Engineering Commons^™

Development Of Fibroblast/Endothelial Cell-Seeded Collagen Scaffolds For In Vitro Prevascularization, Daniela S. Masson-Meyers, Fahimeh Tabatabaei, Lane Steinhaus, Jeffrey M. Toth, Lobat Tayebi

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The development of vascularized scaffolds remains one of the major challenges in tissue engineering, and co-culturing with endothelial cells is known as one of the possible approaches for this purpose. In this approach, optimization of cell culture conditions, scaffolds, and fabrication techniques is needed to develop tissue equivalents that will enable in vitro formation of a capillary network. Prevascularized equivalents will be more physiologically comparable to the native tissues and potentially prevent insufficient vascularization after implantation. This study aimed to culture human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), alone or in co-culture with fibroblasts, on collagen scaffolds prepared by simple fabrication …

Extended Training Improves The Accuracy And Efficiency Of Goal-Directed Reaching Guided By Supplemental Kinesthetic Vibrotactile Feedback, Valay A. Shah, Ashiya Thomas, Leigh A. Mrotek, Maura Casadio, Robert A. Scheidt

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Prior studies have shown that the accuracy and efficiency of reaching can be improved using novel sensory interfaces to apply task-specific vibrotactile feedback (VTF) during movement. However, those studies have typically evaluated performance after less than 1 h of training using VTF. Here, we tested the effects of extended training using a specific form of vibrotactile cues—supplemental kinesthetic VTF—on the accuracy and temporal efficiency of goal-directed reaching. Healthy young adults performed planar reaching with VTF encoding of the moving hand's instantaneous position, applied to the non-moving arm. We compared target capture errors and movement times before, during, and after approximately …

Relationships Among Shoulder Rotational Strength, Range Of Motion, Pitching Kinetics, And Pitch Velocity In Collegiate Baseball Pitchers, Janelle A. Cross, Austin William Higgins, Cody C. Dziuk, Gerald F. Harris, William G. Raasch

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Relationships among shoulder rotational strength, range of motion, pitching kinetics, and pitch velocity in collegiate baseball pitchers. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 129–135, 2023—Throwing shoulder injuries are the most common type of injury experienced by baseball pitchers. Weakness in the shoulder musculature and insufficient throwing arm range of motion are both risk factors for developing a shoulder injury. The goal of this study was to determine correlations among shoulder rotational strength, range of motion, pitching kinetics, and pitch velocity in collegiate pitchers. Thirteen uninjured male college pitchers were evaluated. Clinical measures included shoulder internal and external rotation range of motion, …

When Intercepting Moving Targets, Mid-Movement Error Corrections Reflect Distinct Responses To Visual And Haptic Perturbations, Pablo Gonzalez Polanco, Leigh A. Mrotek, Kristy A. Nielson, Scott A. Beardsley, Robert A. Scheidt

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

We examined a key aspect of sensorimotor skill: the capability to correct performance errors that arise mid-movement. Participants grasped the handle of a robot that imposed a nominal viscous resistance to hand movement. They watched a target move pseudo-randomly just above the horizontal plane of hand motion and initiated quick interception movements when cued. On some trials, the robot's viscosity or the target's speed changed without warning coincident with the GO cue. We fit a sum-of-Gaussians model to mechanical power measured at the handle to determine the number, magnitude, and relative timing of submovements occurring in each interception attempt. When …

Intergrader Agreement Of Foveal Cone Topography Measured Using Adaptive Optics Scanning Light Ophthalmoscopy, Niamh Wynne, Jenna A. Cava, Mina Gaffney, Heather Heitkotter, Abigail Scheidt, Jenny L. Reiniger, Jenna Grieshop, Kai Yang, Wolf M. Harmening, Robert F. Cooper, Joseph Carroll

