Engineering Commons^™

Transmission Measurements Through Liquids In A White Cell, David Earl Hurley

Masters Theses

"The suitability of using the White cell for determining the extinction coefficient of liquids was examined by measuring the attenuation of electromagnetic radiation, in the visible part of the spectrum, through distilled water. The analysis of the transmittance measurements through liquids in a White cell does not provide a sufficient number of independent equations to solve directly for the extinction coefficient. Reasonable estimates however can be made by employing a correction which accounts for changes in the mirror reflectance due to a liquid-mirror interface.

The reduction in the transmittance of distilled water due to an oil film was studied for …

Nutation Control During Precession Of A Spin-Stabilized Spacecraft, Richard James Donner

Masters Theses

"The effects of precession thrust pulses and energy dissipation upon nutation of a spin-stabilized spacecraft are studied. Methods for controlling nutation during a precession maneuver are proposed and examined. In particular, a precession modulation control law is developed which uses precession thrust pulses to control nutation. Digital simulations show that precession control with separate nutation control is the fastest precessing system; however, the precession modulation method is only fractionally slower while not requiring a separate nutation control system"--Abstract, page ii.

The Effect Of Porosity On Strength Degradation In Thermally Shocked Alumina, Russell David Smith

Masters Theses

"Strength degradation and crack propagation in Al₂O₃ are shown to depend on the initial strength and porosity of the material. Specimens were fabricated containing between 0 and 5% induced cylindrical, two dimensional, and spherical porosity. The strengths of the various porosity samples decreased discontinuously at a critical quenching temperature. No difference was observed in the critical temperature for the various aluminas; initial strength decrease occurred between 165°C and 175°C temperature differential. The strength retained after thermal shock decreased with increasing initial strength. The degree of damage sustained upon shocking was also characterized by crack density and crack …

Management Of Passive Countersurveillance In The R & D Environment, James Ronald Carney

Masters Theses

"Existing management procedures that are pertinent to research and development activities within the Government are presented. The main focus of this effort is on the Mobility Equipment Research and Development Center’s Countersurveillance and Topographic Division, and highlights the relevant plans, documents, programs, and reporting systems utilized by the Army and the Department of Defense. An in-depth examination is made on the need for Countersurveillance in the Army. The Army’s existing Countersurveillance research and development missions and programs are reviewed.

A detailed investigation and analysis is performed on current management concepts and techniques that are utilized in research and development endeavors. …

The Linear New City -- A Pattern For New Cities Based On Efficiency Of Transportation, Public Services, And Land Use, Elbridge Wesley Bartley Iii

Masters Theses

"The linear new city is defined as a city consisting of some arrangement of relatively narrow, high-density strips, served by various mass transportation systems. Such a new city would be ideally suited to the implementation of the latest technology. The concentration of development along the transportation route would allow certain economies in the supply of utilities and services, as well as insuring that open space would be readily available around and throughout the city. The provisions for transportation, housing, and governmental control should combine to produce a better quality of life for the inhabitants of the linear new city"--Abstract, page …

A Study Of The Ability Of Water Treatment To Remove Trace Organics, Daniel Lee Oliver

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this investigation was to study the ability of water treatment processes, especially coagulation and chlorination, to remove trace organic materials from raw river water. Trace organic concentrations were determined using the Organics-Carbon Adsorbable (O-CA) technique, a miniaturized Carbon Adsorption Method (CAM).

Missouri River raw and treated water, obtained on 3 different dates at the Jefferson City, MO, water treatment plant, was used. The effect of various treatment steps, including settling, softening with lime, coagulating with copperas or alum over a range of doses, and chlorinating at the dose necessary to give a free residual of 2 mg/1 …

Interior Noise In Military Helicopters, Charles E. Perez Jr.

Masters Theses

"The Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS) or temporary hearing loss caused by excessive interior noise in military helicopters results in a critical degradation of the acoustically unprotected infantryman's ability to detect the existence or the approach of the enemy by hearing under combat conditions. The overall problem of noise reduction in helicopters consists of: (1) identifying the various noise sources, and (2) employing appropriate noise control techniques. Identification of the source is accomplished by the frequency correlation of 1/10-octave band analysis of the interior sound levels measured within the helicopter cabin with near-field sound generated by the sound sources. Reduction of …

Design Of An Analog-Temperature Control System For An Expansion Cloud Chamber, Andrew C. Tebelak

Masters Theses

"This thesis describes the design, construction, and application of an analog control system for the temperature control of an expansion cloud chamber. During the expansion, the sample gas and the chamber walls are cooled at the same rate so as to maintain adiabaticity. The control system measures the wall temperature with transistor temperature sensors, calculates the gas temperature from the gas pressure using the adiabatic gas law, and generates a control signal proportional to their difference. The control precision is sufficient to allow the chamber to be used in the study of atmospheric phenomena.

