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Articles 1 - 30 of 266
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Latency And Distortion Compensation In Augmented Environments Using Electromagnetic Trackers, Henry Himberg
Latency And Distortion Compensation In Augmented Environments Using Electromagnetic Trackers, Henry Himberg
Theses and Dissertations
Augmented reality (AR) systems are often used to superimpose virtual objects or information on a scene to improve situational awareness. Delays in the display system or inaccurate registration of objects destroy the sense of immersion a user experiences when using AR systems. AC electromagnetic trackers are ideally for these applications when combined with head orientation prediction to compensate for display system delays. Unfortunately, these trackers do not perform well in environments that contain conductive or ferrous materials due to magnetic field distortion without expensive calibration techniques. In our work we focus on both the prediction and distortion compensation aspects of …
Scanning Laser Registration And Structural Energy Density Based Active Structural Acoustic Control, Daniel Alan Manwill
Scanning Laser Registration And Structural Energy Density Based Active Structural Acoustic Control, Daniel Alan Manwill
Theses and Dissertations
To simplify the measurement of energy-based structural metrics, a general registration process for the scanning laser doppler vibrometer (SLDV) has been developed. Existing registration techniques, also known as pose estimation or position registration, suffer from mathematical complexity, instrument specificity, and the need for correct optimization initialization. These difficulties have been addressed through development of a general linear laser model and hybrid registration algorithm. These are applicable to any SLDV and allow the registration problem to be solved using straightforward mathematics. Additionally, the hybrid registration algorithm eliminates the need for correct optimization initialization by separating the optimization process from solution selection. …
Active Noise Control Of A Two-Fan Exhaust-Mounted Array Using Near-Field Control Sources And Error Sensors, Ryan Leonard Rust
Active Noise Control Of A Two-Fan Exhaust-Mounted Array Using Near-Field Control Sources And Error Sensors, Ryan Leonard Rust
Theses and Dissertations
Multiple fans are sometimes used in an array configuration to cool various types of electronic equipment. In addition to adding another noise source, using two fans with closely spaced blade passage frequencies (BPF) can create an annoying beat frequency. A two fan array with each fan having a different BPF was considered. The fans were theoretically modeled at the BPF and first harmonics. Each fan has two acoustic paths to the far field. Thus, each fan was modeled as a two source array. The first control configuration consisted of one control filter using six control sources and six error sensors …
Development Of A Rigid Body Computational Model For Investigation Of Wrist Biomechanics, Benjamin Majors
Development Of A Rigid Body Computational Model For Investigation Of Wrist Biomechanics, Benjamin Majors
Theses and Dissertations
The wrist is one of the most complex joints in the human body. As such, the wrist joint is difficult to model due to the number of bones involved and its intricate soft tissue interactions. Many studies have attempted modeling the wrist previously; however, the majority of these studies simplify the joint into two-dimensions or idealized mechanical joints to reduce the complexity of the simulation. While these approaches still yield valuable information, the omission of a third-dimension or geometry defined movements limits the models’ usefulness in predicting joint function under non-idealized conditions. Therefore, the goal of this study was to …
Eit, Slow Light, And Sealing Methods For Embedding Rubidium Into The Arrow System, Katherine Barnett Hurd
Eit, Slow Light, And Sealing Methods For Embedding Rubidium Into The Arrow System, Katherine Barnett Hurd
Theses and Dissertations
Light-matter interactions are fundamentally based on the quantum mechanical principles that govern photons, electrons and other fundamental particles. One very interesting phenomenon within all of light-matter interactions is Electromagnetically Induced Transparency(EIT). This phenomenon causes an otherwise absorbing atomic transition to stop absorbing through quantum mechanical interference of probability wave functions. Corresponding to that change in absorption, will be a sudden, large change in the index of refraction. This change in the index of refraction leads to another phenomenon in which the group velocity of light can be slowed down dramatically. In the past, many researchers have been able to achieve …
