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Articles 1 - 30 of 59
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Sialic Acid Conjugated Chitosan For The Attenuation Of Amyloid-Beta Toxicity, Dhruva Dilip Dhavale
Sialic Acid Conjugated Chitosan For The Attenuation Of Amyloid-Beta Toxicity, Dhruva Dilip Dhavale
LSU Master's Theses
Amyloid-beta (Aβ), a 39 to 43 amino acid long peptide, is the primary species identified in senile plaques associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and has been implicated in the neurotoxicity associated with AD. It is believed that Aβ toxicity is mediated through the interaction with neuronal membranes. A variety of evidence indicates that 1) Aβ may bind to the cell surface sialic acids, 2) the affinity of this interaction is higher if the gangliosides or sialic acids on the cell surface are clustered, 3) the removal of the surface sialic acids attenuate Aβ toxicity. Based on this data, we hypothesized …
Gas Transfer In Air-Lifts Used To Recirculate Aquaculture Systems, Ryan Anthony Hearn
Gas Transfer In Air-Lifts Used To Recirculate Aquaculture Systems, Ryan Anthony Hearn
LSU Master's Theses
The following studies were conducted to determine hydraulic, aeration, and degasification characteristics associated with various air-lift pumps. The first study presented data on a 20.3 cm air-lift used to support adult Yellowtail broodstock (Seriola lalandi) in an oligotrophic warmwater marine RAS (recirculating aquaculture system). Empirical relationships were used to estimate actual oxygen and carbon dioxide mass transfer rates (AOTR & ACTR) as the inlet oxygen or carbon dioxide concentrations were perturbed under lift heights of 30.5, 38.1, and 45.7 cm. Transfer rates, kg of constituent per day, were found to be dependent on air injection depth and volume, aqueous gas …
Thermal Characterization Of Plain And Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Syntactic Foams, Pratap Chandrashekhara Bhat
Thermal Characterization Of Plain And Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Syntactic Foams, Pratap Chandrashekhara Bhat
LSU Master's Theses
Syntactic foams are composite materials in which the matrix phase is reinforced with hollow particles called microballoons. They possess properties such as low moisture absorption, low thermal conductivity and high damage tolerance because of their compositions. Traditionally, syntactic foams are used for many high strength applications and as insulating materials. But for applications demanding better heat dissipation from syntactic foam, conductive filler materials need to be added while maintaining its property of low density. Carbon nanotubes although extremely conductive, have issues of agglomeration in the matrix. In this research, a new approach to the problem of dispersion of nanotubes was …
Asynchronous Replication Of Metadata Across Multi-Master Servers In Distributed Data Storage Systems, Ismail Akturk
Asynchronous Replication Of Metadata Across Multi-Master Servers In Distributed Data Storage Systems, Ismail Akturk
LSU Master's Theses
In recent years, scientific applications have become increasingly data intensive. The increase in the size of data generated by scientific applications necessitates collaboration and sharing data among the nation's education and research institutions. To address this, distributed storage systems spanning multiple institutions over wide area networks have been developed. One of the important features of distributed storage systems is providing global unified name space across all participating institutions, which enables easy data sharing without the knowledge of actual physical location of data. This feature depends on the ``location metadata'' of all data sets in the system being available to all …
A Decision Making Framework For Hurricane Evacuation And Sheltering, Jason Fennell
A Decision Making Framework For Hurricane Evacuation And Sheltering, Jason Fennell
LSU Master's Theses
There are few tools currently available to emergency managers to assist in making decisions about whether to evacuate, shelter locally, or shelter-in-place, and none of these tools explicitly consider risk to life safety. A methodology was developed to provide risk-based guidance for evacuation versus sheltering decision making. The hurricane hazards considered in the developed methodology are high winds, storm surge flooding and waves, and rainfall flooding. Vulnerability of buildings to these hazards and the associated risks to life safety are then determined. These results are compared to the hazards and risks associated with evacuation, particularly for medical special needs populations …
