Engineering Commons^™

Effect Of Microreactor Geometry In Performance Of Catalytic Microreactor Of Hydrogen Production By Cfd Modeling, Mohsen Behnam, Ali Fazeli, Shohreh Fatemi, Yadolah Mortazavi, A. Khodadai

Ali Fazeli

Hydrogen production from steam reforming of methanol for fuel cell application was modeled in a wall coated micro channel reactor by CFD approach. Heat of steam reforming was supplied from catalytic total oxidation (TOX) of methanol in neighboring channel of steamreforming (SR) channel and conduct from TOX to SR channel through metal divider wall of the channels. Heat integration was compared in zigzag and straight geometry of microreactor by CFD modeling. The model is 2 dimensional, steady state and containing five zones: TOX fluid, TOX catalyst layer, steel wall of the channel, SR catalyst layer, SR fluid. Set of partial …

Process Modeling And Optimization Of Mono Ethylene Glycol Quality In Commercial Plant Integrating Artificial Neural Network And Differential Evolution,, Nadeem Muhammed Khalfe

Nadeem Khalfe

This paper presents an artificial intelligence based process modeling and optimization strategies, namely artificial neural network – differential evolution (ANN-DE) for modeling and optimization of ultraviolet (UV) transmittance of mono ethylene glycol (MEG) product. UV transmittance is one of the most important quality variable of MEG that has impact on the polyester product quality. UV transmittance measures the presence of undesirable compounds in MEG that absorb light in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum and indirectly measures the purity of MEG product. They are in trace quantities in the ppb ranges and primarily unknown in chemical structure. Thus, they cannot …

Process Modeling And Optimization Strategies,, Nadeem Muhammed Khalfe

Nadeem Khalfe

This paper presents artificial intelligence-based process modeling and optimization strategies, namely, support vector regression – differential evolution (SVR-DE) for modeling and optimization of catalytic industrial ethylene oxide (EO) reactor. In the SVR-DE approach, a support vector regression model is constructed for correlating process data comprising values of operating and performance variables. Next, model inputs describing process operating variables are optimized using Differential Evolution (DE) with a view to maximize the process performance. DE possesses certain unique advantages over the commonly used gradient-based deterministic optimization algorithms. The SVR-DE is a new strategy for chemical process modeling and optimization. The major advantage …

Virtual Environments Innovation And R&D Activities: Management Challenges, Nader Ale Ebrahim, Shamsuddin Ahmed, Zahari Taha

Nader Ale Ebrahim

Companies will not survive long unless they join a threefold revolution in management itself, innovation, and information technology. Innovation plays a central role in economic development, at regional and national level. In the competitive environment companies are obliged to produce more rapidly, more effectively and more efficiently in new product development which is a result of research and development (R&D) activities. It is necessary for them to put together different capabilities and services with the goal, through cooperation between suppliers and customers, service providers and scientific institutions to achieve innovations of high quality. Depending on the type of industry, the …

Virtual R&D Teams: A Sustainable Infrastructure For Promoting Smes, Nader Ale Ebrahim, Shamsuddin Ahmed, Zahari Taha

Nader Ale Ebrahim

Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are a major part of the industrial economies. Their survival and growth has therefore been a prominent issue. Research and development (R&D) enables firms to create new technologies and/or to build on existing technologies obtained through technology transfer. Nowadays unpredictable environment suggests that many firms seek new ways of conducting their business through some kind of R&D activities to make a profit and stay ahead of the competition. To survive in the global economy SMEs have to improve their products and processes exploiting their intellectual capital in a dynamic network of knowledge-intensive relations inside …

Polyester-Graft-Phosphorylcholine Prepared By Ring-Opening Polymerization And Click Chemistry, Beth M. Cooper, Delphine Chan-Seng, Debasis Samanta, Xiongfei Zhang, Sangram Parelkar, Todd S. Emrick

Todd S. Emrick

Phosphorylcholine (PC)-substitution on aliphatic polyesters is accomplished by click chemistry with PC-substituted azides.

Design And Demonstration Of A Small-Animal Up-Conversion Imager, Christopher Salthouse, Scott Hildebrand, Ralph Weissleder, Umar Mahmood

Christopher Salthouse

This first small-animal up-conversion imager (SAUCI) was developed and used for in-vivo imaging of up-converting nanoparticles (UCNs.) Unlike traditional fluorophores, UCNs absorb multiple lower-energy photons and emit a single higher-energy photon. This unique physical process makes it possible to image deeper into tissue with lower background signals. In vivo imaging of particle accumulation in the liver was demonstrated following intravenous injection of particles.

