Engineering Commons^™

Fico® Scores Through The Economic Cycle And Understanding Consumer Sensitivities To Economic Fluctuations, Gerald Fahner

SDSU Data Science Symposium

FICO® Scores assess default likelihood under “normal” conditions. Additional risk emanates from economic variability and manifests itself in changes to the score distribution as well as changes to the Odds-to-Score relationship. In this session we will examine credit bureau data from the Great Recession in the United States as compared to a stable economic period. We’ll share a framework that provides new and actionable insights into consumers’ sensitivities to such economic fluctuations such as:

• Application of counterfactual analysis, machine learning, and scorecards, to rank-order consumers’ sensitivities

• Consumer segmentation by economic sensitivities

• Sensitivity profiling reveals interesting differences between the most ...

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Identifying Genetic Regulators Of Cancer Stem Cell Differentiation For Glioblastoma Therapy, Ann Chen, Yang Xiao, Rong Fan, Jiangbing Zhou

Yale Day of Data

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of primary brain cancer. Even with treatment, GBM patients have a median survival rate of less than 15 months and a five-year survival rate of 2%. Poor therapeutic outcomes may be attributed to the presence of a subpopulation of cells within tumors, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are resistant to conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. CSCs are capable of tumor initiation, sustained self-renewal, and differentiation into terminal cell types. These terminally differentiated cells make up the bulk of the tumor and are sensitive to GBM therapies. Therefore, CSC-directed therapies ...

Epics Gaqt: Nandi Clean Kitchen Study, Yichen Fan

Engagement & Service-Learning Summit: Connecting Through Listening & Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Purdue Epics And Habitat For Humanity Partnership - Service-Learning For Over 20 Years, Trevor A. Drouillard, Sue Hunter

Engagement & Service-Learning Summit: Connecting Through Listening & Scholarship

For over twenty years, the Lafayette affiliate of Habitat for Humanity has partnered with the Purdue University EPICS program to connect students to real-world problems where they can learn engineering through experience. Past projects have focused on improving material storage methods, enhancing volunteer safety, developing energy-efficient building designs, and optimizing operational efficiency at Habitat for Humanity locations. The partnership is mutually beneficial for Habitat for Humanity – which benefits from the products students deliver – and for students – who learn how to apply engineering to real-world design. This poster represents a summary of what the EPICS – Habitat for Humanity partnership has produced ...

Community-Scale Water Treatment Systems In The Dominican Republic, Jonathan Racey, Annabelle Papai, Elise Fischer, Becca Johnson

Engagement & Service-Learning Summit: Connecting Through Listening & Scholarship

Engagement and Service-Learning Summit: Reciprocal and Sustainable Partnerships

Automated Control System For Photo-Bioreactor, Madankrishna Acharya

Posters-at-the-Capitol

At the University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research, recent efforts have been made to optimize and reduce the cost of a unit designed to control an automated photobioreactor system in which microalgae is grown to reduce CO2 emissions. In contrast with a previously used system based on a compactRIO controller and NI LabVIEW software, a new optimized version utilizes an inexpensive Beagle Bone panel as a microcontroller that can be programmed through the use of Python software. Notably, the cost of the new control system was 1/10th of the price of the previous unit.

The Development Of Hybrid Lipid-Polymer Nanoparticle Architectures For The Sustained-Release Of Small Hydrophilic Molecules, Keegan Curry, Jill M. Steinbach-Rankins Dr.

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Introduction: Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) have been utilized as drug delivery vehicles for a variety of applications. However, achieving sustained-release of small hydrophilic agents is a primary challenge for their use in prolonged delivery applications.

Objective: This study investigates how novel lipid-polymer hybrid particle architectures can be used to improve the release profile of small hydrophilic encapsulants. Here, PLGA NPs were produced via electrospraying and emulsions. Particles with a core-shell architecture were produced via coaxial electrospraying and the ability of this architecture to sustain release was examined. In addition, we combined polymeric core-shell NPs with a lipid coating to improve biocompatibility ...