The chamber is a ten-sided right …

A Study Of Rf Induction Heating And Float Zone Refining Of Silicon, John Allen Reynolds

Masters Theses

"Float zone refining using simultaneous RF induction heating and electromagnetic levitation has proven to be the best technique for producing high purity silicon for the semiconductor industry.

A study of the power requirements for floating molten zones, of load to source impedance matching, and of considerations for RF heating coil design was conducted to determine possible methods of improving the technique. It is shown that the power requirements are within reason, that impedance matching can be improved by varying network parameters, and that certain vital items must be assured in the design of different RF heating coils.

It is believed …

Inertial Navigation Performance Improvement Realized By The Technique Of Interrupted Alignment, Ralph E. Herndon

Masters Theses

"Present on-aircraft ground alignment gyro bias methods can basically be categorized as (1) periodic maintenance performed by the ground crew, (2) pre-flight calibration requiring a two-position gyro compass alignment or (3) optimal filter estimation of the north gyro bias error.

This thesis discussion presents an interrupted alignment method that allows adequate level axes gyro bias correction without the restrictions associated with a conventional two-position gyrocompass alignment (i.e., a minimum time for bias calibration on a steady aircraft). The interrupted alignment technique allows the pilot to select the navigate mode at any point during gyrocompass and reselect the align mode at …

Mass Transfer Coefficients Determined By Simplex Optimization Techniques, Charles Ferris Callihan

Masters Theses

"The objective of this thesis is to develop a method for obtaining individual mass transfer coefficients in absorption columns. There are two assumptions which apply throughout the thesis. The first assumption is "plug flow." The second assumption is that the axial concentrations can be measured accurately enough.

The problem is approached by simulating data generated from a mathematical model of an absorption column. A response surface is defined which is a function of the individual mass transfer coefficients. The lowest point on the surface locates the individual mass transfer coefficients for the system in question.

The mathematical model of the …

Characterization Of A Mexican Halloysitic Clay And Behavior In Dry Pressing, Jesus L. Derat

Masters Theses

"A Mexican clay, intended to be used as refractory raw material, was identified. Problems encountered in the characterization of halloysitic clays are discussed and emphasis is made on the use of the electron microscope (scanning or transmission type) as a definite evidence of the existence of halloysite due to its unique morphology within the kaolinite group of clay minerals.

Beneficiation of this particular clay was carried out on a small scale hydrocyclone equipment and the results are discussed.

In an attempt to increase the green density in dry pressing of this halloysitic clay, mixtures with grog were prepared using different …

Liquid-Liquid Extraction With First Order Reaction : A Mathematical Simulation, Alan Wayne Smith

Masters Theses

"Models for mass transfer to droplets based on film theory with first order chemical reaction are proposed and compared with experimental data. The experimental extraction data is available from the work by Andoe (1968). The physical system used was benzene as a continuous phase and water as a dispersed phase with 2-chloro-2- methyl propane the solute diffusing into and reacting in the droplet. This system had a high interfacial tension (31.0 dynes/cm) and droplet Reynolds numbers ranging from 600 to 1345.

The predicted results of this work are in the form of the dimensionless total mass transferred to the droplet …

Analysis Of Interferometric Holography In Temperature Measurement, Allan James Reifel

Masters Theses

"An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the accuracy and sensitivity of a laser holographic interferometer. Interference fringe patterns of a free convection boundary layer on the surface of a vertical test plate were produced. The plate was heated and designed to produce a linear temperature distribution along its surface.

A thermocouple probe was used to map the temperatures in the boundary layer and these values were compared to temperatures obtained from fringe patterns. Data photographs of the holograms were used in the analysis. The number of fringes obtained were compared to predictions of the Gladstone-Dale Law.