Efficient Non-Coding Rna Gene Searches Through Classical And Evolutionary Methods, Jennifer Smith

Jennifer A. Smith

Successful non-coding RNA gene searching requires examination of long-range intramolecular base pairing possibilities. This results in search algorithms with extremely long run times such that large-scale use of the algorithms often becomes computationally infeasible. Methods for the efficient search of the solution space are examined. A review of the standard dynamic-programming covariance model search algorithm is given. An analysis of the statistically probable regions of the search space is undertaken and a method of limiting the traditional dynamic-programming algorithm to this region is shown. An alternative search method using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) which favours the probable region of the …

Process Modeling And Optimization Of Mono Ethylene Glycol Quality In Commercial Plant Integrating Artificial Neural Network And Differential Evolution, Nadeem Muhammed Khalfe

Nadeem Khalfe

This paper presents an artificial intelligence based process modeling and optimization strategies, namely artificial neural network – differential evolution (ANN-DE) for modeling and optimization of ultraviolet (UV) transmittance of mono ethylene glycol (MEG) product. UV transmittance is one of the most important quality variable of MEG that has impact on the polyester product quality. UV transmittance measures the presence of undesirable compounds in MEG that absorb light in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum and indirectly measures the purity of MEG product. They are in trace quantities in the ppb ranges and primarily unknown in chemical structure. Thus, they cannot …

Dealing With Virtual R&D Teams In New Product Development, Nader Ale Ebrahim, Shamsuddin Ahmed, Zahari Taha

Nader Ale Ebrahim

National and global collaboration in research and development (R&D) is becoming increasingly important in creating the knowledge that makes research and business more competitive. Multinational enterprises have increased their research and development (R&D) investment in different countries. These multiple sites encourage the development of more ideas, due to the varied international backgrounds in global networks and the knowledge spillovers. In order to secure the viability of business processes, services and products R&D teams need to access and retrieve information from as many sources as possible. From the other perspective virtual teams are important mechanisms for organizations seeking to control scarce …

Fault Diagnosis For Large Complex Petrochemical Plant,, Nadeem Muhammed Khalfe

Nadeem Khalfe

Often it is time consuming to monitor the plant condition in modern complex process industries as there is abundance of instrumentation that measure thousands of process variables in every few seconds. This has caused a "data overload" and due to the lack of appropriate analyses very little is currently being done to utilize this wealth of information. Fortunately, in process, groups of variables often moves together because more than one variable may be measuring the same driving principle governing the behavior of the process. Multivariate statistical methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are capable of compressing the information down …

Effective Medium Equations For Chemotaxis In Porous Media, Francisco J. Valdes-Parada, Mark L. Porter, K. Narayanaswamy, Roseanne Ford, Brian D. Wood

Francisco J. Valdes-Parada

Biodegradation is an important mechanism for contaminant reduction in groundwater environments; in fact, in-situ bioremediation and bioaugmentation methods represent alternatives to traditional methods such as pump-and-treat. Chemotaxis has shown to enhance bacterial transport toward or away from concentration gradients of chemical species in laboratory experiments and can signifficantly increase contaminant flux undergoing degradation at the interfaces of lowand high-permeability regions. In this work, the method of volume averaging is used to upscale the microscale description of chemotactic microbial transport in order to obtain the corresponding macroscale equations for bacteria and the attractant. As a first apprach, cellular growth/death and consumption …

Process Modeling And Optimization Strategies, Sandip K. Lahiri

Dr. Sandip Kumar Lahiri

This paper presents artificial intelligence-based process modeling and optimization strategies, namely, support vector regression – differential evolution (SVR-DE) for modeling and optimization of catalytic industrial ethylene oxide (EO) reactor. In the SVR-DE approach, a support vector regression model is constructed for correlating process data comprising values of operating and performance variables. Next, model inputs describing process operating variables are optimized using Differential Evolution (DE) with a view to maximize the process performance. DE possesses certain unique advantages over the commonly used gradient-based deterministic optimization algorithms. The SVR-DE is a new strategy for chemical process modeling and optimization. The major advantage …

A New Set-Up To Measure The Viscoelastic Properties Of Porous Media Using A Specific Electrodynamic Transducer, Dauchez Nicolas, Olivier Doutres Ph.D., Jean-Michel Génevaux, Guy Lemarquand

Olivier Doutres Ph.D.