The Use Of Building Information Modeling In Generating Hard Bid Estimates, Peter Samuel Jensen
The Use Of Building Information Modeling In Generating Hard Bid Estimates, Peter Samuel Jensen
Theses and Dissertations
Building Information Modeling has provided many benefits to the architectural, engineering, construction and facilities management communities. Many studies have been done to validate the asserted benefits, including benefits to the field of estimating. The studies on estimating are currently limited to the realm of conceptual estimates, and have only treated detailed estimates in the abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine how BIM was being used by companies in a hard bid, or detailed estimate scenario. The research team used the Deseret Towers housing project at Brigham Young University as the basis for the research. A building information …
Joining Polycrystalline Cubic Boron Nitride And Tungsten Carbide By Partial Transient Liquid Phase Bonding, Grant O. Cook Iii
Joining Polycrystalline Cubic Boron Nitride And Tungsten Carbide By Partial Transient Liquid Phase Bonding, Grant O. Cook Iii
Theses and Dissertations
Friction stir welding (FSW) of steel is often performed with an insert made of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN). Specifically, MS80 is a grade of PCBN made by Smith MegaDiamond that has been optimized for the FSW process. The PCBN insert is attached to a tungsten carbide (WC) shank by a compression fitting. However, FSW tools manufactured by this method inevitably fail by fracture in the PCBN. Permanently bonding PCBN to WC would likely solve the fracturing problem and increase the life of PCBN FSW tools to be economically viable. Partial transient liquid phase (PTLP) bonding, a process used to …
Modeling And Testing Of Dna Motion For Nanoinjection, Regis Agenor David
Modeling And Testing Of Dna Motion For Nanoinjection, Regis Agenor David
Theses and Dissertations
A new technique, called nanoinjection, is being developed to insert foreign DNA into a living cell. Such DNA transfection is commonly used to create transgenic organisms vital to the study of genetics, immunology, and many other biological sciences. In nanoinjection, DNA, which has a net negative charge, is electrically attracted to a micromachined lance. The lance then pierces the cell membranes, and the voltage on the lance is reversed, repelling the DNA into the cell. It is shown that DNA motion is strongly correlated to ion transport through a process called electrophoresis. Gel electrophoresis is used to move DNA using …
Hydraulic Conductivity Of Cement-Treated Soils And Aggregates After Freezing, Michael Scott Shea
Hydraulic Conductivity Of Cement-Treated Soils And Aggregates After Freezing, Michael Scott Shea
Theses and Dissertations
Improvements in the strength and durability of frost-susceptible soils and aggregates can be achieved through chemical stabilization using portland cement, where the efficacy of cement stabilization for improving durability depends on the degree to which hydraulic conductivity is reduced. Hydraulic conductivity is commonly estimated from basic soil properties using Moulton's empirical equation. However, the hydraulic conductivity estimation does not consider the detrimental effects of freezing or the benefits of cement stabilization. The purpose of this research was to derive new equations relating hydraulic conductivity after freezing to specific material properties of cement-treated soils and aggregates stabilized with different concentrations of …
4-D Modeling Of Displacement Vector Fields For Improved Radiation Therapy, Elizabeth Zachariah
4-D Modeling Of Displacement Vector Fields For Improved Radiation Therapy, Elizabeth Zachariah
Theses and Dissertations
In radiation therapy, it is imperative to deliver high doses of radiation to the tumor while reducing radiation to the healthy tissue. Respiratory motion is the most significant source of errors during treatment. Therefore, it is essential to accurately model respiratory motion for precise and effective radiation delivery. Many approaches exist to account for respiratory motion, such as controlled breath hold and respiratory gating, and they have been relatively successful. They still present many drawbacks. Thus, research has been expanded to tumor tracking. This paper presents a spatio-temporal model for four dimensional CT reconstruction. The method begins with a set …
Network Security Toolkit Including Heuristic Solutions For Trust System Placement And Network Obfuscation, Gabriel H. Greve