Mechanistic Foam Modeling And Simulations: Gas Injection During Surfactant-Alternating-Gas Processes Using Foam-Catastrophe Theory, Ali Afsharpoor
Mechanistic Foam Modeling And Simulations: Gas Injection During Surfactant-Alternating-Gas Processes Using Foam-Catastrophe Theory, Ali Afsharpoor
LSU Master's Theses
The use of foam for mobility control is a promising means to improve sweep efficiency in subsurface applications such as improved/enhanced oil recovery and aquifer remediation. Foam can be introduced into geological formations by injecting gas and surfactant solutions simultaneously or alternatively. Alternating gas and surfactant solutions, which is often referred to as surfactant-alternating-gas (SAG) process, is known to effectively create fine-textured strong foams due to fluctuation in capillary pressure. Recent studies show that foam rheology in porous media can be characterized by foam-catastrophe theory which exhibits three foam states (weak-foam, strong-foam, and intermediate states) and two strong-foam regimes (high-quality …
Effects Of Processing Parameters On The Embrittlement Of Self Reacting Friction Stir Welds, David Eric Taylor
Effects Of Processing Parameters On The Embrittlement Of Self Reacting Friction Stir Welds, David Eric Taylor
LSU Master's Theses
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) has been adopted as one of the major welding processes for joining Aluminum. Many aerospace and marine structures are welded through this novel FSW processes currently. The Lockheed Martin Space Systems (LMSS), Michoud Operations, in New Orleans is continuously pursuing Friction Stir Welding technologies in its efforts to advance fabrication of the external tanks of the space shuttle. Recently, a reduction in mechanical strength (embrittlement) has been observed especially in self-reacting (SR) friction stir welds. This strength reduction was attributed to Residual Oxide Defects (ROD) but the exact reasons for this type of behavior needed to …
Enhancing Reductive Dechlorination Of Chlorinated Ethenes And Ethanes In A Natural Treatment System, Caroline Burda
Enhancing Reductive Dechlorination Of Chlorinated Ethenes And Ethanes In A Natural Treatment System, Caroline Burda
LSU Master's Theses
Chlorinated solvent contamination continues to plague sites around the world. In many cases, lower chlorinated daughter products build up and remain in ground waters and soils. A Bio-Filter/Phytobed (BFP) system has been developed to replace a traditional pump and treat technology currently operating at the ReSolve Superfund site in North Dartmouth, MA. Pilot scale testing at the facility displayed a significant acclimation period prior to microbial dechlorination, as well as delayed degradation of chlorinated ethanes. Microcosm studies suggest that acidic conditions, possibly created by the peat mixture used to construct the bio-filter, inhibited bacterial growth. The neutralization of trench pH …
Third Order Cmos Decimator Design For Sigma Delta Modulators, Hemalatha Mekala
Third Order Cmos Decimator Design For Sigma Delta Modulators, Hemalatha Mekala
LSU Master's Theses
A third order Cascaded Integrated Comb (CIC) filter has been designed in 0.5μm n-well CMOS process to interface with a second order oversampling sigma-delta ADC modulator. The modulator was designed earlier in 0.5μm technology. The CIC filter is designed to operate with 0 to 5V supply voltages. The modulator is operated with ±2.5V supply voltage and a fixed oversampling ratio of 64. The CIC filter designed includes integrator, differentiator blocks and a dedicated clock divider circuit, which divides the input clock by 64. The CIC filter is designed to work with an ADC that operates at a maximum oversampling clock …
Bilateral Filter In Image Processing, Ming Zhang
Bilateral Filter In Image Processing, Ming Zhang
LSU Master's Theses
The bilateral filter is a nonlinear filter that does spatial averaging without smoothing edges. It has shown to be an effective image denoising technique. It also can be applied to the blocking artifacts reduction. An important issue with the application of the bilateral filter is the selection of the filter parameters, which affect the results significantly. Another research interest of bilateral filter is acceleration of the computation speed. There are three main contributions of this thesis. The first contribution is an empirical study of the optimal bilateral filter parameter selection in image denoising. I propose an extension of the bilateral …
