Engineering Commons^™

Tree Localization In A Plantation Using Ultra Wideband Signals, Akshat Verma

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Study Of Improved Sorting Weighting Cfar Detectors For Gaussian Environment, Souad Chabbi, Khadidja Belhi, M'Hamed Hamadouche

Emirates Journal for Engineering Research

The goal of this paper is to improve the detection performance and the false alarm regulation of the conventional order statistics Constant False Alarm Rate (OS-CFAR) detectors in a non-homogeneous Gaussian environment. To this end, we design and study the New Sorting Weighting (NSW-) and the Modified Sorting Weighting (MSW-) CFAR detectors. We find closed forms of the detection ( ) and the false alarm ( ) probabilities for both detectors. Moreover, we identify the optimum pairs of weights that maximize the and ensure a constant . Finally, we prove through Monte Carlo simulations that these detectors provide better detection …

Fortifying Iot Against Crimpling Cyber-Attacks: A Systematic Review, Usman Tariq, Irfan Ahmed, Muhammad Attique Khan, Ali Kashif Bashir

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The rapid growth and increasing demand for Internet of Things (IoT) devices in our everyday lives create exciting opportunities for human involvement, data integration, and seamless automation. This fully interconnected ecosystem considerably impacts crucial aspects of our lives, such as transportation, healthcare, energy management, and urban infrastructure. However, alongside the immense benefits, the widespread adoption of IoT also brings a complex web of security threats that can influence society, policy, and infrastructure conditions. IoT devices are particularly vulnerable to security violations, and industrial routines face potentially damaging vulnerabilities. To ensure a trustworthy and robust security framework, it is crucial to …

A Novel Approach For Enhancing Routing In Wireless Sensor Networks Using Aco Algorithm, Sihem Goumiri, Maohamed Amine Riahla, M'Hamed Hamadouche

Emirates Journal for Engineering Research

Wireless Sensors Network (WSN) is an emergent technology that aims to offer innovative capacities. In the last decade, the use of these networks increased in various fields like military, science, and health due to their fast and inexpressive deployment and installation. However, the limited sensor battery lifetime poses many technical challenges and affects essential services like routing. This issue is a hot topic of search, many researchers have proposed various routing protocols aimed at reducing the energy consumption in WSNs. The focus of this work is to investigate the effectiveness of integrating ACO algorithm with routing protocols in WSNs. Moreover, …

The Relaying Network In Free-Space Optical Communications Using Optical Amplifiers In Cascaded Configuration, Ucuk Darusalam, Arockia Bazil Raj, Fitri Yuli Zulkifli, Purnomo Sidi Priambodo, Eko Tjipto Rahardjo

Makara Journal of Technology

Optical relaying is the best technique to implement free-space optical (FSO) communications as a terrestrial platform. However, atmospheric turbulence (AT) limits the optical-propagation path length. In this study, the implementation of some optical amplifiers (OAs) in cascaded configuration, namely, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, semiconductor OAs, and Raman amplifiers (RAs), are investigated through simulation. This study aims to search for the maximum link distance of an optical propagation and enhance the FSO performance caused by each configuration of OAs. The optical relaying network consists of three nodes, with each node designed with a space of several kilometers under the influence of AT. …

An Enhanced Adaptive Learning System Based On Microservice Architecture, Abdelsalam Helmy Ibrahim, Mohamed Eliemy, Aliaa Abdelhalim Youssif

Future Computing and Informatics Journal

This study aims to enhance Adaptive Learning Systems (ALS) in Petroleum Sector in Egypt by using the Microservice Architecture and measure the impact of enhancing ALS by participating ALS users through a statistical study and questionnaire directed to them if they accept to apply the Cloud Computing Service “Microservices” to enhance the ALS performance, quality and cost value or not. The study also aims to confirm that there is a statistically significant relationship between ALS and Cloud Computing Service “Microservices” and prove the impact of enhancing the ALS by using Microservices in the cloud in Adaptive Learning in the Egyptian …

Visual Question Answering: A Survey, Gehad Assem El-Naggar

Future Computing and Informatics Journal

Visual Question Answering (VQA) has been an emerging field in computer vision and natural language processing that aims to enable machines to understand the content of images and answer natural language questions about them. Recently, there has been increasing interest in integrating Semantic Web technologies into VQA systems to enhance their performance and scalability. In this context, knowledge graphs, which represent structured knowledge in the form of entities and their relationships, have shown great potential in providing rich semantic information for VQA. This paper provides an abstract overview of the state-of-the-art research on VQA using Semantic Web technologies, including knowledge …

Politicians, Pundits, And Platform Migration: A Comparison Of Political Polarization On Parler And Twitter, Abigial Matthews, Jacqueline M. Otala, Esma Wali, Gillian Kurtic, Lynden Millington, Michael Simpson, Jeanna Matthews, Golshan Madraki