High quality fringe …

Break-Even Criteria For A Pulsed D-T Reactor, Kenneth Franklin Keller

Masters Theses

"To those who keep track of such things and are in a position to make predictions, it appears that the use of controlled thermonuclear reactions to economically produce electric power is well within a lifetime from now. Indeed, experiments presently being conducted are putting us closer and closer to the development and construction of demonstration fusion reactors. Understandably, the people working on such products and processes are optimistic about their results. This is as it should be if our nation is to avoid major energy shortages in the future.

Unfortunately, the tenor of this paper is pessimistic. This is not …

A Comparison Of Three Urban Hydrology Models, Richard F. Astrack

Masters Theses

"Three models, the British Road Research Laboratory Hydrograph Method, the Hydrocomp Simulation Program, and the HEC-1 Flood Hydrograph Package, are applied to the Boneyard Creek basin. Comparing the ability of these models to reproduce the observed peak discharge, time of the peak, and the first runoff volume determines the accuracy of these models"--Abstract, page iii.

A Highway Rest Area Design Based On A Use Study In Outstate Missouri, Dimitris Peter Perandakos

Masters Theses

"The limited number of rest areas in the State of Missouri does create a major problem for the motorist travelling in this state.

The author became more aware of this problem from personal experience and decided to investigate it. For that he interviewed over one thousand motorists on the only rest area that is located on 1-44, near the city of Stanton. He also took traffic counts to determine the average daily traffic volumes of Highway 1-44 and of the rest area stated above.

The data collected from the above steps was used for the design of a new rest …

Relative Volatility In The System 1-Butene - N-Butane, Steven Lewis Walker

Masters Theses

"An apparatus suitable for the rapid collection of P-x data at constant T is described. Isothermal P-x data at 40, 70, 100, 130, and 160 degrees Fahrenheit at the extremes of the composition range for the 1-butene - n-butane system are presented as a demonstration of the suitability of the device for its intended purpose. Limiting values of the relative volatility for the binary are presented. The relative volatilities were calculated using limiting forms of the general coexistence equation which are given in the literature. Several recommendations are given for improvements of the equipment and experimental technique"--Abstract, page ii.

A Thin Film Evaporator Rate Controller, Daniel Robert Kasterlein

Masters Theses

"A circuit is described which is used to control the evaporation rate of material from a resistance heated boat or electron beam evaporator. The rate controller is used in conjunction with a quartz crystal thickness monitor in a vacuum evaporator"--Abstract, page ii.

Analysis And Design For Semi-Automatic And Automatic Control Of Vehicles By Permanent Magnets, Hari K. Mehta

Masters Theses

"The analysis and design carried out in this study relates to automatic or semi-automatic lateral control of a vehicle. This is one of the three essential subsystems needed for a complete automatic control system. The other two subsystems provide longitudinal control, and intersection or lane-changing control.

The system studied employs a series of permanent magnets which have been embedded vertically in the road and spaced at an interval to be used for position reference, leading to discontinuous error signal. This system has been analyzed by classical Z-transform analysis and control models have been developed for two kinds of controls. First, …

Digital Fault Calculations Of Large Systems Using Matrix Language And Generalized Equations, Saeed Abdel-Halim Khalifa

Masters Theses

"A new short circuit program has been developed for a large system. Several features have been provided to simplify handling of the system data. Various study cases are performed, efficiently, within the available computer memory. A master data bank is established from bus, feeder and transformer data. They can be modified internally to simulate various system configurations. Matrix formation is accomplished using a new sorting method and the IBM/360 Matrix Language MATLAN. A generalized set of ii ·equations have been developed and applied to calculate four types of faults.

The program consists of two phases of operations. In phase-1, input …

On The Complex Index Of Refraction Of Bulk Materials, Carol Jeanne Warren

Masters Theses

"As a part of the investigation of classical reflectance, it is determined that the hemispherical reflectance for a material with a particular pair of optical constants can be approximated by computing the angular reflectance at sixty degrees, using Fresnel's generalized reflectance formulas.

Reflection methods for the purpose of determining the optical constants of a variety of materials are discussed. The unpolarized reflectance versus angle of incidence technique is used for determination of the optical constants of bulk solids. Restrictions on the simultaneous solution of the Fresnel equations are determined and a computer program is developed to compute values necessary to …

The Effect Of Gating On Soundness Of Al-Alloy Permanent Mold Castings, Dinesh Shantilal Patel

Masters Theses

"This thesis describes the step by step approach to the design of a gating system for the production of sound plate castings in permanent molds. Castings of different thicknesses were produced, utilizing various gating systems, and examined radiographically to evaluate the effectiveness of these gating systems in the production of sound castings. A gating system which allows metal to enter the mold cavity with no turbulence and which establishes proper temperature gradients in the casting will produce sound permanent mold castings"--Abstract, page ii.