Hearing Assessment Of Forest Loggers, Antonio A. Fonseca
Hearing Assessment Of Forest Loggers, Antonio A. Fonseca
LSU Master's Theses
Forest logging is the process in which trees are cut down for forest management and/or timber harvest. According to OSHA, logging is the most dangerous occupation in the United States. It consistently represents one of the most hazardous industries, with a fatality rate more than 21 times higher than the rate for all workers in the United States. Yet, little research has been performed to determine the long term effect of noise on forest loggers. OSHA regulations state that the maximum permissible hearing in an 8 hour shift should not exceed 90 dB. Occupational noise exposure is recognized as a …
Aerodynamic And Heat Transfer Studies In A Combustor-Fired, Fixed-Vane Cascade With Film Cooling, James William Post
Aerodynamic And Heat Transfer Studies In A Combustor-Fired, Fixed-Vane Cascade With Film Cooling, James William Post
LSU Master's Theses
Pressure and heat transfer data has been generated in a high-pressure, high-temperature vane cascade. This cascade differs from many others seen in typical low-pressure facilities using room temperature air. Primarily, a natural gas-fired combustor generates realistic turbulence profiles in the high-temperature exhaust gases that pass through the vane cascade. The fixed-vane cascade test sections have film cooling holes machined into the surfaces in arrangements that closely model configurations seen in real-life first-row nozzle guide vanes (NGV). Theoretical coolant jet-to-crossflow blowing ratios (M) range from 0.5 to 3.0. Coolant jet-to-crossflow theoretical density ratios (DR) used for typical tests vary between 1.0 …
Sophisticated Denial-Of-Service Attack Detections Through Integrated Architectural, Os, And Appplication Level Events Monitoring, Ran Tao
LSU Master's Theses
As the first step to defend against DoS attacks, Network-based Intrusion Detection System is well explored and widely used in both commercial tools and research works. Such IDS framework is built upon features extracted from the network traffic, which are application-level features, and is effective in detecting flooding-based DoS attacks. However, in a sophisticated DoS attack, where an attacker manages to bypass the network-based monitors and launch a DoS attack locally, sniffer-based methods have difficulty in differentiating attacks with normal behaviors, since the malicious connection itself behaves in the same manner of normal connections. In this work, we study a …
Assessment Of Target Purity Difference For A Louisiana Sugar Mill, Luz Stella Polanco
Assessment Of Target Purity Difference For A Louisiana Sugar Mill, Luz Stella Polanco
LSU Master's Theses
The main goals of a “raw” sugarcane factory are to have an efficient profitable operation with the required sugar quality and maximum sugar recovery. The loss of sugar to final molasses accounts for 45 to 47% of the total sugar losses. An estimation of the average cost of the manufacturing losses for the 2007 harvest season was approximately $9 million – the sugar lost to the final molasses accounts for approximately 50% of this cost (Salassi, 2008). For final molasses, the “Target Purity” (or equilibrium purity) refers to the minimum level of sucrose that theoretically remains in solution for a …
Assessing The Accuracy Of Task Time Prediction Of An Emerging Human Performance Modeling Software - Cogtool, Oluwakemi Damilola Adio
Assessing The Accuracy Of Task Time Prediction Of An Emerging Human Performance Modeling Software - Cogtool, Oluwakemi Damilola Adio
LSU Master's Theses
There is a need for a human performance modeling tool which not only has the ability to accurately estimate skilled user task time for any interface design, but can be used by modelers with little or no programming knowledge and at a minimal cost. To fulfill this need, this research investigated the accuracy of task time prediction of a modeling tool – CogTool - on two versions of an interface design used extensively in the petrochemical industry – DeltaV. CogTool uses the KeyStroke Level Model (KLM) to calculate and generate time predictions based on specified operators. The data collected from …
Biocompatible/ Bioresorbable Polymer Based Silver Nanaomaterial Coatng For Chronic Indwelling Medical Devices And Bioscaffolds For Tissue Regrowth, Ammar T. Qureshi