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The foveal cone mosaic can be directly visualized using adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO). Previous studies in individuals with normal vision report wide variability in the topography of the foveal cone mosaic, especially the value of peak cone density (PCD). While these studies often involve a human grader, there have been no studies examining intergrader reproducibility of foveal cone mosaic metrics. Here we re-analyzed published AOSLO foveal cone images from 44 individuals to assess the relationship between the cone density centroid (CDC) location and the location of PCD. Across 5 graders with variable experience, we found a measurement error …

Fluorescein Clearance Kinetics In Blood And Bile Indicates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury In Rats, Joohyun Kim, Yongquiang Yang, Seung-Keun Hong, Jacek Zielonka, Ranjan K. Dash, Said H. Audi, Suresh N. Kumar, Amit Joshi, Michael W. Zimmerman, Johnny C. Hong

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Quantitative measurement of the degree of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for its treatment. We hypothesized that clearance of fluorescent dye through bile metabolism may reflect the degree of hepatic IRI. In this study, we investigated sodium fluorescein clearance kinetics in blood and bile for quantifying the degree of hepatic IRI. Warm ischemia times (WITs) of 0, 30, or 60 min followed by 1 h or 4 h of reperfusion, were applied to the median and lateral lobes of the liver in Sprague-Dawley rats. Subsequently, 2 mg/kg of sodium fluorescein was injected intravenously, and blood …

The Relationship Between Cerebrovascular Reactivity And Cerebral Oxygenation During Hemodialysis, W. T. Richerson, Brian D. Schmit, D. F. Wolfgram

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Significance Statement

Patients with ESKD have a high burden of ischemic brain lesions related to decline in cerebral blood flow during hemodialysis. Preliminary studies in patients on hemodialysis noted impairment in cerebrovascular reactivity, a mechanism that regulates cerebral perfusion. We found that lower cerebrovascular reactivity was associated with greater decrease in cerebral oxygen saturation during hemodialysis, particularly when accounting for changes in systemic BP. These results suggest that testing cerebrovascular reactivity could be relevant to characterizing risk of cerebral ischemia during hemodialysis and the potential sequelae of brain injury and cognitive impairment over time.

Background

Patients with kidney failure treated …

The Value Of High Intensity Locomotor Training Applied To Patients With Acute-Onset Neurologic Injury, Meghan Fahey, Gabrielle Brazg, Christopher E. Henderson, Abby Plawecki, Emily H. Lucas, Darcy S. Reisman, Brian D. Schmit, T. George Hornby

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this review is to delineate some of the evidence regarding the effects of exercise intensity during locomotor training in patients with stroke and iSCI. We provide specific definitions of exercise intensity used within the literature, describe methods used to ensure appropriate levels of exertion, and discuss potential adverse events and safety concerns during its application. Further details on the effects of locomotor training intensity on clinical outcomes, and on neuromuscular and cardiovascular function will be addressed as available. Existing literature across multiple studies and meta-analyses reveals that exercise training intensity is likely a major factor that can …

Reduced Chest Computed Tomography Scan Length For Patients Positive For Coronavirus Disease 2019: Dose Reduction And Impact On Diagnostic Utility, Sara Principi, Stacy D. O'Connor, Frank Luba, Taly Gilat Schmidt

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

This work aimed to retrospectively evaluate the potential of dose reduction on chest computed tomography (CT) examinations by reducing the longitudinal scan length for patients positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

This study used the Personalized Rapid Estimation of Dose in CT (PREDICT) tool to estimate patient-specific organ doses from CT image data. The PREDICT is a research tool that combines a linear Boltzmann transport equation solver for radiation dose map generation with deep learning algorithms for organ contouring. Computed tomography images from 74 subjects in the Medical Imaging Data Resource Center–RSNA International COVID-19 Open Radiology Database data …

Vibrotactile Perception For Sensorimotor Augmentation: Perceptual Discrimination Of Vibrotactile Stimuli Induced By Low-Cost Eccentric Rotating Mass Motors At Different Body Locations In Young, Middle-Aged, And Older Adults, Ella Pomplun, Ashiya Thomas, Erin Corrigan, Valay A. Shah, Leigh A. Mrotek, Robert A. Scheidt