A new method for measuring viscoelastic properties of sound absorbing materials is presented. This method is derived from the quasistatic method using a loudspeaker as actuator and sensor. Previous results carried out with a traditional electrodynamic loudspeaker were limited to 100 Hz because of transducer nonlinearities. In this paper, viscoelastic properties are determined up to 500 Hz due to the design of a specific loudspeaker devoid of the main nonlinearities.

Integrated System Approach To Sustainability Bio-Fuels And Bio-Refineries, Seif-Eddeen K. Fateen

Seif-Eddeen K Fateen

No abstract provided.

Detection Of An So2 Plume Over Sapporo, Japan From The Eruption Of Mt. Kasatochi Using A Balloon Sounding Technique, Gary A. Morris, Jun Hirokawa, Masatomo Fujiwara, Fumio Hasebe, Keisuke Ishida, Nicholay Krotkov, Mark R. Schoeberl, Walter Komhyr, Barry Lefer, James Flynn

Gary A. Morris

During the month of August 2008, 10 ozonesondes were launched from Hokkaido University in Sapporo, Japan as part of a study to examine regional pollution during the Olympic period. Seven of these soundings included a second instrument with a filter designed to remove SO2 from the intake air stream. SO2 interferes with the normal chemistry of the electrochemical cell (ECC) method for ozone detection, with the net result being that each molecule of SO2 registers as minus one molecule of O3. Thus the unfiltered sonde reports [O3] - [SO2] while the filtered sonde reports [O3]. Laboratory tests prior to launch …

Separation Of Time Scales For Transient Dispersion, Mark L. Porter, Francisco J. Valdes-Parada, Brian D. Wood

Francisco J. Valdes-Parada

No abstract provided.

Prediction Of Pressure Drop Of Slurry Flow In Pipeline By Hybrid, Sandip K. Lahiri

Dr. Sandip Kumar Lahiri

This paper describes a robust support vector regression (SVR) methodology, which can offer superior performance for important process engineering problems. The method incorporates hybrid support vector regression and genetic algorithm technique (SVR-GA) for efficient tuning of SVR meta-parameters. The algorithm has been applied for prediction of pressure drop of solid liquid slurry flow. A comparison with selected correlations in the literature showed that the developed SVR correlation noticeably improved the prediction of pressure drop over a wide range of operating conditions, physical properties, and pipe diameters

Process Modeling And Optimization Of Mono Ethylene Glycol Quality In Commercial Plant Integrating Artificial Neural Network And Differential Evolution, Sandip K. Lahiri

Dr. Sandip Kumar Lahiri

This paper presents an artificial intelligence based process modeling and optimization strategies, namely artificial neural network – differential evolution (ANN-DE) for modeling and optimization of ultraviolet (UV) transmittance of mono ethylene glycol (MEG) product. UV transmittance is one of the most important quality variable of MEG that has impact on the polyester product quality. UV transmittance measures the presence of undesirable compounds in MEG that absorb light in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum and indirectly measures the purity of MEG product. They are in trace quantities in the ppb ranges and primarily unknown in chemical structure. Thus, they cannot …

Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation Of The Solid Liquid Slurry Flow In A Pipeline, Sandip K. Lahiri

Dr. Sandip Kumar Lahiri

A comprehensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed in the present study to gain insight into the concentration profile of solid liquid slurry flow in pipelines. The preliminary simulations highlighted the need for the correct modeling of the interphase drag force. In light of the shortcomings of appropriate drag co-efficient model (namely Syamlal O’-Brien model, Gidaspow model and Wen & Yu model), an effort was made in the present study to modify the existing models to incorporate the effect of solid concentration at drag co-efficient. A two-dimensional user defined model was then developed using CFD to understand the influence …

Residual Stresses In Friction-Stir-Welded 2195 And 7075 Aluminum Alloys, Omar Hatamleh, Iris V. Rivero, Arif Maredia

Iris V. Rivero

Surface residual stresses (RSs) were characterized along friction-stir-welded 2195 and 7075 aluminum alloy (AA) plates. The surface measurements were obtained through X-ray diffraction (XRD) at five different locations along the weld. Each location consisted of several regions across the welded plate including the weld nugget, thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ), heat-affected zone (HAZ), and base material. Measurements revealed that RSs were not uniform along the welded plate, with the highest RSs obtained on the middle of the plate. The RSs across the weld were also asymmetric relative to the weld centerline, with RSs as high as 231 MPa in the TMAZ …

Centers Of Polymer Science: Introduction, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

Centers of Polymer Science describes polymer research activities taking place in Europe, Asia, and Australia primarily during the years between 1980 and 2000. This series of articles shows and records the activity in Polymer Science in this part of polymer history.