Biocompatible/ Bioresorbable Polymer Based Silver Nanaomaterial Coatng For Chronic Indwelling Medical Devices And Bioscaffolds For Tissue Regrowth, Ammar T. Qureshi
LSU Master's Theses
The objective of this study is to synthesize and characterize antimicrobial, bio-polymer based silver nanomaterials composite coatings, for use in chronic indwelling medical devices, and bioscaffolds. The coatings and bioscaffolds are comprised of novel biomass mediated silver nano particles (SNP) that are biocompatible, highly concentrated, highly pure, cost-effective, polydispersed and compatible with a range of polymer systems applicable for use with existing chronic indwelling medical devices. This thesis is divided into three main chapters. In Chapter 1, detailed review on the need for antimicrobial nanocomposite coatings for chronic indwelling medical devices along with different SNP synthesis and characterization methods is …
Thermomechanical Characterization Of A Shape Memory Polymer Based Syntactic Foam, Damon Nettles
Thermomechanical Characterization Of A Shape Memory Polymer Based Syntactic Foam, Damon Nettles
LSU Master's Theses
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are a type of smart material capable of “remembering” multiple shapes and transitioning between them in response to an external stimulus. They offer the potential to self-seal macro-length scale damage in a nearly autonomous fashion. Syntactic foams are lightweight structural materials currently used in the marine and aerospace industries. This study seeks to bring syntactic foams and SMPs together, retaining characteristics of both components, to create a low-density smart composite. The SMP based syntactic foam is used as the core of a grid stiffened sandwich structure capable of healing impact damage multiple times. In order to …
On The Effects Of Peripheral Sliding Velocity And Operating Differential Pressure In Rotary O-Ring Seals, Karan Lingerkar
On The Effects Of Peripheral Sliding Velocity And Operating Differential Pressure In Rotary O-Ring Seals, Karan Lingerkar
LSU Master's Theses
An O-ring seal is of paramount importance in hydraulic and pneumatic machinery used in oil and gas drilling processes. O-ring seals are generally employed to contain the environments of working fluids existing on either side of the seal from interacting with each other, to maintain a uniform pressure chamber and to eliminate the environmental contaminants that interact at the rubbing interface. Failure of dynamic O-rings in hydraulic and pneumatic machinery often results in considerable productivity loss to the chemical and petrochemical industries. Therefore, it is highly important to determine the life of an O-ring for these applications under various operating …
Freeway Crash And Lane Compliance Under Truck Lane Restriction And Differential Speed Limit, Murat Korkut
Freeway Crash And Lane Compliance Under Truck Lane Restriction And Differential Speed Limit, Murat Korkut
LSU Master's Theses
In the last decade, several fatal truck related crashes occurred on the elevated freeway over the Atchafalaya Basin. In an attempt to reduce the crash rates, the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development implemented two policies to regulate the truck traffic on this rural divided freeway that has two lanes in each direction of flow. These policies restricted truck traffic to the right lane and reduced the maximum truck speed limit to 55-mph. On the other hand, maximum car speed limit was kept at 60-mph. The changes took place in 2003. While the policies were in effect, crash and traffic …
Hydro Mechanical Behavior Of Unsaturated Soil Subjected To Drying, Dev Raj Pokhrel
Hydro Mechanical Behavior Of Unsaturated Soil Subjected To Drying, Dev Raj Pokhrel
LSU Master's Theses
The literature of unsaturated soils in terms of hydraulic and mechanical behavior is reviewed. The hydro- mechanical behavior of unsaturated soil was studied using experimental investigation and numerical simulation of 1D and 2D modeling in HYDRUS software. Low plasticity silty clay (CL) and sand bentonite mixed soil SB (5% and 2% bentonite) specimens were investigated. Soil water characteristics curve (SWCC) tests were carried out in CL sample along with shear wave velocity measurement test using bender element (BE). The influence of moisture variation on specimens was investigated to see its impact on suction and on stiffness of soil. Similarly, the …