Computational Investigation Of The Interactions Between Bioactive Compounds And Biological Assemblies, Tye D. Martin

Shared Knowledge Conference

Design of small molecules is an ongoing focus for developing agents against pathogenic viruses and bacteria that are threats to worldwide health. Viruses such as Zika feature assemblies of repeat peptide subunits or capsid proteins which are potential targets for antiviral compounds. Other protein assemblies are implicated in pathology of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and additional neurodegenerative diseases characterized by large assemblies of misfolded proteins such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau. Recent studies on a class of conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) with phenylene ethynylene moieties and charged functional groups have shown potential both as bioactive antimicrobials and theragnostic sensing agents for ...

Evaluation Of A Novel Tool To Diagnose And Treat Alzheimer’S Disease, Adeline Marianne Fanni

Shared Knowledge Conference

More than 5 million Americans are currently suffering from Alzheimer’s disease, an incurable form of dementia characterized by cell brain death. Symptoms are memory loss, behavior changes as well as speech impediment which interfere with daily life. To this date, no efficient diagnostic or therapeutic tools have been successfully developed. Indeed, accurate detection is still challenging with up to 20% misdiagnoses of Alzheimer’s cases. Additionally, the lack of efficient treatment causes one of the highest cost of patient care in the United States ($259 billion for dementia care in 2017). This information highlights the urgent need to develop ...

Improving The Palatability Of Colonoscopy Preparations, Phuong Anh Hoang Nguyen, Darnell Leon Cuylear, Heather Elizabeth Canavan

Shared Knowledge Conference

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The most reliable screening method of CRC is a colonoscopy which requires a 4-Liter polymer with electrolytes preparation. Two in five patients are non-compliant to their colonoscopy schedules, with many patients who abstain reporting refusal due to significant discomfort associated with this preparation. Furthermore, there are distinct gender differences in the tolerance of colonoscopy preparations in male and female populations. We hypothesize the differences in clinic are a result of toxic effects of the drug associated with poor mixing by individual patients. PEG, the drug ...

An Engineer’S Take On The Bone-Ligament Interface: Utilizing Novel Technology To Improve Clinical Outcomes, Emma Garcia

Shared Knowledge Conference

Ligament repair is a common surgical practice with a significant lack of viable replacements. The current gold standard for repair is the use of tendon grafts from cadavers or from another place in the patient’s body; however, these often cause more problems than they solve including immune responses or a lack of mobility in another place in the body. Synthetic replacements are of growing interest, though the ability to mimic the complex structure of the ligament and how it connects to the bone remains an obstacle. Our lab built a 3D bioprinter combined with an electrospinner to address this ...

Autonomous Vehicle Traffic Impact Scenario Analysis: Central New Mexico Case Study, Razieh Nadafianshahamabadi

Shared Knowledge Conference

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are on their way to becoming a significant part of our transportation systems and cities. Previous studies have mainly focused on how much AVs could improve traffic flow and reduce congestion or improve safety. Reducing congestion and the cost of travel time is also expected to increase travel demand, but by how much is not well understood. This study, located in Albuquerque, New Mexico, uses an integrated travel demand and land-use modeling system to evaluate how AVs may affect congestion, travel demand and land use. Our modeling system considers how traffic patterns, travel demand and land use ...

Cementitious Sensors Exhibiting Stopbands In Acoustic Transmission Spectra, Shreya Vemuganti

Shared Knowledge Conference

Ultrasonic monitoring in cementitious materials is challenging due to the high degree of attenuation. In wellbore environments, monitoring becomes more challenging due to inaccessibility. Meta materials, also known as acoustic bandgap materials, exhibit an interesting feature of forbidding the propagation of elastic/sound waves and isolate vibration in a certain frequency band. Traditionally, acoustic bandgap materials are developed with inclusions such as tin, aluminum, gold, steel in a polymer matrix. In this study, we present the development of three-dimensional cementitious sensors capable of exhibiting stopbands in the acoustic transmission spectra using carbon nanotubes. Relatively wide stopbands were engineered using Floquet-Bloch ...

