Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Keyword
-
- Automated guidance (2)
- Erosion (2)
- Guidance systems (2)
- Implements (2)
- Runoff (2)
-
- Soil loss (2)
- Farmsteads. (1)
- Agricultural chemicals (1)
- Anaerobic bacteria (1)
- Animal Waste (1)
- Beef cattle manure (1)
- Bran (1)
- Conservation farming (1)
- Decision making; Remote sensing; Precision farming; Precision crop management (1)
- Decortication (1)
- Diffusion (1)
- Eutrophication (1)
- Fertilizer (1)
- Grass filters (1)
- Hypoxia (1)
- Instrumentation (1)
- Lagoon effluent (1)
- Land application (1)
- Manure application (1)
- Manure management practices (1)
- Milling (1)
- Monitors (1)
- Near-infrared spectroscopy; NIRS; Aqueous solution; Quantification of analytes; Glucose (1)
- No-till (1)
- No-till systems (1)
Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Runoff And Soil Loss As Affected By The Application Of Manure, John E. Gilley, L. Mark Risse
Runoff And Soil Loss As Affected By The Application Of Manure, John E. Gilley, L. Mark Risse
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Manure has been used effectively to improve crop production and soil properties because it contains nutrients and organic matter. While it is generally accepted that the improved soil properties associated with manure application lead to changes in runoff and soil erosion, few studies have quantified these impacts. Water quality models used to assess watershed management and estimate total maximum daily load must accurately predict loading rates from fields where manure has been applied. This study was conducted to assemble and summarize information quantifying the effects of manure application on runoff and soil loss resulting from natural precipitation events, and to …
Fuzzy Composite Programming To Combine Remote Sensing And Crop Models For Decision Support In Precision Crop Management, David D. Jones, E. M. Barnes
Fuzzy Composite Programming To Combine Remote Sensing And Crop Models For Decision Support In Precision Crop Management, David D. Jones, E. M. Barnes
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Precision crop management is by definition a multi-objective decision-making process that must incorporate a diversity of data, opinion, preference and objective. This paper details an approach to decision making that allows users to express individual or corporate values and preferences; highlights the degree of imprecision associated with each input; highlights the degree of imprecision associated with each alternative; facilitates structuring of the decision process; reduces several levels of complex information into a single chart; allows examination of trade-off between alternatives and interests; and forces examination of inter-relationships between interest. The addition of using remote sensing data provides an efficient method …
Phototrophic Anaerobic Lagoons As Affected By Copper And Zinc In Swine Diets, John E. Gilley, Daniel P. Spare, Richard K. Koelsch, Dennis D. Schulte, Phillip S. Miller, Anne M. Parkhurst
Phototrophic Anaerobic Lagoons As Affected By Copper And Zinc In Swine Diets, John E. Gilley, Daniel P. Spare, Richard K. Koelsch, Dennis D. Schulte, Phillip S. Miller, Anne M. Parkhurst
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Odor emissions from anaerobic lagoons containing large populations of phototrophic bacteria are usually minimal. This study was conducted to determine whether copper (123 ppm) and zinc (2,310 ppm) in diets fed to weanling pigs for therapeutic purposes affect phototrophic conditions within lagoons. Column reactors containing 47 L of swine lagoon sludge and supernatant were used to represent lagoons. The reactors were placed in an environmental chamber maintained at 24° C. Copper, zinc, and control manure were added to the reactors at a volatile solids loading rate of 128 gvs m–3 da–1 using a hydraulic retention time of …
Fractional Composition Of Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor) After Wet-Peeling In A Centrifugal Pump, K. R. Lochte-Watson, Curtis L. Weller, Kent M. Eskridge
Fractional Composition Of Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor) After Wet-Peeling In A Centrifugal Pump, K. R. Lochte-Watson, Curtis L. Weller, Kent M. Eskridge
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Use of a centrifugal pump to peel and facilitate separation of grain sorghum kernels into three fractions was investigated. Special emphasis was given to separating fractions to achieve a high concentration of wax in one fraction and a high concentration of starch in another. Trials were conducted to determine the effects of both soak time and recirculation time on wet-peeling. After peeling, three fractions, peeled kernel, bran, and suspended solids, were collected. Together, the bran and suspended solids fractions contained 12.7% of the initial total dry solids, 90% of initial wax, and 8.1% of the initial starch. Peeled kernel fraction …