Atomistic Simulations Of Lipid Bilayers In The Presence Of Dimethylsulfoxide, Raghava Alapati
Atomistic Simulations Of Lipid Bilayers In The Presence Of Dimethylsulfoxide, Raghava Alapati
LSU Master's Theses
In a typical cryopreservation protocol, the system to be preserved is first equilibrated with chemicals known as cryoprotective agents (CPAs). CPAs have been shown to alleviate cell damage from either the solute effects or the formation of intracellular ice during the subsequent freezing process. Thus, an extensive body of literature reporting the effects of CPAs on cellular systems has been accumulated over the last 50 years; detailing largely experimental interactions between cell systems and chemicals. Recent advances in computational methodology now offer an additional dimension in our ability to understand the molecular interactions between cell membranes, idealized as lipid bilayers …
Dynamic Behavior Of Unsaturated Soils, Prathima Alla
Dynamic Behavior Of Unsaturated Soils, Prathima Alla
LSU Master's Theses
The behavior of unsaturated soils is different from the behavior of saturated soil deposits. Unsaturated soils have more than two phases; the pore water pressure in unsaturated soils is negative. The behavior of unsaturated soil when a dynamic loading such as an earthquake loading is imposed on them, the susceptibility of lab tested soils to liquefaction is investigated in this study. As the phenomenon of liquefaction occurs only in the case of saturated soil deposits, the behavior of unsaturated soil under these conditions is investigated. Sand and silty sand are used in this study, wetting and drying soil water characteristic …
Prioritization Of Safety Countermeasures For The State Of Louisiana Using Fuzzy Inference Systems, Meisam Akbarzadeh
Prioritization Of Safety Countermeasures For The State Of Louisiana Using Fuzzy Inference Systems, Meisam Akbarzadeh
LSU Master's Theses
In this study a fuzzy inference system is proposed for prioritization of countermeasures aimed at improving safety in the state of Louisiana. Countermeasures are prioritized based on their collective performance on cost, expected crash reduction and the severity of the problem they address. These three decision parameters can have six permutations in terms of their relative importance in decision making. In order to make the prioritization procedure handier for decision makers, the inference system is capable of being run under all six possible cases. Current safety standards influence the importance attached to crash reduction performance and severity of the problem …
Advanced Microwave Technology For Biodiesel Feedstock Processing, Beatrice G. Terigar
Advanced Microwave Technology For Biodiesel Feedstock Processing, Beatrice G. Terigar
LSU Master's Theses
The goal of this work was to assist in overcoming the most important bottlenecks in the biodiesel production chain: to improve the biodiesel production process (oil extraction and esterification) using advanced microwave technologies from traditional and alternative feedstock; and identify the important characteristics of an alternative, high oil yield crop (TT). Dielectric properties of two feedstocks, soybean and rice bran were measured in presence of several solvents at different ratios, temperature and frequency. Results indicated that dielectric properties are ratio, temperature, frequency and solvent type dependent. Quasi-linear relationship using second order logarithmic transformation of the data provided a reliable estimator …
Ternary To Binary Converter Design In Cmos Using Multiple Input Floating Gate Mosfets, Josephine Ratna Sathiaraj
Ternary To Binary Converter Design In Cmos Using Multiple Input Floating Gate Mosfets, Josephine Ratna Sathiaraj
LSU Master's Theses
In this work, a ternary to binary converter circuit is designed in 0.5μm n-well CMOS technology. The circuit takes two inputs corresponding to the ternary bits and gives four outputs, which are the binary equivalent bits of the ternary inputs. The ternary inputs range from (-1,-1)3 to (1,1) 3 which are decimal -4 to 4 and the four binary output bits are the sign bit (SB), most significant bit (MSB), second significant bit (SSB) and the least significant bit (LSB). The ternary inputs (-1, 0 and 1) are represented in terms of voltages of -3V, 0V and 3V. Multiple …
Evaluation Of Interwell Connectivity Of Little Creek Field, Mississipii [Sic] From Production Data, Gbemisola Yewande Ogunyomi