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

Parler, a self-proclaimed free speech social media platform founded in 2018, attracted a large influx of new members in 2020 as the result of a highly visible platform migration campaign. Parler usage was linked to the planning of the Jan. 6, 2021 attack on the United States Capitol building, leading to a shutdown of the Parler platform. Parler, which is now back online, offers an important lens through which to examine the broader attempts at platform migration in response to changing content moderation and platform governance policies and their impact on political polarization. We begin by examining the network connections …

Characterizing Controversiality Of Topics Utilizing Eccentricity Of Opinions, Sriniwas Pandey, Hiroki Sayama

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

Access to abundant biased information in echo chambers and social bubbles often intensifies opinions to the extremes. The extremization of opinions results in several topics becoming controversial. However, it is very difficult to measure the degree of controversiality of a topic objectively since the controversiality of any topic is subjective and perceived differently from different communities. The absence of an objective measure of controversiality has been a major hindrance in understanding the causes and effects of it. In this work we propose a method to quantify controversiality of a topic by utilizing eccentricity of opinions on that topic. The eccentricity …

Power Amplifier Based On Composite Injection-Voltaic Transistors, Nodira Batirdjanovna Alimova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The problem of high-current radio engineering devices is related to the fact that the use of high-power transistors and other semiconductor devices is limited by such a phenomenon as a secondary breakdown, in which there is a sharp decrease in the voltage on the device with simultaneous internal current lacing, and the device fails. To solve the problem of secondary breakdown, schemes have been proposed that operate stably at reverse voltage values 4-5 times higher than usual and at power dissipation 2-3 times higher than the maximum allowable power for an individual device. The problem is proposed to be solved …

State Of The Art In Drivers’ Attention Monitoring – A Systematic Literature Review, Sama Hussein Al-Gburi, Kanar Alaa Al-Sammak, Ion Marghescu, Claudia Cristina Oprea

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Recently, driver inattention has become the leading cause of automobile accidents. As a result, the driver's perception and decision-making abilities are diminished, and the driver can lose control of the car. To prevent accidents caused by driver inattention, it’s vital to continuously monitor the driver and his driving behaviour and inform him if he becomes distracted or sleepy. This topic has been the subject of study for decades. Whenever feasible to recognise unsafe driving in advance, accidents could be avoided. This document presents an overview of the existing driver alertness system and the various techniques for detecting driver attentiveness.

Efficient Design And Implementation Of Miniaturized Microstrip Diplexer Using Dual Open Stub Loaded Resonator For 5g Applications, Islam F. Abu Elkhair, Hamdi A. Elmikati, Mohamed M. Ashour, Amr H. Hussein

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The design and implementation of a compact size diplexer with high isolation, low insertion loss, and small fractional bandwidths is a promising issue in recent wireless communication systems. In this paper, a novel microstrip diplexer has been introduced based on the utilization of the dual open stub loaded resonator technique. The proposed design has a very compact size of with a high operating power efficiency. The diplexer is designed to operate at two resonance frequencies of and with very low insertion losses of and , respectively. Moreover, it provides high isolation values of and for and , respectively. The diplexer …

Detection Of Data Over Wireless Mobile Channels Based On Maximum Likelihood Technique, Mohd Israil

Al-Bahir Journal for Engineering and Pure Sciences

Next generation wireless systems are characterized by very high transmission bit rates which gives rise to severe Intersymbol interference (ISI) and this makes the detection process very challenging. Hence, assessment of performance of near-optimal detectors like Near Maximum Likelihood Detectors (NMLD) over such channels assumes great importance. This paper deals with the detection of data in the presence of Noise and ISI with NMLD. Performance improvement of NMLD, as compared to nonlinear equalization, has been assessed in terms of BER versus SNR curves obtained through computer simulation. A number of different cases of mobile radio channels have been simulated in …

Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques, Nermin Samy Elhusseny, Shimaa Mohamed Ouf, Amira M. Idrees Ami

Future Computing and Informatics Journal

This is a systematic literature review to reflect the previous studies that dealt with credit card fraud detection and highlight the different machine learning techniques to deal with this problem. Credit cards are now widely utilized daily. The globe has just begun to shift toward financial inclusion, with marginalized people being introduced to the financial sector. As a result of the high volume of e-commerce, there has been a significant increase in credit card fraud. One of the most important parts of today's banking sector is fraud detection. Fraud is one of the most serious concerns in terms of monetary …

Representing And Analyzing The Dynamics Of An Agent-Based Adaptive Social Network Model With Partial Integro-Differential Equations, Hiroki Sayama