Book I, Otto Vogl: Papers And Patents, 1948-1970, Jane C. Vogl

Otto Vogl

Books I-XII include citations to Otto Vogl's publications and patents. Printed versions of these twelve volumes are also available in the Integrated Sciences and Engineering Library of the University of Massachusetts in Amherst. MA, Lederle Graduate Research Center. The printed volumes include the full reprints of all cited publications.

Flowability And Handling Characteristics Of Bulk Solids And Powders—A Review With Implications For Ddgs, V. Ganesan, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan

Kurt A. Rosentrater

Much research regarding handling and storage characteristics of bulk solids has been conducted over the years. Physical properties of granular solids play a significant role in their resulting storage and flow behaviour, and are therefore essential to design appropriate, efficient, and economic bulk solids handling and storage equipment and structures. Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) is a bulk material that has been widely used as a protein source for ruminants and non-ruminants for more than two decades. Distillers grains are energy and nutrient dense, and are often used as a replacement for corn in animal diets. With the exponential …

Enhanced Recovery Of Mechanical Function In The Canine Heart By Seeding An Extracellular Matrix Patch With Mesenchymal Stem Cells Committed To A Cardiac Lineage., Glenn Gaudette, Irina Potapova, Sergey Doronin, Damon Kelly, Amy Rosen, Adam Schuldt, Zhongju Lu, Paul Kochupura, Richard Robinson, Michael Rosen, Peter Brink, Ira Cohen

Glenn R. Gaudette

The need to regenerate tissue is paramount, especially for the heart that lacks the ability to regenerate after injury. The urinary bladder extracellular matrix (ECM), when used to repair a right ventricular defect, successfully regenerated some mechanical function. The objective of the current study was to determine whether the regenerative effect of ECM could be improved by seeding the patch with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) enhanced to differentiate down a cardiac linage. hMSCs were used to form three-dimensional spheroids. The expression of cardiac proteins was determined in cells exposed to the spheroid formation and compared with nonmanipulated hMSCs. To …

Edge-Stress Induced Warping Of Graphene Sheets And Nanoribbons, Ashwin Ramasubramaniam, Y. W. Zhang, C. D. Reddy, V. B. Shenoy

Ashwin Ramasubramaniam

Diagnostic Analysis Of A Small-Scale Incinerator By The Garson Index, Wei-Hsin Chen

Wei-Hsin Chen

No abstract provided.

Quranic Verse Recitation Recognition Module For Educational Programme, Noor Jamaliah Ibrahim, Zulkifli Mohd Yusoff, Zaidi Razak

Noor Jamaliah Ibrahim

In the process of learning al-Quran, reciters are required to learn al-Quran through the manual method of Quran reading skills of talaqqi and musyafahah method. These methods are described as face to face learning process between students and teachers (Mudarris), where listening, correction of al-Quran recitation and repetition of the correct al-Quran recitation takes place. The reason behind this method is to allow Mudarris to check the Tajweed rules of the Quran recitation in real time. However, the current methods of Quran recitation are believed become unattractive and less effective to be implemented, especially for j-QAF students. Focus on j-QAF …

Research For Propanediol, Chuen-Tat Kang

Kang Chuen Tat (江俊达)

First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to all parties involve in the contribution of the contents of the book. Without their efforts this book publication will never be made possible. This book summarizes the research experience of Chuen-Tat Kang comprehensively from year 2005 in Australia. Most portion of the book describes the biocatalysis research held in Swinburne University of Technology (www.swin.edu.au) and Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Australia (www.csiro.gov.au) during the postgraduate doctorate studies in year 2005. Portion of the content of the scientific research experience could be viewed at the website http://chuentat.tripod.com. …

An Overview On Sustainability In Higher Education In The World For Starting In Malaysia, Omidreza Saadatian

No abstract provided.