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Sensory augmentation technologies are being developed to convey useful supplemental sensory cues to people in comfortable, unobtrusive ways for the purpose of improving the ongoing control of volitional movement. Low-cost vibration motors are strong contenders for providing supplemental cues intended to enhance or augment closed-loop feedback control of limb movements in patients with proprioceptive deficits, but who still retain the ability to generate movement. However, it remains unclear what form such cues should take and where on the body they may be applied to enhance the perception-cognition-action cycle implicit in closed-loop feedback control. As a step toward addressing this knowledge …

Hepatic Artery Flow, Inspired Oxygen, And Hemoglobin Determine Liver Tissue Saturation Measured With Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (Vis-Drs) In An In Vivo Swine Model, Stylianos Voulgarelis, Faraneh Fathi, Bing Yu, Barbara Palkovic, Nikolaos A. Chatzizacharias, Kenneth P. Allen, Astrid G. Stucke

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Prompt diagnosis of vascular compromise following pediatric liver transplantation and restoration of oxygen delivery to the liver improves organ survival. vis-DRS allows for real-time measurement of liver tissue saturation.

Methods

The current study used vis-DRS to determine changes in liver saturation during clinically relevant conditions of reduced oxygen delivery. In an in vivo swine model (n = 15), we determined liver tissue saturation (S_tO₂) during stepwise reduction in hepatic artery flow, different inspiratory oxygen fraction (FiO₂), and increasing hemodilution. A custom vis-DRS probe was placed directly on the organ.

Results

Liver tissue …

Comparison Of Cone Mosaic Metrics From Images Acquired With The Spectralis High Magnification Module And Adaptive Optics Scanning Light Ophthalmoscopy, Niamh Wynne, Heather Heitkotter, Erica N. Woertz, Robert F. Cooper, Joseph Carroll

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: To compare cone mosaic metrics derived from adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) images with those derived from Heidelberg Engineering SPECTRALIS High Magnification Module (HMM) images.

Methods: Participants with contiguous cone mosaics had HMM imaging performed at locations superior and temporal to the fovea. These images were registered and averaged offline and then aligned to split-detection AOSLO images; 200 × 200-µm regions of interest were extracted from both modalities. Cones were semi-automatically identified by two graders to provide estimates of cone density and spacing.

Results: Thirty participants with contiguous cone mosaics were imaged (10 males, 20 females; age range, …

Training The Responsible Conduct Of Research And Design, Jay R. Goldberg

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Students Supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) are required to complete training in the responsible conduct of research (RCR). This training includes topics such as authorship, handling of data, reporting of results, maintaining confidentiality, and other topics related to the ethical and responsible conduct of research. It prepares students who are supported by NIH research grants for careers involving research.

Neural Correlates Of Multisensory Integration For Feedback Stabilization Of The Wrist, Aaron J. Suminski, Raymond C. Doudlah, Robert A. Scheidt

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Robust control of action relies on the ability to perceive, integrate, and act on information from multiple sensory modalities including vision and proprioception. How does the brain combine sensory information to regulate ongoing mechanical interactions between the body and its physical environment? Some behavioral studies suggest that the rules governing multisensory integration for action may differ from the maximum likelihood estimation rules that appear to govern multisensory integration for many perceptual tasks. We used functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques, a MR-compatible robot, and a multisensory feedback control task to test that hypothesis by investigating how neural mechanisms involved in …

Eeg And Fmri Coupling And Decoupling Based On Joint Independent Component Analysis (Jica), Nicholas Heugel, Scott A. Beardsley, Einat Liebenthal

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Meaningful integration of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) requires knowing whether these measurements reflect the activity of the same neural sources, i.e., estimating the degree of coupling and decoupling between the neuroimaging modalities.

New method

This paper proposes a method to quantify the coupling and decoupling of fMRI and EEG signals based on the mixing matrix produced by joint independent component analysis (jICA). The method is termed fMRI/EEG-jICA.