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

We formulated and analyzed a set of partial integro-differential equations that capture the dynamics of our adaptive network model of social fragmentation involving behavioral diversity of agents. Previous results showed that, if the agents’ cultural tolerance levels were diversified, the social network could remain connected while maintaining cultural diversity. Here we converted the original agent-based model into a continuous equation-based one so we can gain more theoretical insight into the model dynamics. We restricted the node states to 1-D continuous values and assumed the network size was very large. As a result, we represented the whole system as a set …

Toward Suicidal Ideation Detection With Lexical Network Features And Machine Learning, Ulya Bayram, William Lee, Daniel Santel, Ali Minai, Peggy Clark, Tracy Glauser, John Pestian

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

In this study, we introduce a new network feature for detecting suicidal ideation from clinical texts and conduct various additional experiments to enrich the state of knowledge. We evaluate statistical features with and without stopwords, use lexical networks for feature extraction and classification, and compare the results with standard machine learning methods using a logistic classifier, a neural network, and a deep learning method. We utilize three text collections. The first two contain transcriptions of interviews conducted by experts with suicidal (n=161 patients that experienced severe ideation) and control subjects (n=153). The third collection consists of interviews conducted by experts …

Bistability And Switching Behavior In Moving Animal Groups, Daniel Strömbom, Stephanie Nickerson, Catherine Futterman, Alyssa Difazio, Cameron Costello, Kolbjørn Tunstrøm

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

Moving animal groups such as schools of fish and flocks of birds frequently switch between different group structures. Standard models of collective motion have been used successfully to explain how stable groups form via local interactions between individuals, but they are typically unable to produce groups that exhibit spontaneous switching. We are only aware of one model, constructed for barred flagtail fish that are known to rely on alignment and attraction to organize their collective motion, that has been shown to generate this type of behavior in 2D (or 3D). Interestingly, another species of fish, golden shiners, do exhibit switching …

Book Review: This Is How They Tell Me The World Ends: The Cyberweapons Arms Race (2020) By Nicole Perlroth, Amy C. Gaudion

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

No abstract provided.

The Factors Influencing The Acceptance Of Web-Based E-Learning System Among Academic Staffs Of Saudi Arabia, Ikhlas Zamzami

Future Computing and Informatics Journal

It is possible to learn more quickly and effectively with e-learning software development because it provides learners with convenient and flexible learning environments. This allows them to progress further in their careers. Reports on web-based e-learning systems for in-service education have frequently neglected to include the viewpoint of the instructor. In order to conduct quantitative research, a sample of 50 academic staff members was selected. The purpose of this study was to investigate various factors that influence the intention to use web-based e-learning, with the theoretical foundation being provided by university lecturers. According to the findings of the study, the …

Enhancing Academic Advising In Credit Hours System Using Dss, Alaa Salah Eldin Ghoneim

Future Computing and Informatics Journal

Academic advising plays a vital role in achieving higher educational institution’s purposes. Academic advising is a process where an academic advisor decides to select a certain number of courses for a student to register in each semester to fulfil the graduation requirements. This paper presents an Academic Advising Decision Support System (AADSS) to enhance advisors make better decisions regarding their students’ cases. AADSS framework divided into four layers, data preparation layer, data layer, processing layer and decision layer. The testing results from those participating academic advisors and students considered are that AADSS beneficial in enhancing their decision for selecting courses.

Issue 18: Contributors, Don Flournoy

Online Journal of Space Communication

List of Issue 18 Contributors

Sunsat Design Competition 2015-2016 First Place Winner – Team Space Transport: Power Satellites Beamed Energy Bootstrapping, Keith Henson, Anna Nesterova

Online Journal of Space Communication

This International SunSat Design Competition first-place winner for 2016 describes a beamed energy transport system that will operate in Space above low earth orbit (LEO) as a way to move power satellite parts into high orbits.

This design, entitled “Beamed Energy Bootstrapping,” makes use of small propulsion power satellites to provide the energy for space-based vehicles using electric arcjets. The proposal lays out a scheme to get the first propulsion power satellite in place without damage as it passes through the orbiting space junk below 2000 km.

Click here to see the video: Space Transport for Power Satellites Beamed Energy …

Sunsat Design Competition 2015-2016 Second Place Winner – Team Pathway To Power : Wireless Power Transfer, Javier Tandazo, Ethan Wong, Curtis Waggoner, John Guggenheim, Alexander Carter

Online Journal of Space Communication

Solar Power Satellites (SPS) using Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) to beam renewable energy to consumers on earth face three grand challenges: moving parts, heat dissipation, and radio interference. Solutions to each of these “show stoppers” are presented here. Further, a progressively more-complex pathway is described which starts where we are now and leads step-wise to implementation of large-scale Space Solar Power (SSP).

