# Engineering Commons™

Articles 1 - 30 of 118

## Full-Text Articles in Engineering

#### Development Of A Matlab Gui To Assist The Active Comprehension Of Biomedical Transport Phenomena Using A Visual Aid, Pranav Suri

##### Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Studies show that inductive teaching methods for Biomedical Transport Phenomena greatly benefit from an accompanying visual aid. The following project aimed to develop a MATLAB GUI application that illustrates steady-state heat transfer with a graph and heat map using user-defined boundary conditions and numerical parameters. The application was evaluated using a survey that first familiarized the user with the GUI by running through heat transfer exercises, then allowed the user to experiment with the application, and finally asked users about their experiences using a questionnaire. The responses indicate that the GUI was received positively overall, and that a MATLAB component ...

Modeling Nonlinear Heat Transfer For A Pin-On-Disc Sliding System, Brian A. Boardman Mar 2020

#### Modeling Nonlinear Heat Transfer For A Pin-On-Disc Sliding System, Brian A. Boardman

##### Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this research is to develop a numerical method to characterize heat transfer and wear rates for samples of Vascomax® 300, or Maraging 300, steel. A pin-on-disc experiment was conducted in which samples were exposed to a high-pressure, high-speed, sliding contact environment. This sliding contact generates frictional heating that influences the temperature distribution and wear characteristics of the test samples. A two-dimensional nonlinear heat transfer equation is discretized and solved via a second-order explicit finite difference scheme to predict the transient temperature distribution of the pin. This schematic is used to predict the removal of material from the ...

Jan 2020

#### Thermal Atomization Due To Boiling During Droplet Impingement On Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Preston Todd Emerson

##### Theses and Dissertations

Superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces are characterized by their extraordinary water repellent qualities. When water comes in contact with these surfaces, it beads up and rolls around. This phenomenon is due partially to surface chemistry which promotes weak adhesive forces between liquid and solid. However, micro- and nanoscale surface roughness also plays a crucial role by trapping air beneath the liquid, reducing liquid-solid contact. Many advantages of these surfaces have been identified, including drag reduction and self-cleaning properties, and the body of research regarding them has grown rapidly over the past few decades.This thesis is concerned with water droplets impinging superheated ...

#### Customized Boron And Magnesium-Based Reactive Materials Prepared By High Energy Mechanical Milling, Xinhang Liu

##### Dissertations

New reactive materials need to be developed having biocidal combustion products. When ignited, such material can add chemical biocidal effects to the common effects of high temperature and pressure. Biocidal combustion products are capable of deactivating harmful spores or bacteria, which can be released by targets containing biological weapons of mass destruction. Research showed that halogens, especially iodine, are effective as biocidal components of reactive material formulations. Recently, magnesium combustion product MgO is also found to have a biocidal effect. Thus, advanced formulations containing both magnesium and iodine are of interest; such formulations are prepared and investigated here.

Reactive materials ...

Critical Radius Of Insulation, Maria N. Ambrose, Samuel J. Sayre, Travis W. Martin, Matt T. Sterling Dec 2019

#### Critical Radius Of Insulation, Maria N. Ambrose, Samuel J. Sayre, Travis W. Martin, Matt T. Sterling

##### Mechanical Engineering

The critical radius of insulation is a counterintuitive concept within the study of heat transfer. The theory states that adding insulation to a cylindrical or spherical object will increase the rate of heat loss rather than decrease it, if the radius (thickness) of the insulation is at its “critical” value. The Critical Radius of Insulation Senior Project is designed to demonstrate this phenomenon to Heat Transfer students via a portable apparatus. The concept will be demonstrated with a cylindrical object which is heated by way of a separate voltage source. Thermocouples will display the temperature of the cylinder while insulation ...