Optimal Attitude Control Of A Two-Cubesat Virtual Telescope In A Highly Elliptical Orbit, Reza Pirayeshshirazinezhad

Shared Knowledge Conference

This paper investigates a novel approach for attitude control of 2 satellites acting as a virtual telescope. The Virtual Telescope for X-ray Observations (VTXO) is a mission exploiting 2 6U-CubeSats operating in a precision formation. The goal of the VTXO project is to develop a space-based, X-ray imaging telescope with high angular resolution precision. In this scheme, one CubeSat carries a diffractive lens and the other one carries an imaging device to support a focal length of 100 m. In this mission, the attitude control algorithms are required to keep the two spacecraft in alignment with the Crab Nebula observations ...

Achieving High Catalytic Activity And Redox Stability Of Doped Ceria Through A Novel Sol Gel Synthesis, Christopher Riley

Shared Knowledge Conference

Ceria is widely studied in catalysis because of its high oxygen mobility and storage capacity. These properties are enhanced by the incorporation of dopant atoms into the ceria crystal structure. However, creating a homogenously doped structure requires a suitable synthesis technique. Otherwise, dopant atoms form an oxide phase on the ceria surface, which blocks highly active catalytic sites. Traditional production methods allow for cerium and dopant ions to segregate during synthesis. In this work, we demonstrate a novel sol gel synthesis method for producing homogeneously doped ceria. The method is easy and avoids the use of hazardous chemicals. Higher dopant ...

Pulsed Fiber Optics Lasers As Highly Sensitive Sensors, Hanieh Afkhamiardakani

Shared Knowledge Conference

An interferometer or resonator is a device in which optical beams of specific frequencies circulate with minimal losses. These losses are completely compensated by the gain inside a laser resonator. A small perturbation introduced inside the laser can affect its frequency, which in turns becomes a metric of that perturbation. The perturbation is usually caused by an electric or magnetic field, rotation, acceleration, nonlinear index of refraction etc. Tiny changes of optical frequency are monitored by superimposing the laser field and a reference field (from the same laser) on a detector. This technique requires creating a laser in which two ...

Demand Response Management In Smart Grid Networks: A Two-Stage Game-Theoretic Learning-Based Approach, Pavlos Athanasios Apostolopoulos

Shared Knowledge Conference

In this paper, the combined problem of power company selection and demand response management (DRM) in a smart grid network consisting of multiple power companies and multiple customers is studied via adopting a reinforcement learning and game-theoretic technique. Each power company is characterized by its reputation and competitiveness. The customers, acting as learning automata select the most appropriate power company to be served, in terms of price and electricity needs’ fulfillment, via a reinforcement learning based mechanism. Given customers’ power company selection, the DRM problem is formulated as a two-stage game theoretic optimization framework. At the first stage the optimal ...

End-To-End Deep Learning Systems For Scene Understanding, Path Planning And Navigation In Fire Fighter Teams, Manish Bhattarai

Shared Knowledge Conference

Firefighting is a dynamic activity with many operations occurring simultaneously. Maintaining situational awareness, defined as knowledge of current conditions and activities at the scene, are critical to accurate decision making. Firefighters often carry various sensors in their personal equipment, namely thermal cameras, gas sensors, and microphones. Improved data processing techniques can mine this data more effectively and be used to improve situational awareness at all times thereby improving real-time decision making and minimizing errors in judgment induced by environmental conditions and anxiety levels. This objective of this research employs state of the art Machine Learning (ML) techniques to create an ...

