-cost, desktop 3D printing (Ultimaker 2+ Extended, Ultimaker, Geldermalsen, Netherlands). Fitting of the devices was performed on five healthy …

Gait Alterations After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury And Implications For Return-To-Play Testing, Lindsey Remski

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Introduction: Reoccurring injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a major problem for individuals who undergo ACL reconstructive surgery despite them meeting current requirements for return-to-play. Previous studies have found alterations in gait kinetics and kinematics of ACL deficient and ACL reconstruction patients. It is unknown if gait parameters, such as peak joint angles and moments, provide different information about patient function from what is provided by return-to-play outcomes. Purpose: To assess the relationships between peak joint angles, peak joint moments, and return-to-play outcomes for individuals with ACL injury. Methods: 6 subjects (3 ACL reconstruction, 3 ACL deficient) performed …

Visual Contributions To Balance Control During Gait, Kyle Brozek

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

We propose to isolate the contributions of continuous OF to the orthogonal relationship between balance and gait control during treadmill walking using a series of conditions. Manipulating the direction of OF using a CAREN (Motek Medical, Amsterdam, Netherlands) virtual reality treadmill environment will isolate these visual contributions in human subjects as they walk. We plan to tease out the effect of OF direction on the relationship between gait and balance control by having healthy young adults perform a series of treadmill walking trials while immersed in a VR environment. This will be done by manipulating the direction of walking and …

Effects Of A Passive Dynamic Lower-Leg Exoskeleton During Walking, Blake Beier

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

The ankle joint is one of the most important joints during walking. If the muscles surrounding the ankle are weak, there are reductions in the ability to generate appropriate torques and powers at the ankle. This leads to slower self-selected walking speeds, which correlate with poor physical functioning, more disabilities, increased hospitalization visits and costs, and even mortality. Because of this, many orthotic and exoskeletal devices have been created to restore proper ankle function by promoting ankle plantar flexion. Utilizing 3D printing and an extension spring, we created an easily accessible, reproducible, and modifiable exoskeleton that has the potential to …