Oct 2019

#### Enhanced Heat Transfer In Spray Cooling Through Surface Modifications: An Experimental And Computational Study, Azzam Saadi Salman

##### Theses and Dissertations

Today, dissipating high heat flux safely is one of the greatest challenges for thermal engineers in thermal management systems, and it becomes a critical barrier to technological developments for many engineering applications. Due to technological advances and aggressive micro-miniaturization of electronic components, the surface area of most devices has shrunk while the computational power increased exponentially. Therefore, the amount of heat dissipated from surfaces has increased significantly. Numerous cooling techniques have been introduced to replace the traditional air cooling systems and to maintain the efficiency and reliability of electronic components. Microelectronics work efficiently and safely at surface temperatures of < 100 ℃ and 125 ℃ for general and defense applications, respectively. One of the proposed alternative schemes is spray cooling, which is considered one of the most advanced cooling methods. It is used for high and ultra-high heat flux dissipation, as it can dissipate 150-200 W/cm2 while maintaining the surface temperature within this range. Also, spray cooling removes a large amount of energy at a lower liquid flow rate compared to other cooling techniques, such as jet impingement and microchannel heat sink. The thermal performance of spray cooling systems can be enhanced either actively or passively. Active enhancement is a very efficient technique; however, it adds more pumping power. The present work focuses on three main objectives: evaluating and analyzing spray cooling performance, developing a three-dimensional numerical multi-phase model for heat transfer process in spray cooling and enhancing the thermal performance of spray cooling passively.

First ...

A Model For Condensation Heat Transfer In Hydrophobic-­Hydrophilic Surfaces, Abdulwahab E. Alhashem Jul 2019

#### A Model For Condensation Heat Transfer In Hydrophobic-­Hydrophilic Surfaces, Abdulwahab E. Alhashem

##### Theses and Dissertations

The primary focus of this research is to provide a validated model for a comprehensive understanding of hydrophobic-­‐hydrophilic condensation on patterned-­‐ hybrid surface. Establishing the model requires the modeling of fully dropwise condensation (DWC) before applying modifications to evaluate heat transfer performance of patterned-­‐hybrid condensation surface.

The model for fully DWC consists of defining expressions for heat transfer through a single drop, maximum radius of the drop and drop-­‐size distribution which all are primarily based on the work in the literature. In this work the author utilized a proposed modified version of the simulation for drop-­‐size ...

#### Numerical Analysis On Convective Cooling Augmented By Evaporative Heat And Mass Transfer For Thermal Power Plant Application, Sudipta Saha

##### Theses and Dissertations

This thesis work describes a numerical study on the effect of evaporative cooling on the augmentation of forced convective cooling. In recent years, on-demand phase change boosted cooling has drawn major interest where convective heat transfer is augmented/aided by evaporative heat and mass transport processes. This dual mode (convection and evaporation) cooling method is envisioned to drastically enhance the heat transfer coefficient where conventional convective cooling has already reached its maximum value and furthermore dry cooling is still a desired objective. A multi- dimensional mathematical model has been developed to conduct simulations over a range of operating parameters to ...

#### Experimental Study On Transient Behavior Of Water And Nanofluid In Multiport Slab Minichannel Heat Exchangers, Shahram Fotowat

##### Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Heat exchangers are essential components of many systems and their use is extended to include various industrial, chemical, and automotive applications. A dynamic response study of a heat exchanger is essential for better representation of its design, selection, and analysis as it operates in conjunction with other process equipment. This study aims to experimentally investigate the transient performance of compact heat exchangers. A wide-range well prepared experimental setup is designed and assembled to examine the transient behavior of various types of cross-flow liquid to air heat exchangers. This set up is capable of stepping up or down the temperatures and ...

Jan 2019

#### Ignition And Extinction Behavior Of Fuels In A Microcombustor, Pawan Sharma

##### LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Conventional fuel testing device-CFR engine requires large quantities of fuels, which makes it unsuitable for research of small samples of fuels. This current study seeks to address this limitation by using an externally heated microcombustor as an alternative fuel testing device. Mainly three combustion behaviors have been observed inside a microcombustor: strong flames at higher flow rates, Flames with Repetitive Extinction and Ignition (FREI) at intermediate flow rates, and weak flames at marginal flow rates. In previous studies, weak combustion behavior has been proven suitable to study fuel properties from small samples of fuels. Microcombustor experiments typically rely on flame ...

Dec 2018

#### Liquid-To-Liquid Low Grade Waste Heat Recovery Using A Two-Channel Loop, Waleed Farwana

##### Master's Theses

The use of thermoelectric generators (TEGs) for producing electric energy from low grade “waste heat” has been theorized to provide a sustainable and low-cost energy source for electric power plants. The purpose of this study is to model and experimentally validate a TEG device that takes advantage of low grade waste heat (approximately 100-150 degrees Celsius) in liquid form in order to generate power that can be used for various applications in the surrounding environment. This research aims to demonstrate that optimized TEG designs bear the potential to compete with other methods of low grade waste heat energy harvesting in ...