Sustainable And Equitable Financing For Pedestrian Infrastructure Maintenance, Alexis Corning Padilla

Shared Knowledge Conference

In many communities, pedestrian infrastructure is discontinuous, inaccessible to those with physical disabilities, and poorly maintained. Correcting these problems would be a first step in providing infrastructure to achieve the active travel and related transportation goals of many communities. One nearly universal challenge to maintaining sidewalks in a state of good repair and addressing environmental justice concerns is an adequate, sustainable and equitable source of funding. Municipal governments across the country maintain and repair their streets and roadways; however, most require residents to maintain and repair public sidewalks adjacent to their property. These policies are difficult to enforce and may ...

3d Bioprinting And Near-Field Electrospinning Composite Scaffolds For The Bone-Ligament Interface, Emma Garcia, Christina Salas, Matthew N. Rush, Christopher Buksa, Marissa Perez, Ava Mauser, Steven Nery, Fermin Prieto, Darielys Morales

Shared Knowledge Conference

3D bioprinting is an additive manufacturing technique that can utilize a range of bioactive materials to construct specific architectures that mimic native tissue. Near-field electrospinning (NFE) offers precise alignment control to create non-woven mats with high tensile strengths. We built a custom E-spin printer that enables layer-by-layer alternating deposition between 3D bioprinting and NFE to create composite scaffolds for the bone-ligament interface. This complex region is difficult to simulate due to its functionally graded mechanical and biochemical properties. We created NFE poly(caprolactone) highly aligned micro-fibers which formed collagen fibril-like bundles. Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate with decellularized bone was encased ...

Genetic Algorithm Design Of Photonic Crystals For Energy-Efficient Ultrafast Laser Transmitters, Troy A. Hutchins-Delgado

Shared Knowledge Conference

Photonic crystals allow light to be controlled and manipulated such that novel photonic devices can be created. We are interested in using photonic crystals to increase the energy efficiency of our semiconductor whistle-geometry ring lasers. A photonic crystal will enable us to reduce the ring size, while maintaining confinement, thereby reducing its operating power. Photonic crystals can also exhibit slow light that will increase the interaction with the material. This will increase the gain, and therefore, lower the threshold for lasing to occur. Designing a photonic crystal for a particular application can be a challenge due to its number of ...

Comparison Of Steady And Transient Flow Boiling Critical Heat Flux (Chf) For Fecral Accident Tolerant Fuel Cladding Alloy, Zircaloy, And Inconel, Soon Kyu Lee

Shared Knowledge Conference

The nuclear reactor design focuses on building a system that is robust and reliable, is efficient and economical, and do not run into undesirable transient accident scenarios. The nuclear reactor safety focuses on ensuring the system operation under the safety margins and requirements provided by the regulatory agencies. Following the Fukushima nuclear reactor accident, the US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE) Advanced Fuels Campaign (AFC) is working to develop fuel and cladding candidates with potentially enhanced accident tolerance: ‘Advanced Tolerant Fuel’ (ATF). As a part of the AFC, this research focuses on gaining mechanistic understanding of the ...

Controlled Nanomorphology Of Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Multi-Component Composites Through Cooperative Non-Covalent Interactions, Lingyao Meng

Shared Knowledge Conference

Hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposite polymers, with inorganic nanoparticles embedded in organic matrix have emerged as a special category of multifunctional materials. With rational materials design, these hybrids can show the synergistic effect of the properties from both phases. Homogenous dispersion and orderly arrangement of the organic and inorganic components are key in their functionalities. By controlling the interface and corresponding interfacial interactions between the organic and inorganic entities, we have developed a logical approach to form stable and controlled hybrid nanofiber structures. We demonstrate the formation of hybrid polymer/quantum dots (or iron oxide nanoparticles) nanocomposites through non-covalent interactions (hydrogen ...

Radiation Transport In Stochastic Media, Corey Skinner

Shared Knowledge Conference

The need to investigate numerical methods for the transport of radiation (thermal photons, light, neutrons, gammas) in random mixtures of immiscible materials arises in numerous applications, including inertial confinement fusion, turbid media (e.g., skin tissue), stellar atmospheres, clouds, and pebble bed nuclear reactors. Stochastic geometry techniques enable rendering of realizations of such random media and deterministic finite difference/finite element as well as Monte Carlo techniques are used to numerically simulate radiation transport on a large ensemble of realizations. The results are then averaged to obtain statistical moments of the radiation intensity, in particular the mean and variance, to ...