An Experiment To Determine The Coupled Unidirectional Effect Of Wind And Waves On Surface Drift, Rameshchandra C. Shah

Masters Theses

"An experiment was conducted to study the coupled parallel and unidirectional effect of wind and waves on surface drift velocity of oil lenses and flexible plastic floats. The experiment was also conducted to study the effect of float width, wave length and air turbulence on the drift velocity of the surface floats. Experiments were also conducted to determine the air flow characteristics of the wind tunnel test section.

Experimental results are presented for a free stream wind velocity from zero to 700 cm/sec; the wave steepness ranged from zero to 0. 069, which is near the maximum steepness for stable …

Design Of A High Pressure Fluid Intensifier, James Andrew Kwiatkowski

Masters Theses

"In this thesis the design of the major components of a high pressure intensifier is presented. The machine is a high pressure fluid intensifier which can develop an intermittent water jet of .01112 inches in diameter at a pressure of 100,000 psi and a flow rate of .9508 gpm. This machine can be used to study the capabilities of high pressure water jets to cut high compressive strength rocks.

The primary machine elements of the intensifier system are the source, charging system, valve system, nozzle, and the intensifier. The source will be a Kobe Triplex Pump having a variable output …

Nucleate Pool Boiling Of Refrigerant-Oil Mixtures From Tubes, R. L. Dougherty

Masters Theses

"This experimental investigation was conducted to provide design heat transfer data for applications involving the nucleate pool boiling of Refrigerants 11 and 113 from the external surfaces of tubes. Tests were conducted with 0.625-in. o.d. and 1.125-in. o.d. commercial copper tubing; at 1 and 2 atmospheres pressure; and with refrigerant-oil compositions from 0 to 10 percent oil by weight. Results show that each of these parameters can affect the heat transfer coefficient"--Abstract, page ii.

A Formal Description Of The Nova-800 Computer In Computer Design Language, Ronald Lee Engelbrecht

Masters Theses

"This paper presents a formal description of the operation of the NOVA 800 in Computer Design Language (CDL). For simplicity, the description does not include specific input/output devices, the multiply/divide option, or data channel operations. The description is intended to be used as a supplement in a basic course in computer organization, and an example of its use is included"--Abstract, page ii.

An Optical Detector Of Water Droplets Within A Thermal Diffusion Chamber, Duane Burton Bush

Masters Theses

"A technique is investigated for counting water droplets formed in a vertical plate steady flow thermal diffusion chamber designed to count cloud condensation nuclei. The counting technique utilizes light scattering. The light source is a He-Ne laser. The detector is a photomultiplier tube. The technique differs from that used in instruments manufactured by Bausch and Lomb, Royco, Climet, etc., in that the aerosol is not passed through a capillary tube. Instead, the viewed volume is optically defined.

It was found that in the configuration tested, the viewed volume is not well enough defined for use with polydisperse aerosols, although the …

Optimal Synthesis Of Active Distributed Rc Low-Pass Filters, Robert Iman Egbert

Masters Theses

"Although synthesis procedures for active distributed RC networks are well developed, the approximation problem is largely unsolved. Previously proposed solutions have several disadvantages. A better solution to the approximation problem is obtained by developing an error expression involving the difference between the ideal specification and the exact realization, then minimizing this error by numerical techniques. The method is illustrated by designing a set of active distributed RC low-pass filters"--Abstract, page ii.

Power, Divergence, And Stability Factors Affecting The Use Of A Krypton Laser As A Multispectral Illumination Source, David Perry Owsley

Masters Theses

"Specific performance characteristics of a krypton laser were measured. Evaluation criteria were dictated by the proposed use of the laser as a multi-wavelength illumination source. The laser output power, spectral power distribution, and output stability were measured as a function of wavelength and transverse mode order, to determine optimal operation characteristics. Data are presented defining the compromise between laser output power and beam divergence when the laser is operated multi-wavelength, and in several low-order transverse modes. There is an advantage of increased output power when the laser is operated in transverse modes higher in order than TEM₀₀, but …