#### Optimization Of The Practice Of Slow Cooling Steel Bars: A Redesign And Modernization Of Materials, Eryn Johnston

##### Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Throughout the process of steel making, certain grades of steel are a higher risk for defects caused by the inability to quickly diffuse hydrogen through the steel when cooled to room temperature at a normal rate based on the ambient air temperature. To reduce the hydrogen flaking defects that are caused due to hydrogen entrapment in the steel, the process of slow cooling is utilized. This process reduces the cooling rate of steel bars by keeping them at a higher temperature for extended periods and in turn gives the hydrogen a chance to fully dissipate from the steel. In many ...

Aug 2018

#### Investigations Into The Airside Cooling Of A Heat Exchanger, David Vallet

##### UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In this study we investigate the air-side cooling of a flat-plate fin and tube heat transfer condenser with numerical simulations. A new design is proposed which utilises vortex generators to direct the flow in such a way as to remove some of the stagnant heated air that collects in the wake of the pipes. A comparative study of the proposed design and a standard tube and fin condenser is conducted by varying the air side entrance velocities. The Shear Stress Tension, SST $\kappa - \omega$ 2-equation turbulent model is used to solve the RANS model in ANSYS Fluent 18. The results ...

Aug 2018

#### Selecting The Most Effective Energy Modeling Tool Based On A Project Requirement, Sodiq Akande

##### Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Building energy usage can be derived and controlled by performing building energy modeling. BEM can be performed using numerous software tools such as DesignBuilder, OpenStudio, EnergyPlus etc. These modeling tools can be sorted into three different modeling categories: Black-box, Gray-box and White-box. It is important for a modeler to be able to quickly select the proper tool from the proper category to meet the need of the project. To validate the method of categorizing tools, the three models generated using tools from each category and the modeling outputs required were compared. Each model was designed to estimate the amount of ...

Heat Flow Characterization Of Speakers, Sabrina M. Gough, Lydia K. Hedge, Nicolas M. Jones Jun 2018

#### Heat Flow Characterization Of Speakers, Sabrina M. Gough, Lydia K. Hedge, Nicolas M. Jones

##### Mechanical Engineering

Statement of Confidentiality: The complete senior project report was submitted to the project advisor and sponsor. The results of this project are of a confidential nature and will not be published at this time.

Jan 2018

#### Development And Thermal Management Of A Dynamically Efficient, Transient High Energy Pulse System Model, Nathaniel J. Butt

##### Browse all Theses and Dissertations

As technology advances, the abilities of civilian and military vehicles, both air and ground, will undoubtedly increase as well. One of the main areas of improvement is in the electronics area. The new electronics are ever smaller, use ever higher amounts of electrical power, and require ever smaller temperature tolerances. This leads to the problem of effectively managing the increasing thermal loads and temperature tolerances on these systems. One electronic system that causes concern is a high energy pulse system (HEPS). These devices have very high thermal loads (100s of kW). On an air vehicle, where thermal management by legacy ...

#### Material Thermal Property Estimation Of Fibrous Insulation: Heat Transfer Modeling And The Continuous Genetic Algorithm, Elora Frye

##### Theses and Dissertations

Material thermal properties are highly sought after to better understand the performance of a material under particular conditions. As new materials are created, their physical properties will determine their performance for various applications. These properties have been estimated using many techniques including experimental testing, numerical modeling, and a combination of both. Existing methods can be time consuming, thus, a time-efficient and precise method to estimate these thermal properties was desired. A one-dimensional finite difference numerical model was developed to replicate the heat transfer through an experimental apparatus. A combination of this numerical model and the Continuous Genetic Algorithm optimization technique ...

Optimization Of Heat Sinks In A Range Of Configurations., Archibald Allswell Amoako Jan 2018

#### Optimization Of Heat Sinks In A Range Of Configurations., Archibald Allswell Amoako

##### Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this study, different heatsink geometries used for electronic cooling are studied and compared to each other to determine the most efficient. The goal is to optimize heat transfer of the heat sinks studied in a range of configuration based on fin geometry. Heat sinks are thermal conductive material devices designed to absorb and disperse heat from high-temperature objects (e.g. Computer CPU). Common materials used in the manufacturing of heat sinks are aluminum and copper due to their relatively high thermal conductivity and lightweight [1]. Aluminum is used as the material for the heatsinks studied in this research project ...