Results

fMRI and EEG acquired during a syllable detection task with variable syllable presentation rates (0.25–3 Hz) were separated with jICA into two spatiotemporally distinct components, a primary …

Assessment Of Protection Offered By The Nrf2 Pathway Against Hyperoxia-Induced Acute Lung Injury In Nrf2 Knockout Rats, Said H. Audi, Elizabeth R. Jacobs, Taheri Pardis, Swetha Ganesh, Anne V. Clough

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is a redox-sensitive transcription factor that responds to oxidative stress by activating expressions of key antioxidant and cytoprotective enzymes via the Nrf2-antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway. Our objective was to characterize hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI) in Nrf2 knock-out (KO) rats to elucidate the role of this pathway in HALI. Adult Nrf2 wildtype (WT), and KO rats were exposed to room air (normoxia) or >95% O₂ (hyperoxia) for 48 h, after which selected injury and functional endpoints were measured in vivo and ex vivo. Results demonstrate that the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway …

Neural Control Of Stopping And Stabilizing The Arm, Shanie A. L. Jayasinghe, Robert A. Scheidt, Robert L. Sainburg

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Stopping is a crucial yet under-studied action for planning and producing meaningful and efficient movements. In this review, we discuss classical human psychophysics studies as well as those using engineered systems that aim to develop models of motor control of the upper limb. We present evidence for a hybrid model of motor control, which has an evolutionary advantage due to division of labor between cerebral hemispheres. Stopping is a fundamental aspect of movement that deserves more attention in research than it currently receives. Such research may provide a basis for understanding arm stabilization deficits that can occur following central nervous …

Acute Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predictors Of Chronic Motor Function And Tissue Sparing In Rat Cervical Spinal Cord Injury, Seung-Yi Lee, Brian D. Schmit, Shekar N. Kurpad, Matthew D. Budde

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Predicting functional outcomes from spinal cord injury (SCI) at the acute setting is important for patient management. This work investigated the relationship of early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers in a rat model of cervical contusion SCI with long-term functional outcome and tissue sparing. Forty rats with contusion injury at C5 at either the spinal cord midline (bilateral) or over the lateral cord (unilateral) were examined using in vivo multi-modal quantitative MRI at 1 day post-injury. The extent of T₂-weighted hyperintensity reflecting edema was greater in the bilateral model compared with the unilateral injury. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) …

Visual Oscillation Effects On Dynamic Balance Control In People With Multiple Sclerosis, Lara I. Riem, Scott A. Beardsley, Ahmed Z. Obeidat, Brian Schmit

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Background: People with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) have balance deficits while ambulating through environments that contain moving objects or visual manipulations to perceived self-motion. However, their ability to parse object from self-movement has not been explored. The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of medial-lateral oscillations of the visual field and of objects within the scene on gait in PwMS and healthy age-matched controls using virtual reality (VR).

Methods: Fourteen PwMS (mean age 49 ± 11 years) and eleven healthy controls (mean age: 53 ± 12 years) participated in this study. Dynamic balance control was assessed while participants …

The Effect Of Visual Field Manipulations On Standing Balance Control In People With Multiple Sclerosis, Lara I. Riem, Scott A. Beardsley, Brian D. Schmit

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with an increased risk of falls, degeneration of sensory organization, and possible increased reliance on vision for balance control.

Research question

The aim of this study was to assess differences in standing postural control between people with MS and age and sex matched controls during medial-lateral (ML) oscillations of the visual field, with and without blinders to the lower periphery.