Network Security Toolkit Including Heuristic Solutions For Trust System Placement And Network Obfuscation, Gabriel H. Greve
Theses and Dissertations
For Part I, a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) network consists of a group stations and substations in a portion of the power grid. The use of Internet technology in SCADA communications as well as other factors has caused vulnerabilities. One idea to help mitigate this risk is to strategically place trust nodes to compartmentalize and secure the SCADA systems without disturbing its finely honed processes. The trust nodes combine firewall and intrusion detection technology to provide more secure communication. An optimal solution to this problem has already been developed using a mixed-integer linear programming model. Because the problem …
Flow Control Application On A Submerged Inlet Characterized By Three-Component Ldv, Tina H. Reynolds
Flow Control Application On A Submerged Inlet Characterized By Three-Component Ldv, Tina H. Reynolds
Theses and Dissertations
A submerged inlet investigation, using flow control in the form of discrete blowing, examined proximity and jet directionality to improve compressor face uniformity. The flow control locations were at the head of the ramp and part way down the ramp, providing four configurations under examination. Laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV)measurements at the throat determined the effect of the flow control based on the statistical velocity measurements. Blowing at closer proximity to the throat and targeting the largest velocity deficit region provided the best results. The airspeed and inlet velocity simulated takeoff and landing conditions; velocities ranged from Mach 0.1-0.3 at the …
Navigation With Limited Prior Information Using Time Difference Of Arrival Measurements From Signals Of Opportunity, Christopher M. Rondeau
Navigation With Limited Prior Information Using Time Difference Of Arrival Measurements From Signals Of Opportunity, Christopher M. Rondeau
Theses and Dissertations
The Global Positioning System (GPS) provides world-wide availability to high-accuracy navigation and positioning information. However, the threats to GPS are increasing, and many limitations of GPS are being encountered. Simultaneously, systems previously considered as viable backups or supplements to GPS are being shut down. This creates the need for system alternatives. Navigation using signals of opportunity (SoOP) exploits any signal that is available in a given area, regardless of whether or not the original intent of the signal was for navigation. Common techniques to compute a position estimate using SoOP include received signal strength, angle of arrival, time of arrival, …
Fatigue Behavior Of A Sic/Sic Composite At 1000⁰C In Air And In Steam, Michael W. Knauf
Fatigue Behavior Of A Sic/Sic Composite At 1000⁰C In Air And In Steam, Michael W. Knauf
Theses and Dissertations
Tension-tension fatigue behavior of a prototype Silicon Carbide/Silicon Carbide (SiC/SiC) ceramic matrix composite (CMC) material was investigated at 1000°C in laboratory air and in steam environments. The material consists of a SiC matrix reinforced with CG NICALON™ fibers woven in an eight harness satin weave (8HSW) and coated with a BN/SiC dual-layer interphase. The composite was manufactured by a Polymer Infiltration and Pyrolysis (PIP) process. A seal coat of SiC and elemental boron was applied to the test specimens after machining. The tensile stress-strain behavior was investigated and the tensile properties were measured at 1000°C. Tension-tension fatigue behavior was studied …
Performance Characterization Of A Three-Axis Hall Effect Thruster, Spencer E. Temkin
Performance Characterization Of A Three-Axis Hall Effect Thruster, Spencer E. Temkin
Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
A Space Acquisition Leading Indicator Based On System Interoperation Maturity, Jason T. Shibata
A Space Acquisition Leading Indicator Based On System Interoperation Maturity, Jason T. Shibata
Theses and Dissertations
The Department of Defense‘s space acquisition enterprise has experienced numerous challenges since the advent of space power. Space borne capabilities are needed more than ever, but space acquisition frequently fails to meet its goals. The decades of space acquisition experience form a rich history that can be used to build a leading indicator of success to enable effective program execution. First, the space acquisition areas of greatest concern were determined to be cost, schedule and requirements. These areas are considered as systems composed of the people, processes and products that execute the program. Second, the vital interoperation characteristics, or attributes …