Design And Analysis Of Compressed Air Power Harvesting Systems, Zachary James Sadler Dec 2017

#### Design And Analysis Of Compressed Air Power Harvesting Systems, Zachary James Sadler

##### Theses and Dissertations

Procedure for site discovery, system design, and optimization of power harvesting systems is developed with an emphasis on application to air compressors. Limitations for the usage of infrared pyrometers is evaluated. A system of governing equations for thermoelectric generators is developed. A solution method for solving the system of equations is created in order to predict power output from the device. Payback analysis is proposed for determining economic viability. A genetic algorithm is used to optimize the power harvesting system payback with changing quantities and varieties of thermoelectric generators, as well as the back work put into cooling the thermoelectric ...

Design And Analysis Of Compressed Air Power Harvesting Systems, Zachary James Sadler Dec 2017

#### Design And Analysis Of Compressed Air Power Harvesting Systems, Zachary James Sadler

##### Theses and Dissertations

Procedure for site discovery, system design, and optimization of power harvesting systems is developed with an emphasis on application to air compressors. Limitations for the usage of infrared pyrometers is evaluated. A system of governing equations for thermoelectric generators is developed. A solution method for solving the system of equations is created in order to predict power output from the device. Payback analysis is proposed for determining economic viability. A genetic algorithm is used to optimize the power harvesting system payback with changing quantities and varieties of thermoelectric generators, as well as the back work put into cooling the thermoelectric ...

#### Hydrodynamic And Thermal Effects Of Sub-Critical Heating On Superhydrophobic Surfaces And Microchannels, Adam M. Cowley

##### Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the effects of heating on superhydrophobic (SHPo) surfaces. The work is divided into two main categories: heat transfer without mass transfer and heat transfer in conjunction with mass transfer. Numerical methods are used to explore the prior while experimental methods are utilized for the latter. The numerical work explores convective heat transfer in SHPo parallel plate microchannels and is separated into two stand-alone chapters that have been published archivally. The first considers surfaces with a rib/cavity structure and the second considers surfaces patterned with a square lattice of square posts. Laminar, fully developed, steady flow ...

Sep 2017

#### The Development And Numerical Modelling Of A Representative Elemental Volume For Packed Sand, Ashraf Thabet

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The motivation of this thesis is the development of simple microscopic-scale model (representative elemental volume; REV) that can be used to conduct flow and heat transfer simulations from which closure coefficients can be established for the volume-averaged transport equations for porous media (packed bed). The thesis provides a brief introduction to the computational technique adopted for the geometric generation of the REV (YADE), followed by a parametric study undertaken to reveal the minimum number of particles inside the REV that are required to mimic the appropriate physics. Additional analysis was conducted with the goal of determining the influence of deviation ...

Aug 2017

#### Modelling Of Convective Heat Transfer In Porous Media, Jeremy Vu

##### Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This thesis details the process taken for the computational modelling of convective heat transfer in porous media. An in-house porous continuum model is modified to improve the prediction of heat transfer which is obtained when forcing fluid through porous blocks heated from one side. The results are compared to those obtained from CFD simulations performed using commercial software. Results indicated that a modification to conductivity the solid phase of the porous material must be included due to the tortuosity, or the complexity of the solid structure. Previously the tortuosity was not considered when calculating the effective solid phase conductivity.The ...

Jul 2017

#### Simulated Dynamics Of Soil Water And Pore Vapor In A Semi-Arid Sandy Ecosystem, Shohreh Pedram

##### Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Understanding dynamics of soil water content (SWC) and pore air relative humidity (RHpa), as influenced by wetting-drying cycles, is crucial for sustaining fragile ecosystems of desert lands across the world and needed for improving the prediction accuracy of global climate change. However, to date, such an understanding is still incomplete. The objective of this dissertation was to examine such dynamics at a typical desert site within the Horqin Sandy Land, located in Mongolian Plateau of north China. The examination was done by using a HYDRUS-1D computer simulation model and the continuous sensor-based soil water data for two calendar years. HYDRUS-1D ...