The first two grand challenges are addressed by a novel SPS design based on a thin-walled cylinder configuration of solar panels. The remaining challenge is tackled through a newly-discovered antenna configuration which allows dramatic reduction in radio/telecom interference …

Sunsat Design Competition 2014-2015 Third Place Winner – Team Martian: Space Solar Power Test Bed, Jeremy Straub, Tristan Plante, Benjamin Kading, Alex Holland, Landon Klein, Jordan Forbord

Online Journal of Space Communication

We propose a four-stage plan to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of Space Solar Power (SSP) for use on Earth. Our project goal is to achieve Technology Readiness Level (TRL) by means of: 1) a test mission in low Earth orbit using a small spacecraft; 2) that will support a manned mission to Mars; 3) that includes a bent pipe experiment (power supplied from Earth, to a spacecraft and back to Earth), and 4) to complete system deployment.

The primary impediment to SSP implementation is thought to be the acceptance of the system by those on Earth who may be …

Sunsat Design Competition 2014-2015 First Place Winner – Team Cast: Multi-Rotary Joints Sps, Xinbin Hou, Meng Li, Lili Niu, Lu Zhou, Ying Chen, Zhengai Cheng, Haipeng Ji

Online Journal of Space Communication

Space Power Satellite (SPS) is a huge spacecraft designed to collect solar energy in space for supplying electric power to the electric grid on the ground. The SPS concept was first proposed by Dr. Peter Glaser in 1968.

Various studies on SPS in various countries have been produced over the past forty years. Today, there are multiple variations on this early concept, both in innovation and in optimization. Because of the huge size, immense mass and high power of these SPS installations, there are many technological difficulties.

Here, a new Multi-Rotary Joints SPS (MR-SPS) concept is proposed. The large solar …

Sunsat Design Competition 2014-2015 Second Place Winner – Team Sunflower: Thermal Power Satellite, Keith Henson, Steve Nixon, Kris Holland, Anna Nesterova

Online Journal of Space Communication

Space-based Solar Power has failed to be competitive on cost in spite of decades of study. A new approach appears to resolve the cost issue, undercutting coal and opening huge markets for low cost solar power from space. There are two parts to the problem. First is the cost of lifting parts to Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO; second is the mass of parts that make up a power satellite.

Our team is proposing a combination that makes use of Skylon to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), and a 15,000 ton payload ground powered electric propulsion from LEO to GEO. This strategy …

Sunsat Design Competition 2013-2014 Third Place Winner – Team University Of North Dakota: Nano Ssp Satellite, Corey Bergsrud, Robert Bernaciak, Ben Kading, John Mcclure, Jeremy Straub, Subin Shahukhal, Karl Williams

Online Journal of Space Communication

This work presents the conceptualization of a Space-to-Space Microwave Wireless Power Transmission (S2S-MWPT) experimental demonstration mission using small spacecraft. Literature reviews [1, 2] suggest a stepwise procedure for technology demonstrations in support of advancing space solar power satellite (SSPS) systems. These technologies should be verified first on Earth and then in-space using small satellites. This project built its S2S-MWPT demonstration concept within the University NanoSat program restrictions (dimensions of 50cm x 50cm x 60cm and mass of 50kg). The idea is to use these upper limit restrictions to develop the MWPT spacecraft (MicroSat). Contained inside the MicroSat …

Sunsat Design Competition 2013-2014 Second Place Winner – Team Solar Maximum Llc: Sun-Synchronous Orbits, Danny R. Jones, Anna Nesterova

Online Journal of Space Communication

The orbital location of PowerSats plays a critical role in determining the mass of the solar power satellite (PowerSat) transmitter and the size of the rectenna on the Earth’s surface. These in turn play an important role in the cost of deploying the PowerSat, especially the cost of launching the PowerSat into orbit as the transmitter makes up a large part of the PowerSats mass. We will consider a new approach to PowerSat orbital positioning by considering a circular sun-synchronous orbit at 5,185.3 kilometers with an inclination of 142.1 degrees. Locating the PowerSat at this location offers several benefits and …

Sunsat Design Competition 2013-2014 First Place Winner – Team Rajiv Gandhi University: Helioastra, Akhil Raj Kumar Kalapala, Krishna Bhavana Sivaraju

Online Journal of Space Communication

HelioAstra is a creative design and visualization of an advanced Space Solar Power system. Its concept is validated by a credible science and engineering approach and an innovative business plan.

The space and ground receiving segments are made up of high efficiency Fresnel lens concentrator quantum dot solar cells. The solar array in space is sized at 933 m2. It delivers 1 MW (1000 kW) of perennial, clean and eco-friendly solar electric power at the bus-bars on the ground.

A solid state laser system containing Neodymium doped Yttrium Aluminium garnet (Nd: Y3Al5O12) will accurately and efficiently transmit power. A ground …

Issue 17: Contributors, Don Flournoy

Online Journal of Space Communication

List of Issue 17 Contributors