Conceptual Design And Analysis Of Service Oriented Architecture (Soa) For Command And Control Of Space Assets, Eric B. Snyder
Conceptual Design And Analysis Of Service Oriented Architecture (Soa) For Command And Control Of Space Assets, Eric B. Snyder
Theses and Dissertations
The mission-unique model that has dominated the DoD satellite Command and Control community is costly and inefficient. It requires repeatedly “reinventing” established common C2 components for each program, unnecessarily inflating budgets and delivery schedules. The effective utilization of standards is scarce, and proprietary, non-open solutions are commonplace. IT professionals have trumpeted Service Oriented Architectures (SOAs) as the solution to large enterprise situations where multiple, functionally redundant but non-compatible information systems create large recurring development, test, maintenance, and tech refresh costs. This thesis describes the current state of Service Oriented Architectures as related to satellite operations and presents a functional analysis …
A Linear Combination Of Heuristics Approach To Spatial Sampling Hyperspectral Data For Target Tracking, Barry R. Secrest
A Linear Combination Of Heuristics Approach To Spatial Sampling Hyperspectral Data For Target Tracking, Barry R. Secrest
Theses and Dissertations
Persistent surveillance of the battlespace results in better battlespace awareness which aids in obtaining air superiority, winning battles, and saving friendly lives. Although hyperspectral imagery (HSI) data has proven useful for discriminating targets, it presents many challenges as a useful tool in persistent surveillance. A new sensor under development has the potential of overcoming these challenges and transforming our persistent surveillance capability by providing HSI data for a limited number of pixels and grayscale video for the remainder. The challenge of exploiting this new sensor is determining where the HSI data in the sensor's field of view will be the …
Effects Of Prior Aging At 274⁰C In Argon On Inelastic Deformation Behavior Of Pmr-15 Polymer At 288⁰C: Experiment And Modeling, Joseph A. Wahlquist
Effects Of Prior Aging At 274⁰C In Argon On Inelastic Deformation Behavior Of Pmr-15 Polymer At 288⁰C: Experiment And Modeling, Joseph A. Wahlquist
Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Synthesis And Characterization Of Electrospun Gelatin/Dendrimer Scaffold Encapsulated With A Silver As A Potential Antimicrobial Wound Dressing, Alpana Dongargaonkar
Synthesis And Characterization Of Electrospun Gelatin/Dendrimer Scaffold Encapsulated With A Silver As A Potential Antimicrobial Wound Dressing, Alpana Dongargaonkar
Theses and Dissertations
A novel nanofiber scaffold was fabricated and characterized as a potential antimicrobial wound dressing. Half generation polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer G3.5 was covalently conjugated to gelatin. Gelatin alone or with gelatin-dendrimer conjugates was electrospun into nanofiber scaffolds. Gelatin is a derivative of natural collagen, and it is biocompatible, non-toxic and inexpensive, making it a desirable component in a wound dressing. Dendrimers are synthetic polymers comprising of a central core, internal branches and reactive surface groups. They provide a structurally controlled architecture for drug release. Silver was incorporated into the scaffold in situ due to its broad spectrum of antimicrobial properties. The …
Identifying Potential Applications For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms And Evaluating Their Suitability For Credit-Card-Sized Products, Nathan Bryce Albrechtsen
Identifying Potential Applications For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms And Evaluating Their Suitability For Credit-Card-Sized Products, Nathan Bryce Albrechtsen
Theses and Dissertations
Lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs) are a maturing technology that is prepared for commercial implementation into new products. LEMs are defined by three functional characteristics; they (1) are compliant, (2) are fabricated from planar materials, and (3) emerge from a flat initial state. Advantages, design challenges, and design tools are described for each of the functional characteristics. Opportunities for LEMs are discussed, namely disposable LEMs, novel arrays of LEMs, scaled LEMs, LEMs with surprising motion, shock absorbing LEMs, and deployable LEMs. Technology push product development processes were employed to select applications for LEMs. LEM technology was characterized. In a LEM workshop, …
Development Of A Flexible Fpga-Based Platform For Flight Control System Research, Robert Demott
Development Of A Flexible Fpga-Based Platform For Flight Control System Research, Robert Demott