Improving The Palatability Of Colonoscopy Preparations, Phuong Anh Hoang Nguyen, Sarah Mounho, Darnell Cuylear, Heather Canavan

Shared Knowledge Conference

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The most reliable screening method of CRC is a colonoscopy which requires a 4-Liter polymer with electrolytes preparation. Two in five patients are non-compliant to their colonoscopy schedules, with many patients who abstain reporting refusal due to significant discomfort associated with this preparation. Furthermore, there are distinct gender differences in the tolerance of colonoscopy preparations in male and female populations. We hypothesize the differences in clinic are a result of toxic effects of the drug associated with poor mixing by individual patients. PEG, the drug ...

Use Of High Fidelity Fission Models In Criticality Calculations, Daniel H. Timmons

Shared Knowledge Conference

The use of Monte Carlo, random number sampling, for neutron transport has been used for about half a century. There are many benchmarks that have been used to validate neutronics codes, mostly for critical systems. Critical systems are systems where the neutron population from one generation to the next is the same. Subcriticality is when there are less neutrons in the next generation and supercriticality is when there are more neutrons in the next generation than there were in the previous. To calculate criticality, a set number of neutrons are started in a system. Those neutrons interact and the number ...

Catalytic Deoxygenation Of Model And Realistic Feeds To Fuel-Like Hydrocarbons Over Supported Nickel-Copper Catalysts, Deyshon Ward, Kazi Javed

Posters-at-the-Capitol

The goal was to make a renewable fuel by using catalysts to remove oxygen molecules from fats. This is a current issue that society faces today because nonrenewable fossil fuels hurt the environment more than they help it. There are two components that make up a heterogeneous catalyst, a support and a reduced metal active phase. The active metal phases Nickel, Palladium, Platinum have been studied in the past on an alumina and carbon supports. We were investigating other supports using Nickel as the active phase component to determine the effect the support has on the catalyst removing oxygen of ...

6 - Evaluating The Effects Of Microenvironment Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines On Breast Cancer Metastasis, Megan Williams

Georgia Undergraduate Research Conference (GURC)

Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed forms of cancer in women, yet there is still no cure for stage IV breast cancer. Stage IV breast cancer is characterized by the cancer becoming metastatic and spreading to other parts of the body. With metastatic breast cancer accounting for approximately 90% of all breast cancer deaths, it is imperative to better understand the mechanisms of breast cancer metastasis for approaches towards treatment and prevention. It is understood that the cellular microenvironment plays a vital role in breast cancer metastasis, as research has shown that signaling molecules, such as cytokines ...

12 - Data Analytics Using Accelerometer Data Obtained From Adxl345 Mounted On A Wi-Fi-Based Remotely Controlled Model Car, Adriana Amyette, Sairam Tangirala, Tae Song Lee

Georgia Undergraduate Research Conference (GURC)

Poster presentation of

“Data Analytics Using Accelerometer Data Obtained From ADXL345 Mounted on a Wi-Fi-Based Remotely Controlled Model Car”

with demonstration of a working remotely-controlled smart car prototype system.

An Overview Of Pebble-Bed Reactors, Paul Schwan, Julian Spangler, Isaac Naupa

Georgia Undergraduate Research Conference (GURC)

Pebble bed reactors (PBR) are a type of Generation IV nuclear reactor that offers remarkable advantages over traditional reactors in size, safety, and cost of construction. This makes PBRs a very attractive alternative to the more complex reactor designs currently operating while also offering a possible solution to increasing energy demands. There are currently a number of national and international companies in the nuclear industry working on the development and testing of PBRs. Even though several of the PBR designs are new, some designs resemble the original designs with modern technologies and materials. In this research study, a historical approach ...