Methods

Ten persons with MS (mean age 54.0 ± 5.3 years) and ten age and sex matched controls (mean age: 56.3 ± 6.0 years) participated in this study. Balance control was assessed while participants …

Biological Resurfacing In A Canine Model Of Hip Osteoarthritis, Bradley T. Estes, Masataka Enomoto, Franklin T. Moutos, Megan A. Carson, Jeffrey M. Toth, Peter Eggert, Jonathan Stallrich, Vincent P. Willard, Deborah J. Veis, Dianne Little, Farshid Guilak, B. Duncan X. Lascelles

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Articular cartilage has unique load-bearing properties but has minimal capacity for intrinsic repair. Here, we used three-dimensional weaving, additive manufacturing, and autologous mesenchymal stem cells to create a tissue-engineered, bicomponent implant to restore hip function in a canine hip osteoarthritis model. This resorbable implant was specifically designed to function mechanically from the time of repair and to biologically integrate with native tissues for long-term restoration. A massive osteochondral lesion was created in the hip of skeletally mature hounds and repaired with the implant or left empty (control). Longitudinal outcome measures over 6 months demonstrated that the implant dogs returned to …

Comparison Of Whole-Head Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy With Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Potential Application In Pediatric Neurology, Julie C. Wagner, Anthony Zinos, Wei-Liang Chen, Lisa Conant, Marsha Malloy, Joseph Heffernan, Brendan Quirk, Jeffrey Sugar, Robert W. Prost, Julian B. Whelan, Scott A. Beardsley, Harry T. Whelan

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Changes in cerebral blood flow in response to neuronal activation can be measured by time-dependent fluctuations in hemoglobin species within the brain; this is the basis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). There is a clinical need for portable neural imaging systems, such as fNIRS, to accommodate patients who are unable to tolerate an MR environment.

Objective

Our objective was to compare task-related full-head fNIRS and fMRI signals across cortical regions.

Methods

Eighteen healthy adults completed a same-day fNIRS-fMRI study, in which they performed right- and left-hand finger tapping tasks and a semantic-decision tones-decision …

Continuous Myoelectric Prediction Of Future Ankle Angle And Moment Across Ambulation Conditions And Their Transitions, Erika V. Zabre-Gonzalez, Lara I. Riem, Philip A. Voglewede, Barbara Silver-Thorn, Sara R. Koehler-Mcnichols, Scott A. Beardsley

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

A hallmark of human locomotion is that it continuously adapts to changes in the environment and predictively adjusts to changes in the terrain, both of which are major challenges to lower limb amputees due to the limitations in prostheses and control algorithms. Here, the ability of a single-network nonlinear autoregressive model to continuously predict future ankle kinematics and kinetics simultaneously across ambulation conditions using lower limb surface electromyography (EMG) signals was examined. Ankle plantarflexor and dorsiflexor EMG from ten healthy young adults were mapped to normal ranges of ankle angle and ankle moment during level overground walking, stair ascent, and …

Contributions Of Implicit And Explicit Memories To Sensorimotor Adaptation Of Movement Extent During Goal-Directed Reaching, Devon D. Lantagne, Leigh A. Mrotek, Rebecca Slick, Scott A. Beardsley, Danny G. Thomas, Robert A. Scheidt

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

We examined how implicit and explicit memories contribute to sensorimotor adaptation of movement extent during goal-directed reaching. Twenty subjects grasped the handle of a horizontal planar robot that rendered spring-like resistance to movement. Subjects made rapid “out-and-back” reaches to capture a remembered visual target at the point of maximal reach extent. The robot’s resistance changed unpredictably between reaches, inducing target capture errors that subjects attempted to correct from one trial to the next. Each subject performed over 400 goal-directed reaching trials. Some trials were performed without concurrent visual cursor feedback of hand motion. Some trials required self-assessment of performance between …

Evaluation Of Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy In Liver Tissue: Validation Of Tissue Saturations Using Extracorporeal Circulation, Stylianos Voulgarelis, Faraneh Fathi, Astrid G. Stucke, Kevin D. Daley, Joohyun Kim, Michael W. Zimmerman, Johhny C. Hong, Nicholas Starkey, Kenneth P. Allen, Bing Yu

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Significance: Real-time information about oxygen delivery to the hepatic graft is important to direct care and diagnose vascular compromise in the immediate post-transplant period.

Aim: The current study was designed to determine the utility of visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (vis-DRS) for measuring liver tissue saturation in vivo.