Theses and Dissertations
This work is part of ongoing research conducted at Virginia Commonwealth University relating to unmanned aerial vehicles. The primary objective of this thesis was to develop a flexible, high-performance autopilot platform in order to facilitate research on advanced flight control algorithms. A dual FPGA-based system architecture utilizing a stacked, multi-board design was created to meet this goal. Processing tasks were split between the two FPGA devices, allowing for improved system timing and increased throughput. A combination of analog and digital filtering techniques were employed in the new system, resulting in enhanced sensor accuracy and precision compared to the previous generation …
Development Of Electroencephalography Based Brain Controlled Switch And Nerve Conduction Study Simulator Software, Kai Qian
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigated the development of an EEG-based brain controlled switch and the design of a software for nerve conduction study. For EEG-based brain controlled switch, we proposed a novel paradigm for an online brain-controlled switch based on Event-Related Synchronizations (ERDs) following external sync signals. Furthermore, the ERD feature was enhanced by 3 event-related moving averages and the performance was tested online. Subjects were instructed to perform an intended motor task following an external sync signal in order to turn on a virtual switch. Meanwhile, the beta-band (16-20Hz) relative ERD power (ERD in reverse value order) of a single EEG …
Automated Tool Design For Complex Free-Form Components, Kevin G. Foster
Automated Tool Design For Complex Free-Form Components, Kevin G. Foster
Theses and Dissertations
In today's competitive manufacturing industries, companies strive to reduce manufacturing development costs and lead times in hopes of reducing costs and capturing more market share from early release of their new or redesigned products. Tooling lead time constraints are some of the more significant challenges facing product development of advanced free-form components. This is especially true for complex designs in which large dies, molds or other large forming tools are required. The lead time for tooling, in general, consists of three main components; material acquisition, tool design and engineering, and tool manufacturing. Lead times for material acquisition and tool manufacture …
Numerical Simulation Of Underground Solar Thermal Energy Storage, Marshall Sweet
Numerical Simulation Of Underground Solar Thermal Energy Storage, Marshall Sweet
Theses and Dissertations
The United States Department of Energy indicates that 97% of all homes in the US use fossil fuels either directly or indirectly for space heating. In 2005, space heating in residential homes was responsible for releasing approximately 502 million metric tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Meanwhile, the Sun provides the Earth with 1000 watts per square meter of power everyday. This document discusses the research of modeling a system that will capture and store solar energy during the summer for use during the following winter. Specifically, flat plate solar thermal collectors attached to the roof of a single …
Digital Implementation Of A True Random Number Generator, Sam Mitchum
Digital Implementation Of A True Random Number Generator, Sam Mitchum
Theses and Dissertations
Random numbers are important for gaming, simulation and cryptography. Random numbers have been generated using analog circuitry. Two problems exist with using analog circuits in a digital design: (1) analog components require an analog circuit designer to insure proper structure and functionality and (2) analog components are not easily transmigrated into a different fabrication technology. This paper proposes a class of random number generators that are constructed using only digital components and typical digital design methodology. The proposed classification is called divergent path since the path of generated numbers through the range of possible values diverges at every sampling. One …
Minimizing Base Column Demands In Multi-Story Buckling Restrained Braced Frames Using Genetic Algorithms, Christopher Hiroshi Yeates
Minimizing Base Column Demands In Multi-Story Buckling Restrained Braced Frames Using Genetic Algorithms, Christopher Hiroshi Yeates
Theses and Dissertations