Evaluation Of Interwell Connectivity Of Little Creek Field, Mississipii [Sic] From Production Data, Gbemisola Yewande Ogunyomi
LSU Master's Theses
The understanding of geological characteristics and heterogeneity of a reservoir enables better decisions for reservoir development. Statistical methods use universally available injection and production rate data to help evaluate reservoir characteristics and behavior.In this research project, statistical methods typically used to infer communication between injector-producer well pairs in a waterflood reservoir using only production and injection rate data are applied to a CO2 flood. The multivariate linear regression (MLR) technique computes weighting coefficients possibly related to the fraction of the flow in a producer that comes from each of the injectors (Albertoni and Lake, 2002). MLR was applied to the …
Self-Healing Of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Compoistes [Sic], Nebiyu Fikru
Self-Healing Of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Compoistes [Sic], Nebiyu Fikru
LSU Master's Theses
The study of self-healing materials is inspired by biological systems in which damage triggers an autonomous healing response. In recent years, this concept of autonomic healing material, where initiation of repair is integral to the material, is being considered for engineering applications. The concept offers the designer an ability to incorporate secondary functional ability of counteracting service degradation in addition to achieving the primary, usually structural integrity, requirement. Self-healing materials also have the benefit of offering lighter and optimized structures as well as reduced maintenance cost. Previous works on polymer matrix composites have shown that significant fractions of mechanical properties …
Efficiency Of Cellulase Enzyme Immobilized On Magnetic Nanoparticles, Jason Jordan
Efficiency Of Cellulase Enzyme Immobilized On Magnetic Nanoparticles, Jason Jordan
LSU Master's Theses
Advances in enzymatic hydrolysis have developed new methods for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars for various applications, mainly ethanol production. The present study involves immobilization of a cellulase enzyme complex on a solid support which can be recovered for subsequent use in multiple reactions. The supports of interest include Fe3O4 nanoparticles (~13 nm) and polystyrene-coated particles containing a Fe3O4 core (1-2 µm). Each support contains amine functional groups based on the surface that allow covalent attachment of enzymes via carbodiimide activation. The nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immobilization was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared …
Numerical Modeling For Long Term Performance Of Soil-Bentonite Cut-Off Walls In Unsaturated Soil Zone, Sukanta Chakraborty
Numerical Modeling For Long Term Performance Of Soil-Bentonite Cut-Off Walls In Unsaturated Soil Zone, Sukanta Chakraborty
LSU Master's Theses
ABSTRACT The construction practices of containment walls are extremely important in this competitive economic market, but development is limited. Unsaturated zone is an integral part of the geotechnical problems, as it affects on any kind of soils structures. The unsaturated zone plays significant role in many aspects of water flow and contaminant transport, including containment system such as: cut-off walls, infiltration, soil moisture storage, evaporation, plant water uptake, ground water recharge, erosion, and runoff. This research focuses on the hydraulic sustainability and performance of soil-bentonite cutoff walls (Britton et al, 2004) models showing hydraulic behavior of barrier walls. The cutoff …
Laboratory Characterization Of Geogrid-Reinforced Unbound Granular Material For Use In Flexible Pavement Structures, Gael Souci
LSU Master's Theses
This thesis documents and summarizes research and background information carried on geogrid reinforced base course in pavement design. Research was experimental carried through Repeated Load Triaxial (RLT) tests at the Louisiana Transportation Research Center. The experimental tests were performed to observe the benefit of the geogrid as well as to differentiate between geogrid location, geometry and tensile modulus of the various geogrid. Experiments were also carried to further describe the Shakedown Theory and its use for characterization of base course materials. The experimental results showed that there was a benefit in placing the geogrid within the aggregate specimen. There were …