Narrow Grass Hedge Effects On Phosphorus And Nitrogen In Runoff Following Manure And Fertilizer Application, B. Eghball, John E. Gilley, L. A. Kramer, T. B. Moorman
Narrow Grass Hedge Effects On Phosphorus And Nitrogen In Runoff Following Manure And Fertilizer Application, B. Eghball, John E. Gilley, L. A. Kramer, T. B. Moorman
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Runoff losses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from field applied manure can contribute to surface water pollution. Grass hedges may reduce runoff losses of nutrients and sediment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of narrow switchgrass (,i>Panicum virgatum L.) hedges (~0.75 m wide) on the transport of P and N from a field receiving beef cattle feedlot manure under tilled and n-till conditions. This study was conducted on a steep (12% average slope) Monona silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls) soil near Treynor, Iowa. The experiment was a split-plot with no-till and …
Performance Tests Of Three-Point Mounted Implement Guidance Systems: Ii. Results, Michael F. Kocher, Michael B. Smith, Robert D. Grisso, Linda J. Young
Performance Tests Of Three-Point Mounted Implement Guidance Systems: Ii. Results, Michael F. Kocher, Michael B. Smith, Robert D. Grisso, Linda J. Young
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Side-shift and disk-steer implement guidance systems were tested for differences in performance during cultivation on fields with 0 and 5% side slope. Test speeds were slow (4.8 km/h, 3 mph) and medium (8.0 km/h, 5 mph). Test path shapes included a tractor ramp, implement ramp, sine and curve. Performance measures included tractor positional error, implement positional error, torque from side forces on the cultivator non-swiveling coulters, and travel speed. Relatively few significant differences between guidance systems were detected, and most of those involved interaction with path shape. Therefore, no clear conclusion could be reached indicating one guidance system was better …
Performance Tests Of Three-Point Mounted Implement Guidance Systems: I. Procedure, Michael F. Kocher, Michael B. Smith, Robert D. Grisso, Leonard L. Bashford
Performance Tests Of Three-Point Mounted Implement Guidance Systems: I. Procedure, Michael F. Kocher, Michael B. Smith, Robert D. Grisso, Leonard L. Bashford
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
A procedure is presented for determining the performance of three-point mounted implement guidance systems. A test track with tractor ramp, implement ramp, sine wave, and curve path shapes was used as the desired path to guide the tractor and implement, and as a reference location for measuring implement positional errors. Potentiometers were used with mechanical frames to measure the tractor and implement positional errors (lateral displacement between the intended and actual travel paths). An optoelectronic sensor triggered acquisition of data from all sensors at known locations [15.2 cm (6 in.) intervals] along the track. The accumulated errors for the tractor …
Waste Assessment Of Agricultural Chemicals, Petroleum Products And Maintenance Residuals On Farmsteads, Sherman D. Reed, Robert D. Grisso, Wayne E. Woldt, Shirley M. Niemeyer
Waste Assessment Of Agricultural Chemicals, Petroleum Products And Maintenance Residuals On Farmsteads, Sherman D. Reed, Robert D. Grisso, Wayne E. Woldt, Shirley M. Niemeyer
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
The purpose of this study was to evaluate waste management practices of purchasing, handling, storage, and disposal of agricultural chemicals, petroleum products, and maintenance residuals. One-hundred surveys were returned by agricultural producers from three Nebraska counties selected based on unique environmental and waste management issues. Twenty-four questions concerning agricultural chemicals and 16 questions directed to petroleum products and maintenance residuals are discussed. A follow-up interview with 45 respondents was conducted “on-site” to gain insight into their reported practices, perceptions, and actual practices. Most farmers (66%) tended to purchase pesticides in 3.8 to 10 L (1-2.5 gal) containers and most (79%) …
Water Vapor Transport Parameters Of A Cast Wheat Gluten Film, Soumya Roy, Aristippos Gennadios, Curtis Weller, Robert F. Testin