Most structural optimization procedures focus on minimizing the total volume of steel in an attempt to reduce overall costs. However, many other factors can have an effect on the overall cost of a structure. Base column demands in particular, can affect base plate sizes, anchorage, and foundation design. Researchers have found that present methods for estimating column demands are too conservative. Nonlinear time history analyzes were conducted on buckling-restrained braced frames of six heights. Optimized results were found considering three ductility constraints and two optimization objectives. The two optimization objectives were minimized total brace area and minimized base column demands. …
Liquefaction Mitigation In Silty Sands At Salmon Lake Dam Using Stone Columns And Wick Drains, Emily Dibb Thiriot
Liquefaction Mitigation In Silty Sands At Salmon Lake Dam Using Stone Columns And Wick Drains, Emily Dibb Thiriot
Theses and Dissertations
Stone columns are an established method of liquefaction mitigation in clean sands (fines content <15%). Although stone columns are considered less effective in silty soils, an increase in the area replacement ratio or the addition of wick drains may still produce improvement in the normalized blow count. Limited case histories are available with a direct comparison of the use of stone columns with and without wick drains at one location. The Salmon Lake Dam Modification project provided such a scenario. Two test sections were completed at the site prior to construction to determine the area replacement ratio for the final design as well as to compare the application of stone columns with and without wick drains. Visual observations of water and air escaping from wick drains within a distance of 15 ft of the stone column construction confirmed that drains aided in pore pressure dissipation. Test results indicated that stone column treatment with wick drains produced greater improvement in blow count than stone column treatment without drains. For the overall site, there was an increase in improvement ranging from 3 to 8 SPT blow counts. When compared to the results of a similar evaluation of a site in Ogden, Utah, which had a comparable fines content and an area replacement ratio of 26%, the increase in stone column effectiveness produced by adding wick drains was lower at the Salmon Lake Dam site. The increase in improvement at the Ogden, Utah site ranged from 12 to 18 SPT blow counts. At the Ogden site, wick drains were placed between every stone column while they were only placed between vertical rows of columns at Salmon Lake dam. Despite the beneficial effects provided by using wick drains with stone column treatment in silty soils, the performance was below what would be expected for stone column treatment without wick drains in clean sands with less than 15% fines. Stone column treatment also proved less effective in layers of sandy silt than in layers of silty sand, which was indicated by lower average improvement and more points of negative improvement in layers of sandy silt. Although several different area replacement ratios were analyzed (23, 27, 31, and 35%), no consistent trend towards greater improvement in blow count was seen as the replacement ratio increased beyond 23%.
Investigation Of Mechanical Differentials As Continuously Variable Transmissions, Dax B. Wells
Investigation Of Mechanical Differentials As Continuously Variable Transmissions, Dax B. Wells
Theses and Dissertations
In recent years the increasing demand for fuel efficient and less pollutant vehicles has stimulated the development of hybrid and electric vehicles. These vehicle platforms often incorporate drivetrains which utilize multiple power sources for vehicle propulsion in an effort to increase fuel mileage and reduce emissions. Coupling multiple power sources, such as an internal combustion engine and electric motor(s), has new challenges in drivetrain design. Understanding the torque and rpm relationships within the power transmission device used to combine power sources is fundamental to overcoming the design challenges associated with hybrid and electric vehicle platforms. Results from this research include …
A Flexible Context Architecture For A Multi-User Gui, Yue Xu
A Flexible Context Architecture For A Multi-User Gui, Yue Xu
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis focuses on the design and development of a flexible context architecture for a multi-user GUI that serves several users engaged in collaborative computer-aided applications (CAx). The objective of this thesis is to extend previous research into multi-user GUI's by providing multiple users with a flexible context interface for interaction with other users working on the same part at distributed locations. The investigation will consider how distributed users, through user interfaces, interact to simultaneously build models and how interaction context might be presented to regulate the way they wish to interact. The implementation integrates a Multi-User GUI (MUG) with …