Heat Transfer In Silicon – Experiments And Simulation, Chihlin Huang Jan 2017

#### Heat Transfer In Silicon – Experiments And Simulation, Chihlin Huang

##### Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to study the heat transfer in silicon. Silicon is the key semiconductor material, and thermal processing is the traditional method that is used in semiconductor processing. In this research, we can predict the temperature

Dec 2016

#### Deterministic Neutron Transport And Multiphysics Experimental Safety Analyses At The High Flux Isotope Reactor, Christopher James Hurt

##### Doctoral Dissertations

The computational ability to accurately predict the conditions in an experiment under irradiation is a valuable tool in the operation of a research reactor whose scientific mission includes isotope production, materials irradiation, and neutron activation analysis. Understanding of different governing physics is required to ascertain satisfactory conditions within the experiment: the neutron transport behavior throughout the reactor and the coupled behavior of heat transfer, structural mechanics and fluid flow. Computational methods and tools were developed for robust numerical analysis of experiment behavior at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR), including fully-coupled thermo-mechanics in three plutonium-238 ...

Thermal Transport In Lithium Ion Batteries: An Experimental Investigation Of Interfaces And Granular Materials, Aalok Jaisheela Uday Gaitonde Dec 2016

#### Thermal Transport In Lithium Ion Batteries: An Experimental Investigation Of Interfaces And Granular Materials, Aalok Jaisheela Uday Gaitonde

##### Open Access Theses

Increasing usage and recent accidents due to lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries exploding or catching on fire has inspired research on the characterization and thermal management of these batteries. In cylindrical 18650 cells, heat generated during the battery's charge/discharge cycle is poorly dissipated to the surrounding through its metallic case due to the poor thermal conductivity of the jelly roll, which is spirally wound with many interfaces between electrodes and the polymeric separator. This work presents a technique to measure the thermal conduction across the metallic case-plastic separator interface, which ultimately limits heat transfer out of the jelly roll.

The ...

Thermo-Mechanical System Identification Of A Shape Memory Alloy Actuated Mechanism, Cody Alexander Wright Oct 2016

#### Thermo-Mechanical System Identification Of A Shape Memory Alloy Actuated Mechanism, Cody Alexander Wright

##### Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators paired in an antagonistic arrangement can be used to produce mechanisms that replicate human biomechanics. To investigate this proposal, the biomechanical articulation of the elbow by means of the biceps brachii muscle is compared with that of a SMA actuated arm. This is accomplished by parametric analysis of a crank-slider kinematic mechanism actuated, first, with an experimentally characterized SMA wire and then an idealized musculotendon actuator based on actuation properties of muscles published in the literature. Next, equations of motion for the system dynamics of the SMA actuated mechanism are derived and phase portrait analysis ...

Aug 2016

#### Atomistic And Mesoscopic Simulations Of Heat Transfer Across Heterogeneous Material Interfaces, Sridhar Sadasivam

##### Open Access Dissertations

The study of heat transfer and the associated thermal interface resistance at heterogeneous material interfaces is over 70 years old since the first measurements of thermal interface resistance by Kapitza in 1941. However, recent developments in experimental metrology techniques that enable spectrally-resolved phonon transport measurements at the nanoscale along with the development of high-fidelity simulation methods have provided a renewed interest in the fundamental physics of heat transfer across interfaces. Miniaturized electronic devices and nanostructured materials for energy applications are among technologies that would benefit from a fundamental understanding of interfacial thermal transport. This dissertation focuses on the study of ...

Jul 2016

#### Modeling Atypical Building Use With Commercially Available Building Simulation Software, Sarah E. Schanck

##### Theses and Dissertations

National Guard armories are audited to provide recommendations for future energy reduction measures. The annual energy consumption of a New Jersey National Guard Armories cannot be modeled directly with commercially available building simulation software, due to discrepancies between the modeling capabilities of the software and the reality of the armory. A building simulation software, eQUEST, was chosen for use in this project. Discrepancies between eQUEST inputs and reality were identified and correction factors developed to minimize the effect of each discrepancy on predicted energy consumption, with the end goal of accuracy between predicted and actual energy consumption. In addition, an ...