Water Vapor Transport Parameters Of A Cast Wheat Gluten Film, Soumya Roy, Aristippos Gennadios, Curtis Weller, Robert F. Testin
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Understanding the mode of transport of water vapor through the film is important for improving the moisture barrier properties of wheat gluten (WG) films. Effective permeability (Peff), solubility (Seff), and diffusion (Deff) coefficients of a hydrophilic cast WG film were determined at 25°C within the relative humidity (RH) range of 0–84% (with a 9–13% RH gradient between upstream and downstream water vapor flux). Peff, Seff, and Deff increased substantially as the RH gradient moved upwards in the RH spectrum. Peff increased by four orders of …
Effect Of Sample Complexity On Quantification Of Analytes In Aqueous Samples By Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Mark R. Riley, Mark A. Arnold, David W. Murhammer
Effect Of Sample Complexity On Quantification Of Analytes In Aqueous Samples By Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Mark R. Riley, Mark A. Arnold, David W. Murhammer
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
This study was undertaken to quantitate the impact of increasing sample complexity on near-infrared spectroscopic (NIRS) measurements of small molecules in aqueous solutions with varying numbers of components. Samples with 2, 6, or 10 varying components were investigated. Within the 10-component samples, three analytes were quantified with errors below 6% and seven of the analytes were quantified with errors below 10%. An increase in the number of varying components can substantially increase the error associated with measurement. A comparison of measurement errors across sample sets, as gauged by the standard error of prediction (SEP), reveals that an increase in the …
Narrow Grass Hedge Effects On Runoff And Soil Loss, John E. Gilley, B. Eghball, L. A. Kramer, T. B. Moorman
Narrow Grass Hedge Effects On Runoff And Soil Loss, John E. Gilley, B. Eghball, L. A. Kramer, T. B. Moorman
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
This rainfall simulation study provided information on the effects of 0.72 m (2.4 ft) wide switchgrass hedges located at the bottom of plots on runoff an soil loss under both no-till and tilled conditions. The study area, which had slopes ranging from 8 to 16%, had produced corn for 33 years and the grass hedges had been established for 6 years. Simulated rainfall [64 mm hr-1)] was applied for two hours to plots [3.7 m (12 ft) wide by 10.7 m (35.1 ft) long] with corn residue and to plots where corn residue was removed. The narrow grass …
Laboratory And Field Testing Of Seed Spacing Uniformity For Sugarbeet Planters, Jonathan W. Panning, Michael F. Kocher, John A. Smith, Stephen D. Kachman
Laboratory And Field Testing Of Seed Spacing Uniformity For Sugarbeet Planters, Jonathan W. Panning, Michael F. Kocher, John A. Smith, Stephen D. Kachman
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Five planter configurations were evaluated for seed spacing uniformity at three field speeds using a seed location method in the field and a laboratory method involving an opto-electronic sensor system. Planter seed spacing uniformity was described using the Coefficient of Precision (CP3) measure. Results showed that CP3 measures determined using the laboratory test method were significantly different from those determined using the field test method. This indicated the laboratory test method cannot be used to predict planter seed spacing uniformity in the field. Seed spacing uniformity determined in laboratory tests was higher than, or equal to, seed spacing uniformity determined …
Determination Of Semivariogram Models To Krige Hourly And Daily Solar Irradiance In Western Nebraska*, G.G. Merino, D. Jones, David Stooksbury, Kenneth Hubbard
Determination Of Semivariogram Models To Krige Hourly And Daily Solar Irradiance In Western Nebraska*, G.G. Merino, D. Jones, David Stooksbury, Kenneth Hubbard
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
In this paper, linear and spherical semivariogram models were determined for use in kriging hourly and daily solar irradiation for every season of the year. The data used to generate the models were from 18 weather stations in western Nebraska. The models generated were tested using cross validation. The performance of the spherical and linear semivariogram models were compared with each other and also with the semivariogram models based on the best fit to the sample semivariogram of a particular day or hour. There were no significant differences in the performance of the three models. This result and the comparable …