Approach: A custom-built vis-DRS probe was calibrated using phantoms with hemoglobin (Hb) and polystyrene microspheres. Ex vivo (extracorporeal circulation) and in vivo protocols were used in a swine model (n=15) with validation via blood gas analysis.

Results: In vivo absorption and scattering measured by vis-DRS with and without biliverdin …

Electroencephalography Resting-State Networks In People With Stroke, Dylan B. Snyder, Brian D. Schmit, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Scott A. Beardsley

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to characterize resting-state cortical networks in chronic stroke survivors using electroencephalography (EEG).

Methods

Electroencephalography data were collected from 14 chronic stroke and 11 neurologically intact participants while they were in a relaxed, resting state. EEG power was normalized to reduce bias and used as an indicator of network activity. Correlations of orthogonalized EEG activity were used as a measure of functional connectivity between cortical regions.

Results

We found reduced cortical activity and connectivity in the alpha (p < .05; p = .05) and beta (p < .05; p = .03) bands after stroke while connectivity …

Somatosensory Deafferentation Reveals Lateralized Roles Of Proprioception In Feedback And Adaptive Feedforward Control Of Movement And Posture, S.A.L. Jayasinghe, F. R. Sarlegna, Robert A. Scheidt, R. L. Sainburg

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Proprioception provides crucial information necessary for determining limb position and movement, and plausibly also for updating internal models that might underlie the control of movement and posture. Seminal studies of upper-limb movements in individuals living with chronic, large fiber deafferentation have provided evidence for the role of proprioceptive information in the hypothetical formation and maintenance of internal models to produce accurate motor commands. Vision also contributes to sensorimotor functions but cannot fully compensate for proprioceptive deficits. More recent work has shown that posture and movement control processes are lateralized in the brain, and that proprioception plays a fundamental role in …

Enhancing Reproductive Organ Segmentation In Pediatric Ct Via Adversarial Learning, Chi Nok Enoch Kan, Taly Gilat-Schmidt, Dong Hye Ye

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Accurately segmenting organs in abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans is crucial for clinical applications such as pre-operative planning and dose estimation. With the recent advent of deep learning algorithms, many robust frameworks have been proposed for organ segmentation in abdominal CT images. However, many of these frameworks require large amounts of training data in order to achieve high segmentation accuracy. Pediatric abdominal CT images containing reproductive organs are particularly hard to obtain since these organs are extremely sensitive to ionizing radiation. Hence, it is extremely challenging to train automatic segmentation algorithms on organs such as the uterus and the prostate. …

Identifying Alternate Resources And Adjusting Expectations For Senior Design Projects During The Covid-19 Pandemic Of 2020, Jay R. Goldberg

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic required capstone design course instructors to transition to online learning. Student project teams were denied access to resources needed to construct and test prototypes scheduled to be delivered to project sponsors and clients at the end of the semester. Face-to-face collaboration was replaced with virtual team meetings. At Marquette University, efforts to identify (1) barriers to completing projects, (2) potential alternate prototyping resources, (3) adjustments to expectations of teams, and (4) changes to course deliverable requirements were completed. The results of these activities, the thought process used to guide students through the search for …

Changes In Cerebral Volume And White Matter Integrity In Adults On Hemodialysis And Relationship To Cognitive Function, W. T. Richerson, L. G. Umfleet, Brian D. Schmit, D. F. Wolfgram

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction: Patients on hemodialysis (HD) have a significant burden of cognitive impairment. Characterizing the cerebral structural changes in HD patients compared to healthy controls and evaluating the relationship of cerebral structural integrity with cognitive performance in HD patients can help clarify the pathophysiology of the cognitive impairment in HD patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, in-center HD patients ≥50 years of age underwent brain structural and diffusion MRIs and cognitive assessment using the NIH Toolbox cognition battery. The cerebral imaging measures of the HD participants were compared to imaging from age-matched controls. Gray matter volume, white matter volume, and white …